📄 bcb 编写 dll 终极手册.htm

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  // Unit1.cpp // TForm1 <br>
  HINSTANCE DLLInst = NULL; <br>
  void __fastcall TForm1::Button2Click(TObject *Sender) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if( NULL == DLLInst ) DLLInst =
  LoadLibrary(&quot;DLL.dll&quot;); //</span>上面的<span lang=EN-US> Dll <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if (DLLInst) { <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>CreateFromFunct = (void (__stdcall*)())
  GetProcAddress(DLLInst, <br>
  </span>　　　　　　　　　　　　　<span lang=EN-US>&quot;CreateFromFunct&quot;); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>if (CreateFromFunct) CreateFromFunct(); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage(&quot;Could not obtain function
  pointer&quot;); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage(&quot;Could not load
  DLL.dll&quot;); <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  void __fastcall TForm1::FormClose(TObject *Sender, TCloseAction &amp;Action) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if ( DLLInst ) FreeLibrary (DLLInst); <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  </span>四<span lang=EN-US>. DLL </span>作为<span lang=EN-US> MDIChild (</span>子窗体<span
  lang=EN-US>) </span>【只编写动态调用的例子】<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　实际上，调用子窗体的<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>时，系统只是检查应用程序的<span lang=EN-US>
  MainForm </span>是否为<span lang=EN-US> fsMDIForm </span>的窗体，这样只<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  </span>要把调用程序的<span lang=EN-US> Application </span>的<span lang=EN-US> Handle </span>传递给<span
  lang=EN-US> DLL </span>的<span lang=EN-US> Application </span>即可；同时退出<span
  lang=EN-US> DLL </span>时也要恢复<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  Application <br>
  <br>
  // MDIChildPro.cpp // Dll </span>实现<span lang=EN-US> CPP <br>
  #include &quot;unit1.h&quot; // TForm1 </span>定义<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  TApplication *SaveApp = NULL; <br>
  int WINAPI DllEntryPoint(HINSTANCE hinst, unsigned long reason, void*) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if ( (reason==DLL_PROCESS_DETACH) &amp;&amp; SaveApp
  ) <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>Application = SaveApp ; // </span>恢复<span
  lang=EN-US> Application <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>return 1; <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllexport) __stdcall void TestMDIChild(</span>　<span
  lang=EN-US>//1024X768 <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>TApplication* mainApp, <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>LPSTR lpCaption) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if ( NULL == SaveApp ) // </span>保存<span lang=EN-US>
  Application</span>，传递<span lang=EN-US> Application <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>{ <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>SaveApp = Application; <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>Application = mainApp; <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>// lpCaption </span>为子窗体的<span lang=EN-US> Caption <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>TForm1 *Form1 = new TForm1 ( Application, lpCaption
  ); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>Form1-&gt;Show(); <br>
  } <br>
  </span>注：上面的程序使用<span lang=EN-US> BCB 3.0 </span>编译成功<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  </span>五<span lang=EN-US>. BCB </span>调用<span lang=EN-US> VC </span>编写的<span
  lang=EN-US> DLL <br>
  1. </span>名字分解：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　没有名字分解的函数<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TestFunction1 // __cdecl calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>@TestFunction2 // __fastcall calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTION3 // __pascal calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TestFunction4 // __stdcall calling convention <br>
  </span>　有名字分解的函数<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>@TestFunction1$QV // __cdecl calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>@TestFunction2$qv // __fastcall calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTION3$qqrv // __apscal calling convention <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>@TestFunction4$qqrv // __stdcall calling convention
  <br>
  </span>　使用<span lang=EN-US> extern &quot;C&quot; </span>不会分解函数名<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  </span>　使用<span lang=EN-US> Impdef MyLib.def MyLib.DLL </span>生成<span
  lang=EN-US> def </span>文件查看是否使用了名字分解<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  2. </span>调用约定：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>__cdecl </span>缺省<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 是<span lang=EN-US> Borland C </span>的缺省的<span lang=EN-US> C </span>格式命名约定，它在标识符前加一下划线，以保留<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　它原来所有的全程标识符。参数按最右边参数优先的原则传递给栈，然后清栈。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>extaern &quot;C&quot; bool __cdecl TestFunction(); <br>
  </span>　 在<span lang=EN-US> def </span>文件中显示为<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TestFunction @1 <br>
  </span>　 注释：<span lang=EN-US> @1 </span>表示函数的顺序数，将在<span lang=EN-US>“</span>使用别名<span
