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📁 写给JSP初级程序员的书
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        <td WIDTH="50%" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" CLASS="t1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" align="center" nowrap>J2EE架构 </td>
        
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        <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Java2 
      SDK,企业版是Sun公司规范的实现。下图显示J2EE结构的主要元素。<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><!--[if gte vml 1]><V:SHAPETYPE 
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      joinstyle="miter"><V:FORMULAS><V:F 
      eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"><V:F eqn="sum @0 1 0"><V:F 
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      eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"><V:F eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"><V:F 
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      style="HEIGHT: 357.75pt; WIDTH: 375.75pt" type="#_x0000_t75"><V:IMAGEDATA 
      o:title="" src="http://www.chinajavaworld.com/doc/j2ee/j2_j2e1.gif"></V:SHAPE><![endif]--><IMG height=477 
      src="j2_j2e1.gif" tppabs="http://www.chinajavaworld.com/doc/j2ee/images/j2_j2e1.gif" width=501 v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"><O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT 
      size=4>J2EE服务器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">J2EE服务器提供如下服务：<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*命名及目录<SPAN 
      style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>允许程序通过JAVA命名和目录接口(JNDI)定位服务和组件<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*验证<SPAN 
      style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      </SPAN>对需要登入的用户加强安全性<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*HTTP<SPAN 
      style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      </SPAN>使WEB浏览器能接触servlets和JSP文件<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*EJB<SPAN 
      style="mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
      </SPAN>允许客户端激活在Enterprise Bean的方法<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT 
      size=4>EJB容器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Enterprise 
      bean实例运行于一个EJB容器中。此容器是控制enterprise 
      bean并为其提供重要的系统级别的服务的运行时环境。即是你可以不用自己开发这些服务，完全可以集中在enterprise 
      bean的业务方法上。此容器为enterprise bean提供如下服务：<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*事务管理（Transaction 
      Management)<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*安全（Security)<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*远程客户连接（Remote 
      Client Connectivity)<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*生存周期管理（Life 
      Cycle Management)<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">*数据库连接池（Database 
      Connection Pooling)<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">事务管理<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当客户端激活一个<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>enterprise bean中的方法，容器介入一管理事务。因有容器管理事务，在enterprise 
      bean中不必对事务的边界进行编码。要求控制分布式事务的代码会非常复杂。你只需在布置描述文件中声明enterprise 
      bean的事务属性，而不用编写并调试复杂的代码。容器将读此文件并为你处置此enterprise bean的事务。<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">安全<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">容器允许只有被授权的用户才能激活<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>enterprise bean的方法。每一客户属于一个特别的角色，而每个角色只允许激活特定的方法。你应在enterprise 
      bean的布置描述中声明角色和可被激活的方法。由于这种声明性的方法，你不必编写加强安全性的规则。<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">远程客户连接<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">容器负责管理在客户端及<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>enterprise bean之间的底层的交流。enterprise 
      bean被创建之后，客户端可以象在同一虚拟机中一样对enterprise bean激活其方法.<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">生存周期管理<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一个<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>enterprise bean在其生存周期中将会历经几种状态。容器创建enterprise 
      bean，并在可用实例池与活动状态中移动他，而最终将其从容器中移除。即使可以调用enterprise 
      bean的create及remove方法，容器也将会在后台执行这些任务。<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">数据库连接池<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">数据库连接池是一个有价值的资源。获取数据库连接是一项耗时的工作，而且连接数非常有限。容器通过管理连接池来缓和这些问题。<SPAN 
      lang=EN-US>enterprise bean可从池中迅速获取连接。在bean释放连接之可为其他bean使用。<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;<O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT 
      size=4>Web容器</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><O:P> 
      </O:P></SPAN></P>
      <P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US 
      style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Web容器是JSP和Servlets的运行时环境。尽管web组件是J2EE中的一个重要部分，我们将集中在enterprise 
      bean.更多的开发web组件的信息，请参看有关JSP及Servlet的主页。
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