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📄 mysql入门学习(五).htm

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      <DIV align=center><B><FONT size=3>MySQL入门学习(五) <BR><FONT 
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      color=#333300>MySQL入门学习(五)&nbsp;<BR>--多表操作&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;前面我们熟悉了数据库和数据库表的基本操作,现在我们再来看看如何操作多个表。&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;在一个数据库中,可能存在多个表,这些表都是相互关联的。我们继续使用前面的例子。前面建立的表中包含了员工的一些基本信息,如姓名、性别、出生日期、出生地。我们再创建一个表,该表用于描述员工所发表的文章,内容包括作者姓名、文章标题、发表日期。&nbsp;<BR><BR>1、查看第一个表mytable的内容:&nbsp;<BR>mysql&gt;&nbsp;select&nbsp;*&nbsp;from&nbsp;mytable;&nbsp;<BR>+----------+------+------------+-----------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;name&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;sex&nbsp;|&nbsp;birth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;birthaddr&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+----------+------+------------+-----------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;&nbsp;|f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1977-07-07&nbsp;|&nbsp;china&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;mary&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1978-12-12&nbsp;|&nbsp;usa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;tom&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|m&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1970-09-02&nbsp;|&nbsp;usa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+----------+------+------------+-----------+&nbsp;<BR><BR>2、创建第二个表title(包括作者、文章标题、发表日期):&nbsp;<BR>mysql&gt;&nbsp;create&nbsp;table&nbsp;title(writer&nbsp;varchar(20)&nbsp;not&nbsp;null,&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;title&nbsp;varchar(40)&nbsp;not&nbsp;null,&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;senddate&nbsp;date);&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;向该表中填加记录,最后表的内容如下:&nbsp;<BR>mysql&gt;&nbsp;select&nbsp;*&nbsp;from&nbsp;title;&nbsp;<BR>+--------+-------+------------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;writer&nbsp;|&nbsp;title&nbsp;|&nbsp;senddate&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+--------+-------+------------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;|&nbsp;a1&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;2000-01-23&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;mary&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;b1&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1998-03-21&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;|&nbsp;a2&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;2000-12-04&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;tom&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;c1&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1992-05-16&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;tom&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;c2&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1999-12-12&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+--------+-------+------------+&nbsp;<BR>5&nbsp;rows&nbsp;in&nbsp;set&nbsp;(0.00sec)&nbsp;<BR><BR>3、多表查询&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;现在我们有了两个表:&nbsp;mytable&nbsp;和&nbsp;title。利用这两个表我们可以进行组合查询:&nbsp;<BR>例如我们要查询作者abccs的姓名、性别、文章:&nbsp;<BR>mysql&gt;&nbsp;SELECT&nbsp;name,sex,title&nbsp;FROM&nbsp;mytable,title&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;WHERE&nbsp;name=writer&nbsp;AND&nbsp;name='abccs';&nbsp;<BR>+-------+------+-------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;name&nbsp;|&nbsp;sex&nbsp;|&nbsp;title&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+-------+------+-------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;|&nbsp;f&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;a1&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;|&nbsp;f&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;a2&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+-------+------+-------+&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;上面例子中,由于作者姓名、性别、文章记录在两个不同表内,因此必须使用组合来进行查询。必须要指定一个表中的记录如何与其它表中的记录进行匹配。&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;注意:如果第二个表title中的writer列也取名为name(与mytable表中的name列相同)而不是writer时,就必须用mytable.name和title.name表示,以示区别。&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;再举一个例子,用于查询文章a2的作者、出生地和出生日期:&nbsp;<BR>mysql&gt;&nbsp;select&nbsp;title,writer,birthaddr,birth&nbsp;from&nbsp;mytable,title&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;-&gt;&nbsp;where&nbsp;mytable.name=title.writer&nbsp;and&nbsp;title='a2';&nbsp;<BR>+-------+--------+-----------+------------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;title&nbsp;|&nbsp;writer&nbsp;|&nbsp;birthaddr&nbsp;|&nbsp;birth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+-------+--------+-----------+------------+&nbsp;<BR>|&nbsp;a2&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;abccs&nbsp;|&nbsp;china&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;1977-07-07&nbsp;|&nbsp;<BR>+-------+--------+-----------+------------+&nbsp;<BR><BR></FONT></TD></TR>
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