freebsd-glossary.html

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<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#HTML-GLOSSARY">HyperText Markup
Language</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>HUP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#HUP-GLOSSARY">HangUp</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="HUP-GLOSSARY" name="HUP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>HangUp</b></dt>

<dt>(HUP)</dt>

<dt><a id="HTML-GLOSSARY" name="HTML-GLOSSARY"></a><b>HyperText Markup Language</b></dt>

<dt>(HTML)</dt>

<dd>
<p>The markup language used to create web pages.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44594" name="AEN44594">I</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>I/O</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IO-GLOSSARY">Input/Output</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IASL</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IASL-GLOSSARY">Intel's <acronym
class="ACRONYM">ASL</acronym> compiler</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IMAP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IMAP-GLOSSARY">Internet Message Access
Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IP-GLOSSARY">Internet Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IPFW</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IPFW-GLOSSARY"><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Firewall</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IPP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IPP-GLOSSARY">Internet Printing
Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IPv4</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IPV4-GLOSSARY"><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Version 4</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>IPv6</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#IPV6-GLOSSARY"><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Version 6</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>ISP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#ISP-GLOSSARY">Internet Service
Provider</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="IPFW-GLOSSARY" name="IPFW-GLOSSARY"></a><b><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Firewall</b></dt>

<dt>(IPFW)</dt>

<dt><a id="IPV4-GLOSSARY" name="IPV4-GLOSSARY"></a><b><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Version 4</b></dt>

<dt>(IPv4)</dt>

<dt><a id="IPV6-GLOSSARY" name="IPV6-GLOSSARY"></a><b><acronym
class="ACRONYM">IP</acronym> Version 6</b></dt>

<dt>(IPv6)</dt>

<dt><a id="IO-GLOSSARY" name="IO-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Input/Output</b></dt>

<dt>(I/O)</dt>

<dt><a id="IASL-GLOSSARY" name="IASL-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Intel's <acronym
class="ACRONYM">ASL</acronym> compiler</b></dt>

<dt>(IASL)</dt>

<dd>
<p>Intel's compiler for converting <acronym class="ACRONYM">ASL</acronym> into <acronym
class="ACRONYM">AML</acronym>.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="IMAP-GLOSSARY" name="IMAP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Internet Message Access
Protocol</b></dt>

<dt>(IMAP)</dt>

<dt><a id="IPP-GLOSSARY" name="IPP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Internet Printing Protocol</b></dt>

<dt>(IPP)</dt>

<dt><a id="IP-GLOSSARY" name="IP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Internet Protocol</b></dt>

<dt>(IP)</dt>

<dt><a id="ISP-GLOSSARY" name="ISP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Internet Service Provider</b></dt>

<dt>(ISP)</dt>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44674" name="AEN44674">K</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><a id="KAME-GLOSSARY" name="KAME-GLOSSARY"></a><b>KAME</b></dt>

<dd>
<p>Japanese for ``turtle'', the term KAME is used in computing circles to refer to the <a
href="http://www.kame.net/" target="_top">KAME Project</a>, who work on an implementation
of <acronym class="ACRONYM">IPv6</acronym>.</p>
</dd>

<dt><b>KDC</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#KDC-GLOSSARY">Key Distribution
Center</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>KLD</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#KLD-GLOSSARY">Kernel <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ld</span>(1)</span></a></a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>KSE</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#KSE-GLOSSARY">Kernel Scheduler
Entities</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>KVA</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#KVA-GLOSSARY">Kernel Virtual
Address</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>Kbps</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#KBPS-GLOSSARY">Kilo Bits Per
Second</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="KLD-GLOSSARY" name="KLD-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Kernel <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">ld</span>(1)</span></a></b></dt>

<dt>(KLD)</dt>

<dt><a id="KSE-GLOSSARY" name="KSE-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Kernel Scheduler Entities</b></dt>

