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<p>Soft limits, on the other hand, can be exceeded for a limited amount of time. This
period of time is known as the grace period, which is one week by default. If a user
stays over his or her soft limit longer than the grace period, the soft limit will turn
into a hard limit and no further allocations will be allowed. When the user drops back
below the soft limit, the grace period will be reset.</p>

<p>The following is an example of what you might see when you run the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">edquota</span>(8)</span></a> command.
When the <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">edquota</span>(8)</span></a> command is
invoked, you are placed into the editor specified by the <tt class="ENVAR">EDITOR</tt>
environment variable, or in the <b class="APPLICATION">vi</b> editor if the <tt
class="ENVAR">EDITOR</tt> variable is not set, to allow you to edit the quota limits.</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">edquota -u test</kbd>
</pre>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
Quotas for user test:
/usr: blocks in use: 65, limits (soft = 50, hard = 75)
        inodes in use: 7, limits (soft = 50, hard = 60)
/usr/var: blocks in use: 0, limits (soft = 50, hard = 75)
        inodes in use: 0, limits (soft = 50, hard = 60)
</pre>

<p>You will normally see two lines for each file system that has quotas enabled. One line
for the block limits, and one line for inode limits. Simply change the value you want
updated to modify the quota limit. For example, to raise this user's block limit from a
soft limit of 50 and a hard limit of 75 to a soft limit of 500 and a hard limit of 600,
change:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
/usr: blocks in use: 65, limits (soft = 50, hard = 75)
</pre>

<p>to:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
 /usr: blocks in use: 65, limits (soft = 500, hard = 600)
</pre>

<p>The new quota limits will be in place when you exit the editor.</p>

<p>Sometimes it is desirable to set quota limits on a range of UIDs. This can be done by
use of the <var class="OPTION">-p</var> option on the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">edquota</span>(8)</span></a> command.
First, assign the desired quota limit to a user, and then run <tt class="COMMAND">edquota
-p protouser startuid-enduid</tt>. For example, if user <tt class="USERNAME">test</tt>
has the desired quota limits, the following command can be used to duplicate those quota
limits for UIDs 10,000 through 19,999:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">edquota -p test 10000-19999</kbd>
</pre>

<p>For more information see <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">edquota</span>(8)</span></a> manual
page.</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN25668" name="AEN25668">16.14.3 Checking Quota Limits and Disk
Usage</a></h2>

<p>You can use either the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=quota&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">quota</span>(1)</span></a> or the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=repquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">repquota</span>(8)</span></a> commands
to check quota limits and disk usage. The <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=quota&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">quota</span>(1)</span></a> command can
be used to check individual user or group quotas and disk usage. A user may only examine
his own quota, and the quota of a group he is a member of. Only the super-user may view
all user and group quotas. The <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=repquota&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">repquota</span>(8)</span></a> command
can be used to get a summary of all quotas and disk usage for file systems with quotas
enabled.</p>

<p>The following is some sample output from the <tt class="COMMAND">quota -v</tt> command
for a user that has quota limits on two file systems.</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
Disk quotas for user test (uid 1002):
     Filesystem  blocks   quota   limit   grace   files   quota   limit   grace
           /usr      65*     50      75   5days       7      50      60
       /usr/var       0      50      75               0      50      60
</pre>

<p>On the <tt class="FILENAME">/usr</tt> file system in the above example, this user is
currently 15 blocks over the soft limit of 50 blocks and has 5 days of the grace period
left. Note the asterisk <var class="LITERAL">*</var> which indicates that the user is
currently over his quota limit.</p>

<p>Normally file systems that the user is not using any disk space on will not show up in
the output from the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=quota&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">quota</span>(1)</span></a> command, even
if he has a quota limit assigned for that file system. The <var class="OPTION">-v</var>
option will display those file systems, such as the <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/var</tt>
file system in the above example.</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN25700" name="AEN25700">16.14.4 Quotas over NFS</a></h2>

<p>Quotas are enforced by the quota subsystem on the NFS server. The <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rpc.rquotad&sektion=8"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">rpc.rquotad</span>(8)</span></a> daemon
makes quota information available to the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=quota&sektion=1"><span
class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">quota</span>(1)</span></a> command on
NFS clients, allowing users on those machines to see their quota statistics.</p>

<p>Enable <tt class="COMMAND">rpc.rquotad</tt> in <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/inetd.conf</tt> like so:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
rquotad/1      dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/libexec/rpc.rquotad rpc.rquotad
</pre>

<p>Now restart <tt class="COMMAND">inetd</tt>:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd
class="USERINPUT">kill -HUP `cat /var/run/inetd.pid`</kbd>
</pre>
</div>
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