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<h4 class="SECT4"><a id="VIDEO-MPLAYER-BUILDING" name="VIDEO-MPLAYER-BUILDING">7.4.2.1.1
Building MPlayer</a></h4>

<p><b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> resides in <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/mplayer/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/mplayer</tt></a>. <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> performs
a variety of hardware checks during the build process, resulting in a binary which will
not be portable from one system to another. Therefore, it is important to build it from
ports and not to use a binary package. Additionally, a number of options can be specified
in the <tt class="COMMAND">make</tt> command line, as described in the <tt
class="FILENAME">Makefile</tt> and at the start of the build:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make</kbd>
N - O - T - E

Take a careful look into the Makefile in order
to learn how to tune mplayer towards you personal preferences!
For example,
make WITH_GTK1
builds MPlayer with GTK1-GUI support.
If you want to use the GUI, you can either install
/usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer-skins
or download official skin collections from
http://www.mplayerhq.hu/homepage/dload.html
</pre>

<p>The default port options should be sufficient for most users. However, if you need the
XviD codec, you have to specify the <tt class="MAKEVAR">WITH_XVID</tt> option in the
command line. The default DVD device can also be defined with the <tt
class="MAKEVAR">WITH_DVD_DEVICE</tt> option, by default <tt
class="FILENAME">/dev/acd0</tt> will be used.</p>

<p>As of this writing, the <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> port will build its HTML
documentation and two executables, <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt>, and <tt
class="COMMAND">mencoder</tt>, which is a tool for re-encoding video.</p>

<p>The HTML documentation for <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> is very informative. If
the reader finds the information on video hardware and interfaces in this chapter
lacking, the <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> documentation is a very thorough
supplement. You should definitely take the time to read the <b
class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> documentation if you are looking for information about
video support in <span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span>.</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT4">
<h4 class="SECT4"><a id="VIDEO-MPLAYER-USING" name="VIDEO-MPLAYER-USING">7.4.2.1.2 Using
MPlayer</a></h4>

<p>Any user of <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> must set up a <tt
class="FILENAME">.mplayer</tt> subdirectory of her home directory. To create this
necessary subdirectory, you can type the following:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/ports/multimedia/mplayer</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make install-user</kbd>
</pre>

<p>The command options for <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt> are listed in the manual
page. For even more detail there is HTML documentation. In this section, we will describe
only a few common uses.</p>

<p>To play a file, such as <tt class="FILENAME"><var
class="REPLACEABLE">testfile.avi</var></tt>, through one of the various video interfaces
set the <var class="OPTION">-vo</var> option:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo xv testfile.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo sdl testfile.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo x11 testfile.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo dga testfile.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo 'sdl:dga' testfile.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<p>It is worth trying all of these options, as their relative performance depends on many
factors and will vary significantly with hardware.</p>

<p>To play from a DVD, replace the <tt class="FILENAME">testfile.avi</tt> with <var
class="OPTION">dvd://<var class="REPLACEABLE">N</var> -dvd-device <var
class="REPLACEABLE">DEVICE</var></var> where <var class="REPLACEABLE">N</var> is the
title number to play and <tt class="FILENAME"><var class="REPLACEABLE">DEVICE</var></tt>
is the device node for the DVD-ROM. For example, to play title 3 from <tt
class="FILENAME">/dev/dvd</tt>:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">mplayer -vo xv dvd://3 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</kbd>
</pre>

<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> The default DVD device can be defined during the build of the <b
class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> port via the <tt class="MAKEVAR">WITH_DVD_DEVICE</tt>
option. By default, this device is <tt class="FILENAME">/dev/acd0</tt>. More details can
be found in the port <tt class="FILENAME">Makefile</tt>.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>

<p>To stop, pause, advance and so on, consult the keybindings, which are output by
running <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer -h</tt> or read the manual page.</p>

