studentmis_0.80.040502.1.cpp

自己做的一个学生成绩管理系统

/*------------------------------------------------------------*\
 *  功能增强说明                                              *
 *  *1. 科目名称处理方式有所变化，变为全局字符串数组处理      *
 *  *2. 结构体变量不再使用静态内存空间，而是使用动态内存空间  *
 *  3. 增加了增、删、改、查、排序等功能                       *
 *  *4. 增加了学员信息管理功能                                *
\*------------------------------------------------------------*/




#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define OBJNUM 4	/* 科目数量，需要改动全局字符串数组 pstzObjectName[OBJNUM]
						默认四科为“语文，数学，英语，政治” */
#define STUNUM 30	/* 学生最大人数 */

typedef struct 
{
	char * pstzName;
	char * pstzID;
	float Score[OBJNUM];
	/* 新增学员信息 */
	int iAge;
	char cSex;
	char * pstzAddress;
} Student;	/* 直接定义 struct 在标准C 下不能编译 */

void welcomeInfo();
void printMenu();
char choiseMenu();
void inputInfo(Student * []);
void outputInfo(const Student * []);
void inputScore(Student * []);
void outputScore(const Student * []);
int isScore(const float);
void saveFile(const Student * []);
void loadFile(Student * []);
void unload(Student * []);
void order(Student * []);	/* 选择法排序，对原参数有副作用 */
void find(const Student * []);	/* 按学号查找并输出个人信息及个人成绩单 */

char buff[256];	/* 输入缓冲区，所有文件公用 */
char * pstzObjectName[OBJNUM] = {"语文", "数学", "英语", "政治"};

void main()
{
	char cChoise;
	Student * stu[STUNUM] = {NULL};

	welcomeInfo();

	do{
		printMenu();
		cChoise = choiseMenu();
		switch (cChoise)
		{
		case '1':
			inputInfo(stu);
			inputScore(stu);
			break;
		case '2':
			outputInfo(stu);
			outputScore(stu);
			break;
		case '3':
			order(stu);
			break;
		case '4':
			find(stu);
			break;
/*
		case '5':
			//新加
			break;
		case '6':
			//删除
			break;
		case '7':
			//更改
			break;
*/
		case '8':
			saveFile(stu);	break;
		case '9':
			loadFile(stu);	break;
		case '0':
			unload(stu);	break;			
		default:
			printf("\a\n该功能未实现\n菜单无效选择，请与程序设计者联系。\n\n\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (cChoise != '0');
	printf("..........\n");
	printf("欢迎使用！\n");
	printf("有任何意见或建议欢迎与 [e-mail] 联系\n");
}

void welcomeInfo()
{
	printf("Windows 2000 (TM) 版本 5.00 (内部版本号043212)    \n");
	printf("欢迎使用 SOPHIA 学生信息管理系统                               \n");
	printf("学生信息管理系统（内部测试标准C版） 内部版本号 0.80.051002.1 \n\n");
}

void printMenu()
{
	printf("\n1.输入 2.输出 3.排序 4.查找 5.新加 6.删除 7.更改 8.保存 9.加载 0.退出\n");
}

char choiseMenu()
{
	char cTemp;
	printf("\n请选择操作：");
	do{
		scanf("%s", buff);
		sscanf(buff, " %c", &cTemp);
	} while ((cTemp > '9' || cTemp < '0') 
		&& printf("\n无效选择，请重选："));
	return cTemp;
}

void inputInfo(Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	char flag = '\0';
	unload(stu);
	do {
		stu[i] = (Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student));

		printf("学号：");
		scanf("%s", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzID = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzID, buff);

		printf("姓名：");
		scanf("%s", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzName = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzName, buff);

		printf("年龄：");
		do {
			scanf("%s", buff);
			sscanf(buff, " %d", &stu[i]->iAge);
		} while ((stu[i]->iAge > 100 || stu[i]->iAge < 0)
			&& printf("不合法年龄，请重新输入年龄："));