<dt>(KSE)</dt>

<dd>
<p>A kernel-supported threading system. See the <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/kse"
target="_top">project home page</a> for further details.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="KVA-GLOSSARY" name="KVA-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Kernel Virtual Address</b></dt>

<dt>(KVA)</dt>

<dt><a id="KDC-GLOSSARY" name="KDC-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Key Distribution Center</b></dt>

<dt>(KDC)</dt>

<dt><a id="KBPS-GLOSSARY" name="KBPS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Kilo Bits Per Second</b></dt>

<dt>(Kbps)</dt>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44727" name="AEN44727">L</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>LAN</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#LAN-GLOSSARY">Local Area Network</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>LOR</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#LOR-GLOSSARY">Lock Order Reversal</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>LPD</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#LPD-GLOSSARY">Line Printer Daemon</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="LPD-GLOSSARY" name="LPD-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Line Printer Daemon</b></dt>

<dt>(LPD)</dt>

<dt><a id="LAN-GLOSSARY" name="LAN-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Local Area Network</b></dt>

<dt>(LAN)</dt>

<dt><a id="LOR-GLOSSARY" name="LOR-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Lock Order Reversal</b></dt>

<dt>(LOR)</dt>

<dd>
<p>The FreeBSD kernel uses a number of resource locks to arbitrate contention for those
resources. A run-time lock diagnostic system found in FreeBSD-CURRENT kernels (but
removed for releases), called <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=witness&sektion=4"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">witness</span>(4)</span></a>, detects
the potential for deadlocks due to locking errors. (<a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=witness&sektion=4"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">witness</span>(4)</span></a> is actually
slightly conservative, so it is possible to get false positives.) A true positive report
indicates that ``if you were unlucky, a deadlock would have happened here''.</p>

<p>True positive LORs tend to get fixed quickly, so check
http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current and the <a
href="http://sources.zabbadoz.net/freebsd/lor.html" target="_top">LORs Seen</a> page
before posting to the mailing lists.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44762" name="AEN44762">M</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>MAC</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MAC-GLOSSARY">Mandatory Access
Control</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MADT</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MADT-GLOSSARY">Multiple <acronym
class="ACRONYM">APIC</acronym> Description Table</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MFC</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MFC-GLOSSARY">Merge From Current</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MFS</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MFS-GLOSSARY">Merge From Stable</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MIT</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MIT-GLOSSARY">Massachusetts Institute of
Technology</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MLS</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MLS-GLOSSARY">Multi-Level
Security</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MOTD</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MOTD-GLOSSARY">Message Of The Day</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MTA</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MTA-GLOSSARY">Mail Transfer Agent</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>MUA</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MUA-GLOSSARY">Mail User Agent</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="MTA-GLOSSARY" name="MTA-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Mail Transfer Agent</b></dt>

<dt>(MTA)</dt>

<dt><a id="MUA-GLOSSARY" name="MUA-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Mail User Agent</b></dt>

<dt>(MUA)</dt>

<dt><a id="MAC-GLOSSARY" name="MAC-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Mandatory Access Control</b></dt>

<dt>(MAC)</dt>

<dt><a id="MIT-GLOSSARY" name="MIT-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Massachusetts Institute of
Technology</b></dt>

<dt>(MIT)</dt>

<dt><a id="MFC-GLOSSARY" name="MFC-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Merge From Current</b></dt>

<dt>(MFC)</dt>

<dd>
<p>To merge functionality or a patch from the -CURRENT branch to another, most often
-STABLE.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="MFS-GLOSSARY" name="MFS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Merge From Stable</b></dt>

<dt>(MFS)</dt>

<dd>
<p>In the normal course of FreeBSD development, a change will be committed to the
-CURRENT branch for testing before being merged to -STABLE. On rare occasions, a change
will go into -STABLE first and then be merged to -CURRENT.</p>

<p>This term is also used when a patch is merged from -STABLE to a security branch.</p>