  lang=EN-US>”</span>时使用。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>__pascal Pascal</span>格式<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 这时函数名全部变成大写，第一个参数先压栈，然后清栈。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTION @1 //def file <br>
  <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>__stdcall </span>标准调用<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 最后一个参数先压栈，然后清栈。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TestFunction @1 //def file <br>
  <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>__fastcall </span>把参数传递给寄存器<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 第一个参数先压栈，然后清栈。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>@TestFunction @1 //def file <br>
  <br>
  3. </span>解决调用约定：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US> Microsoft </span>与<span lang=EN-US> Borland </span>的<span
  lang=EN-US> __stdcall </span>之间的区别是命名方式。<span lang=EN-US> Borland </span>采用<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>__stdcall </span>的方式去掉了名字起前的下划线。<span lang=EN-US>
  Microsoft </span>则是在前加上下划线，在<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　后加上<span lang=EN-US> @ </span>，再后跟为栈保留的字节数。字节数取决于参数在栈所占的空间。每一个<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　参数都舍入为<span lang=EN-US> 4 </span>的倍数加起来。这种<span lang=EN-US>
  Miocrosoft </span>的<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>与系统的<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>不一样。<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  4. </span>使用别名：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 使用别名的目的是使调用文件 <span lang=EN-US>.OBJ </span>与<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>的<span
  lang=EN-US> .DEF </span>文件相匹配。如果还没有<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>.DEF </span>文件，就应该先建一个。然后把<span lang=EN-US> DEF </span>文件加入<span
  lang=EN-US> Project</span>。使用别名应不断<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　修改外部错误，如果没有，还需要将<span lang=EN-US> IMPORTS </span>部分加入<span
  lang=EN-US> DEF </span>文件。<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>IMPORTS <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTIOM4 = DLLprj.TestFunction4 <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTIOM5 = DLLprj.WEP @500 <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>TESTFUNCTIOM6 = DLLprj.GETHOSTBYADDR @51 <br>
  </span>　 这里需要说明的是，调用应用程序的<span lang=EN-US> .OBJ </span>名与<span lang=EN-US>
  DLL </span>的<span lang=EN-US> .DEF </span>文件名是等价的，<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　而且总是这样。甚至不用考虑调用约定，它会自动匹配。在前面的例子中，函数被<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　说明为<span lang=EN-US> __pascal</span>，因此产生了大写函数名。这样链接程序不会出错。<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  <br>
  5. </span>动态调用例子<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  VC DLL </span>的代码如下：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllexport) LPSTR __stdcall
  BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall() <br>
  { <br>
  static char strRetStdcall[256] = &quot;BCB Load VC_Win32 Dll by __stdcall
  mode is OK!&quot;; <br>
  <br>
  return strRetStdcall; <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllexport) LPSTR __cdecl
  BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl() <br>
  { <br>
  static char strRetCdecl[256] = &quot;BCB Load VC_Win32 Dll by __cdecl mode is
  OK!&quot;; <br>
  <br>
  return strRetCdecl; <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllexport) LPSTR __fastcall
  BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall() <br>
  { <br>
  static char strRetFastcall[256] = &quot;BCB Load VC_Win32 Dll by __fastcall
  mode is OK!&quot;; <br>
  <br>
  return strRetFastcall; <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  </span>　 其实动态调用与调用<span lang=EN-US> BCB </span>编写的<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>没有区别，关键是查看<span
  lang=EN-US> DLL </span>的导出函数名字<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 可以使用<span lang=EN-US> tdump.exe(BCB</span>工具<span lang=EN-US>) </span>或者<span
  lang=EN-US> dumpbin.exe(VC</span>工具<span lang=EN-US>) </span>查看<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US> tdump -ee MyDll.dll &gt;1.txt (</span>查看<span
  lang=EN-US> 1.txt </span>文件即可<span lang=EN-US>) <br>
  </span>　 由于<span lang=EN-US> VC6 </span>不支持<span lang=EN-US> __pascall </span>方式，下面给出一个三种方式的例子<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  void __fastcall TForm1::btnBLVCWin32DynClick(TObject *Sender) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>/*cmd: tdbump VCWin32.dll &gt;1.txt <br>
  Turbo Dump Version 5.0.16.4 Copyright (c) 1988, 1998 Borland International <br>
  </span>　　　　　<span lang=EN-US>Display of File VCWIN32.DLL <br>
  <br>
  EXPORT ord:0000='BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall::' <br>
  EXPORT ord:0001='BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl' <br>
  EXPORT ord:0002='_BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall@0' <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>*/ <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if ( !DllInst ) <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>DllInst = LoadLibrary ( &quot;VCWin32.dll&quot; ); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>if ( DllInst ) <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>{ <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall = (LPSTR (__stdcall *) () ) <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>GetProcAddress ( DllInst,
  &quot;_BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall@0&quot; ); //VC Dll <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>// GetProcAddress ( DllInst,