		printf("性别(F/M)：");
		do {
			scanf("%s", buff);
			sscanf(buff, " %c", &stu[i]->cSex);
		} while ((stu[i]->cSex != 'f' && stu[i]->cSex != 'F' 
			&& stu[i]->cSex != 'm' && stu[i]->cSex != 'M')
			&& printf("性别输入错误，请重新输入性别："));

		printf("地址：");
		scanf("%s", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzAddress = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzAddress, buff);

		i++;
		printf("是否结束 (Y/N)?");
		scanf(" %c", &flag);
	} while (i < STUNUM && flag != 'Y' && flag != 'y');
	printf("一共录入%d个人信息\n", i);
}

void outputInfo(const Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0;

	/* 结构信息 */
	puts("\t\t\t学员情况表单");
	puts("__________________________________________________________________");
	printf("学号\t姓名\t\t年龄\t性别\t地址\n");

	/* 输出成绩单数据 */
	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++)
	{
		printf("%s\t%-16s%d\t", stu[i]->pstzID, stu[i]->pstzName, stu[i]->iAge);

		if (stu[i]->cSex == 'f' || stu[i]->cSex == 'F')
			printf("男\t");
		else if (stu[i]->cSex == 'm' || stu[i]->cSex == 'M')
			printf("女\t");
		else 
			printf("\n\a\a\a错误，无效性别，检查数据文件\n");

		printf("%s\n", stu[i]->pstzAddress);
	}

	printf("    共计%d人\n", i);
	puts("__________________________________________________________________");
}

void inputScore(Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	char flag = '\0';
	do {
		for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
		{
			printf("输入%s同学的%s成绩：",  stu[i]->pstzName, pstzObjectName[j]);
			do {
				scanf("%s", buff);
				sscanf(buff, " %f", &stu[i]->Score[j]);
			} while ( !isScore(stu[i]->Score[j])
				&& printf("输入无效成绩，请重新输入"));
		}
		i++;
		printf("是否结束 (Y/N)?");
		scanf(" %c", &flag);
	} while (i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL	/* 下一个人还没有存在 */
		&& flag != 'Y' && flag != 'y');
	printf("一共录入%d个人成绩\n", i);
}

void outputScore(const Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	float sum;
	float CountScore[OBJNUM];
	for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
	{
		CountScore[j] = 0;
	}

	/* 输出成绩单结构信息 */
	puts("\t\t\t成绩单");
	puts("__________________________________________________________________");
	printf("学号\t姓名\t");
	for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
	{
		printf("%s\t", pstzObjectName[j]);
	}
	printf("总分\t平均分\n");

	/* 输出成绩单数据 */
	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++)
	{
		printf("%s\t%s\t", stu[i]->pstzID, stu[i]->pstzName);

		sum = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
		{
			sum += stu[i]->Score[j];
			CountScore[j] += stu[i]->Score[j];
			printf("%.2f\t", stu[i]->Score[j]);
		}
		printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", sum, sum / OBJNUM);	/* 输出每个人的统计信息 */
	}

	/* 输出每科的统计信息 */
	printf("\n总分\t\t");
	for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
	{
		printf("%.2f\t", CountScore[j]);
	}	
	printf("\n平均分\t\t");
	for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
	{
		printf("%.2f\t", CountScore[j] / i);
	}

	printf("    共计%d人\n", i);
	puts("__________________________________________________________________");
}

int isScore(const float score)
{
	if (score <= 100 && score >= 0)
		return 1;
	return 0;
}

void saveFile(const Student * stu[])
{
	int i, j;
	FILE * fp;
	if (NULL == (fp = fopen("c:\\temp.gmy", "w")))
	{
		printf("\n\a\a\a磁盘错误！\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++)
	{
		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%c\t%s\t", stu[i]->pstzID, stu[i]->pstzName, stu[i]->iAge,
			stu[i]->cSex, stu[i]->pstzAddress);

		for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
		{
			fprintf(fp, "%.2f\t", stu[i]->Score[j]);
		}
		fprintf(fp, "\n");
		printf(">");
	}
	fclose(fp);
	printf("\n信息保存成功！共保存%d条信息。\n", i);
}

void loadFile(Student * stu[])
{
	int i, j;
	FILE * fp;
	if (NULL == (fp = fopen("c:\\temp.gmy", "r")))
	{
		printf("\n\a\a\a磁盘错误！\n");
		exit(0);
	}