<p><em>See Also:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#MFC-GLOSSARY">Merge From
Current</a>.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="MOTD-GLOSSARY" name="MOTD-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Message Of The Day</b></dt>

<dt>(MOTD)</dt>

<dd>
<p>A message, usually shown on login, often used to distribute information to users of
the system.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="MLS-GLOSSARY" name="MLS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Multi-Level Security</b></dt>

<dt>(MLS)</dt>

<dt><a id="MADT-GLOSSARY" name="MADT-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Multiple <acronym
class="ACRONYM">APIC</acronym> Description Table</b></dt>

<dt>(MADT)</dt>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44839" name="AEN44839">N</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>NAT</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#NAT-GLOSSARY">Network Address
Translation</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>NDISulator</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PROJECTEVIL-GLOSSARY">Project
Evil</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>NFS</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#NFS-GLOSSARY">Network File System</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>NTFS</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#NTFS-GLOSSARY">New Technology File
System</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>NTP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#NTP-GLOSSARY">Network Time
Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="NAT-GLOSSARY" name="NAT-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Network Address Translation</b></dt>

<dt>(NAT)</dt>

<dt><a id="NFS-GLOSSARY" name="NFS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Network File System</b></dt>

<dt>(NFS)</dt>

<dt><a id="NTFS-GLOSSARY" name="NTFS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>New Technology File System</b></dt>

<dt>(NTFS)</dt>

<dd>
<p>A filesystem developed by Microsoft and available in its ``New Technology'' operating
systems, such as <span class="TRADEMARK">Windows</span>&reg;&nbsp;2000, <span
class="TRADEMARK">Windows&nbsp;NT</span>&reg; and <span
class="TRADEMARK">Windows</span>&nbsp;XP.</p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="NTP-GLOSSARY" name="NTP-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Network Time Protocol</b></dt>

<dt>(NTP)</dt>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44880" name="AEN44880">O</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>OBE</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#OBE-GLOSSARY">Overtaken By Events</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>ODMR</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#ODMR-GLOSSARY">On-Demand Mail
Relay</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>OS</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#OS-GLOSSARY">Operating System</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><a id="ODMR-GLOSSARY" name="ODMR-GLOSSARY"></a><b>On-Demand Mail Relay</b></dt>

<dt>(ODMR)</dt>

<dt><a id="OS-GLOSSARY" name="OS-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Operating System</b></dt>

<dt>(OS)</dt>

<dt><a id="OBE-GLOSSARY" name="OBE-GLOSSARY"></a><b>Overtaken By Events</b></dt>

<dt>(OBE)</dt>

<dd>
<p>Indicates a suggested change (such as a Problem Report or a feature request) which is
no longer relevant or applicable due to such things as later changes to FreeBSD, changes
in networking standards, the affected hardware having since become obsolete, and so
forth.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>

<div class="GLOSSDIV">
<h1 class="GLOSSDIV"><a id="AEN44906" name="AEN44906">P</a></h1>

<dl>
<dt><b>PAE</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PAE-GLOSSARY">Physical Address
Extensions</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PAM</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PAM-GLOSSARY">Pluggable Authentication
Modules</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PAP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PAP-GLOSSARY">Password Authentication
Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PC</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PC-GLOSSARY">Personal Computer</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PCNSFD</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PCNFSD-GLOSSARY">Personal Computer
Network File System Daemon</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PDF</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PDF-GLOSSARY">Portable Document
Format</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>PID</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#PID-GLOSSARY">Process ID</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>POLA</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#POLA-GLOSSARY">Principle Of Least
Astonishment</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>POP</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#POP-GLOSSARY">Post Office
Protocol</a></p>
</dd>

<dt><b>POP3</b></dt>

<dd>
<p><em>See:</em> <a href="freebsd-glossary.html#POP3-GLOSSARY">Post Office Protocol
Version 3</a></p>
</dd>