<p>Additional important options for playback are: <var class="OPTION">-fs -zoom</var>
which engages the fullscreen mode and <var class="OPTION">-framedrop</var> which helps
performance.</p>

<p>In order for the mplayer command line to not become too large, the user can create a
file <tt class="FILENAME">.mplayer/config</tt> and set default options there:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
vo=xv
fs=yes
zoom=yes
</pre>

<p>Finally, <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt> can be used to rip a DVD title into a <tt
class="FILENAME">.vob</tt> file. To dump out the second title from a DVD, type this:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">mplayer -dumpstream -dumpfile out.vob dvd://2 -dvd-device /dev/dvd</kbd>
</pre>

<p>The output file, <tt class="FILENAME">out.vob</tt>, will be MPEG and can be
manipulated by the other packages described in this section.</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT4">
<h4 class="SECT4"><a id="VIDEO-MENCODER" name="VIDEO-MENCODER">7.4.2.1.3
mencoder</a></h4>

<p>Before using <tt class="COMMAND">mencoder</tt> it is a good idea to familiarize
yourself with the options from the HTML documentation. There is a manual page, but it is
not very useful without the HTML documentation. There are innumerable ways to improve
quality, lower bitrate, and change formats, and some of these tricks may make the
difference between good or bad performance. Here are a couple of examples to get you
going. First a simple copy:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">mencoder input.avi -oac copy -ovc copy -o output.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Improper combinations of command line options can yield output files that are
unplayable even by <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt>. Thus, if you just want to rip to a
file, stick to the <var class="OPTION">-dumpfile</var> in <tt
class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt>.</p>

<p>To convert <tt class="FILENAME">input.avi</tt> to the MPEG4 codec with MPEG3 audio
encoding (<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/audio/lame/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">audio/lame</tt></a> is required):</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">mencoder input.avi -oac mp3lame -lameopts br=192 \
     -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vhq -o output.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<p>This has produced output playable by <tt class="COMMAND">mplayer</tt> and <tt
class="COMMAND">xine</tt>.</p>

<p><tt class="FILENAME">input.avi</tt> can be replaced with <var class="OPTION">dvd://1
-dvd-device /dev/dvd</var> and run as <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt> to re-encode a DVD
title directly. Since you are likely to be dissatisfied with your results the first time
around, it is recommended you dump the title to a file and work on the file.</p>
</div>
</div>

<div class="SECT3">
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="VIDEO-XINE" name="VIDEO-XINE">7.4.2.2 The xine Video
Player</a></h3>

<p>The <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> video player is a project of wide scope aiming not
only at being an all in one video solution, but also in producing a reusable base library
and a modular executable which can be extended with plugins. It comes both as a package
and as a port, <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/xine/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/xine</tt></a>.</p>

<p>The <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> player is still very rough around the edges, but
it is clearly off to a good start. In practice, <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> requires
either a fast CPU with a fast video card, or support for the XVideo extension. The GUI is
usable, but a bit clumsy.</p>

<p>As of this writing, there is no input module shipped with <b
class="APPLICATION">xine</b> which will play CSS encoded DVD's. There are third party
builds which do have modules for this built in them, but none of these are in the FreeBSD
Ports Collection.</p>

<p>Compared to <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b>, <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> does
more for the user, but at the same time, takes some of the more fine-grained control away
from the user. The <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> video player performs best on XVideo
interfaces.</p>

<p>By default, <b class="APPLICATION">xine</b> player will start up in a graphical user
interface. The menus can then be used to open a specific file:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">xine</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Alternatively, it may be invoked to play a file immediately without the GUI with the
command:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">xine -g -p mymovie.avi</kbd>
</pre>
</div>

<div class="SECT3">
<h3 class="SECT3"><a id="VIDEO-PORTS-TRANSCODE" name="VIDEO-PORTS-TRANSCODE">7.4.2.3 The
transcode Utilities</a></h3>