	/* 释放原有动态内存区空间 */
	unload(stu);

	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && !feof(fp); i++)
	{
		stu[i] = (Student *)malloc(sizeof(Student));

		fscanf(fp, "%s\t", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzID = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzID, buff);

		fscanf(fp, "%s\t", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzName = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzName, buff);

		fscanf(fp, "%d\t%c\t", &stu[i]->iAge, &stu[i]->cSex);

		fscanf(fp, "%s\t", buff);
		stu[i]->pstzAddress = (char *)malloc(strlen(buff) + 1);
		strcpy(stu[i]->pstzAddress, buff);

		for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
		{
			fscanf(fp, "%f\t", &stu[i]->Score[j]);
		}
		printf(">");
	}
	fclose(fp);
	printf("\n信息加载成功！共加载%d条信息。\n", i);
}

void unload(Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++)
	{
		free(stu[i]->pstzAddress);
		free(stu[i]->pstzID);
		free(stu[i]->pstzName);
		free(stu[i]);
	}
}

void order(Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	int iCount = 0;	/* 学生总数 */
	int iTemp = 0;
	float score[STUNUM] = {0};
	float fTemp = 0;
	Student * stuTemp = NULL;

	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++);
	iCount = i;	/* 得到实际人数 */

	/* 计算统计信息作为排序依据 */
	for (i = 0; i < iCount; i++)
	{
		for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
		{
			score[i] += stu[i]->Score[j];
		}
	}
	/* 选择法排序 */
	for (i = 0; i < iCount; i++)
	{
		iTemp = i;	/* 做标记 */
		for (j = i; j < iCount; j++)
		{
			if (score[j] >= score[iTemp])	/* 降序排列 */
			{
				iTemp = j;	/* 记录极值 */
			}
		}
		fTemp = score[i];
		score[i] = score[iTemp];
		score[iTemp] = fTemp;
		stuTemp = stu[i];
		stu[i] = stu[iTemp];
		stu[iTemp] = stuTemp;
	}
}

void find(const Student * stu[])
{
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	float sum = 0;

	printf("请输入学号：");
	scanf("%s", buff);	/* 不太好， 应该另存 */

	for (i = 0; i < STUNUM && stu[i] != NULL; i++)
	{
		if (strcmp(stu[i]->pstzID, buff) == 0)
		{
			puts("\n\n\t\t个人成绩单");
			puts("__________________________________________________");

			/* 输出个人信息 */
			printf("学号：%-10s    年龄：%d\n", stu[i]->pstzID, stu[i]->iAge);
			printf("姓名：%-10s    性别：", stu[i]->pstzName);
			if (stu[i]->cSex == 'f' || stu[i]->cSex == 'F')
				printf("男\n");
			else if (stu[i]->cSex == 'm' || stu[i]->cSex == 'M')
				printf("女\n");
			else 
				printf("\n\a\a\a错误，无效性别，检查数据文件\n");
			printf("地址：%s\n\n", stu[i]->pstzAddress);

			/* 输出成绩 */
			for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
			{
				printf("%s\t", pstzObjectName[j]);
			}
			printf("总分\t平均分\n");
			for (j = 0; j < OBJNUM; j++)
			{
				sum += stu[i]->Score[j];
				printf("%.2f\t", stu[i]->Score[j]);
			}
			printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", sum, sum / OBJNUM);

			puts("__________________________________________________");
			return;
		}
	}
	printf("\n\a查无此人，请重新确认后再查！\n");
}