📄 单片机初学者网站.htm
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>MPU写指令到指令暂存器（IR）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>L</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>H</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">读出忙标志（<SPAN
lang=EN-US>BF）及地址记数器（AC）的状态</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>H</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>L</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>MPU写入数据到数据暂存器（DR）</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>H</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>H</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>MPU从数据暂存器（DR）中读出数据</SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、E信号</SPAN></B></P>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>E状态</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">执行动作</P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">结果</P></TD></TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">高——<SPAN lang=EN-US>>低</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>I/O缓冲——>DR</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">配合<SPAN
lang=EN-US>/W进行写数据或指令</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">高</P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>DR——>I/O缓冲</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD class=Normal vAlign=top width=296>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">配合<SPAN
lang=EN-US>R进行读数据或指令</SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">低<SPAN
lang=EN-US>/低——>高</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">无动作</P></TD>
<TD class=Normal vAlign=top width=296> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><B>●
忙标志<SPAN lang=EN-US>:BF</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US>
BF标志提供内部工作情况.BF=1表示模块在进行内部操作,此时模块不接受外部指令和数据.BF=0时,模块为准备状态,随时可接受外部指令和数据.</SPAN> <SPAN
lang=EN-US> 利用STATUS RD
指令,可以将BF读到DB7总线,从而检验模块之工作状态.</SPAN><B>● 字型产生<SPAN
lang=EN-US>ROM（CGROM）</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US>
字型产生ROM（CGROM）提供8192个此触发器是用于模块屏幕显示开和关的控制。DFF=1为开显示（DISPLAY ON),DDRAM
的内容就显示在屏幕上，DFF=0为关显示（DISPLAY OFF)。 DFF 的状态是指令DISPLAY
ON/OFF和RST信号控制的。</SPAN><B>●<SPAN lang=EN-US>
显示数据RAM（DDRAM）</SPAN></B>模块内部显示数据<SPAN
lang=EN-US>RAM提供64×2个位元组的空间，最多可控制4行16字（64个字）的中文字型显示，当写入显示数据RAM时，可分别显示CGROM与CGRAM的字型；此模块可显示三种字型，分别是半角英数字型(16*8)、CGRAM字型及CGROM的中文字型，三种字型的选择，由在DDRAM中写入的编码选择，在0000H—0006H的编码中（其代码分别是0000、0002、0004、0006共4个）将选择CGRAM的自定义字型，02H—7FH的编码中将选择半角英数字的字型，至于A1以上的编码将自动的结合下一个位元组，组成两个位元组的编码形成中文字型的编码BIG5（A140—D75F），GB（A1A0-F7FFH）。
</SPAN><B>● 字型产生<SPAN lang=EN-US>RAM(CGRAM)</SPAN></B><SPAN
lang=EN-US> 字型产生RAM提供图象定义(造字)功能,
可以提供四组16×16点的自定义图象空间，使用者可以将内部字型没有提供的图象字型自行定义到CGRAM中，便可和CGROM中的定义一样地通过DDRAM显示在屏幕中。</SPAN><B>●
地址计数器<SPAN lang=EN-US>AC</SPAN></B>地址计数器是用来贮存<SPAN
lang=EN-US>DDRAM/CGRAM之一的地址,它可由设定指令暂存器来改变，之后只要读取或是写入DDRAM/CGRAM的值时，地址计数器的值就会自动加一，当RS为“0”时而R/W为“1”时，地址计数器的值会被读取到DB6——DB0中。</SPAN>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US>●<SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal">
</SPAN></SPAN><B>光标<SPAN lang=EN-US>/闪烁控制电路</SPAN></B></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US>
</SPAN></B>此模块提供硬体光标及闪烁控制电路，由地址计数器的值来指定<SPAN
lang=EN-US>DDRAM中的光标或闪烁位置。</SPAN></P>
<P><B>五、指令说明</B></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><B><SPAN lang=EN-US>
</SPAN></B>模块控制芯片提供两套控制命令，基本指令和扩充指令如下：</P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt">指令表<SPAN lang=EN-US>1：（RE=0：基本指令）</SPAN></P>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>指</P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>
指 令 码</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>功
能</P></TD></TR>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SUP>令</SUP></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>RS</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>R/W</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D7</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D6</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D5</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D4</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D2</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D1</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center>清除</P>
<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center>显示</P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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<P
style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN></P></TD>
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