<p>The software <b class="APPLICATION">transcode</b> is not a player, but a suite of
tools for re-encoding <tt class="FILENAME">.avi</tt> and <tt class="FILENAME">.mpg</tt>
files. With <b class="APPLICATION">transcode</b>, one has the ability to merge video
files, repair broken files, using command line tools with <tt
class="FILENAME">stdin/stdout</tt> stream interfaces.</p>

<p>Like <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b>, <b class="APPLICATION">transcode</b> is very
experimental software which must be build from the port <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/transcode/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/transcode</tt></a>. Using a great many options to the <tt
class="COMMAND">make</tt> command. We recommend:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make WITH_LIBMPEG2=yes</kbd>
</pre>

<p>If you plan to install <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/avifile/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/avifile</tt></a>, then add the <var
class="LITERAL">WITH_AVIFILE</var> option to your <tt class="COMMAND">make</tt> command
line, as shown here:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">make WITH_AVIFILE=yes WITH_LIBMPEG2=yes</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Here are two examples of using <tt class="COMMAND">transcode</tt> for video conversion
which produce rescaled output. The first encodes the output to an openDIVX AVI file,
while the second encodes to the much more portable MPEG format.</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">transcode -i input.vob -x vob -V -Z 320x240 \
-y opendivx -N 0x55 -o output.avi</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">transcode -i input.vob -x vob -V -Z 320x240 \
-y mpeg -N 0x55 -o output.tmp</kbd>
<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">tcmplex -o output.mpg -i output.tmp.m1v -p output.tmp.mpa -m 1</kbd>
</pre>

<p>There is a manual page for <tt class="COMMAND">transcode</tt>, but there is little
documentation for the various <tt class="COMMAND">tc*</tt> utilities (such as <tt
class="COMMAND">tcmplex</tt>) which are also installed. However, the <var
class="OPTION">-h</var> command line option can always be given to get curt usage
instructions for a command.</p>

<p>In comparison, <tt class="COMMAND">transcode</tt> runs significantly slower than <tt
class="COMMAND">mencoder</tt>, but it has a better chance of producing a more widely
playable file. MPEGs created by <tt class="COMMAND">transcode</tt> have been known to
play on <b class="APPLICATION"><span class="TRADEMARK">Windows Media</span>&reg;
Player</b> and Apple's <b class="APPLICATION"><span
class="TRADEMARK">Quicktime</span>&reg;</b>, for example.</p>
</div>
</div>

<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="VIDEO-FURTHER-READING" name="VIDEO-FURTHER-READING">7.4.3
Further Reading</a></h2>

<p>The various video software packages for FreeBSD are developing rapidly. It is quite
possible that in the near future many of the problems discussed here will have been
resolved. In the mean time, those who want to get the very most out of FreeBSD's A/V
capabilities will have to cobble together knowledge from several FAQs and tutorials and
use a few different applications. This section exists to give the reader pointers to such
additional information.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/" target="_top">MPlayer documentation</a> is
very technically informative. These documents should probably be consulted by anyone
wishing to obtain a high level of expertise with <span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span>
video. The <b class="APPLICATION">MPlayer</b> mailing list is hostile to anyone who has
not bothered to read the documentation, so if you plan on making bug reports to them,
RTFM.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://dvd.sourceforge.net/xine-howto/en_GB/html/howto.html"
target="_top">xine HOWTO</a> contains a chapter on performance improvement which is
general to all players.</p>

<p>Finally, there are some other promising applications which the reader may try:</p>

<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">Avifile</a> which is also a
port <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/avifile/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/avifile</tt></a>.</p>
</li>

<li>
<p><a href="http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/groups/dvd/" target="_top">Ogle</a> which is also
a port <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/ogle/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/ogle</tt></a>.</p>
</li>

<li>
<p><a href="http://xtheater.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">Xtheater</a></p>
</li>

<li>
<p><a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/multimedia/dvdauthor/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">multimedia/dvdauthor</tt></a>, an open source package for authoring DVD
content.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>

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