  &quot;BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall&quot; ); //BCB Dll <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>if ( BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall ) <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>{ <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage( BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall() ); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage ( &quot;Can't find the __stdcall
  Function!&quot; ); <br>
  <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl = (LPSTR (__cdecl *) () ) <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>GetProcAddress ( DllInst,
  &quot;BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl&quot; ); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>if ( BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl ) <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>{ <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage( BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl() ); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage ( &quot;Can't find the __cdecl
  Function!&quot; ); <br>
  <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>//Why?</span>不是<span lang=EN-US>
  'BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall::',</span>而是<span lang=EN-US>
  '@BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall@0'</span>？<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall = (LPSTR (__fastcall *) () )
  <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>//GetProcAddress ( DllInst,
  &quot;BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall::&quot; ); <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>GetProcAddress ( DllInst,
  &quot;@BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall@0&quot; ); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>if ( BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall ) <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>{ <br>
  </span>　　　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage( BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall() ); <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage ( &quot;Can't find the __fastcall
  Function!&quot; ); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>} <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>else ShowMessage ( &quot;Can't find the Dll!&quot;
  ); <br>
  } <br>
  <br>
  6. </span>静态调用例子<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 静态调用有点麻烦，从动态调用中可以知道导出函数的名字，但是直接时<span lang=EN-US>(</span>加入<span
  lang=EN-US> lib </span>文件到工程文件<span lang=EN-US>) <br>
  <br>
  Linker </span>提示不能找到函数的实现<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 从<span lang=EN-US> 4 </span>看出，可以加入<span lang=EN-US> def </span>文件连接<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US> (</span>可以通过<span lang=EN-US> impdef MyDll.def
  MyDll.dll </span>获得导出表<span lang=EN-US>) <br>
  </span>　 建立与<span lang=EN-US> DLL </span>文件名一样的<span lang=EN-US> def </span>文件与<span
  lang=EN-US> lib </span>文件一起加入到工程文件<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>　 上面的<span lang=EN-US> DLL(VCWIN32.dll) </span>的<span lang=EN-US> def </span>文件为<span
  lang=EN-US>(VCWIN32.def)</span>：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  LIBRARY</span>　<span lang=EN-US> VCWIN32.DLL <br>
  <br>
  IMPORTS <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>@BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall</span>　<span lang=EN-US> =
  VCWIN32.@BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall@0 <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>_BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl</span>　　<span lang=EN-US>=
  VCWIN32.BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall</span>　<span lang=EN-US> =
  VCWIN32._BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall@0 <br>
  <br>
  </span>对应的函数声明和实现如下：<span lang=EN-US> <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllimport) LPSTR __fastcall
  BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall(); <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllimport) LPSTR __cdecl
  BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl(); <br>
  extern &quot;C&quot; __declspec(dllimport) LPSTR __stdcall
  BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall(); <br>
  <br>
  void __fastcall TfrmStatic::btnLoadDllClick(TObject *Sender) <br>
  { <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage ( BCBLoadVCWin32Fastcall() ); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage ( BCBLoadVCWin32Cdecl() ); <br>
  </span>　<span lang=EN-US>ShowMessage ( BCBLoadVCWin32Stdcall() ); <br>
  } <br>
  </span>注意：在<span lang=EN-US> BCB 5.0 </span>中，可能直接按下<span lang=EN-US> F9 </span>是不能通过<span
  lang=EN-US> Linker </span>的，请先<span lang=EN-US> Build </span>一次<span
  lang=EN-US> <br>
  </span>注：上面的程序使用<span lang=EN-US> BCB 5.0 </span>与<span lang=EN-US> VC6.0 </span>编译成功<span
  lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
  </td>
  <td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
  <p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
  lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
  </td>
  <td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
  <p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
  lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

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