demogng.tex

关于自组织神经网络的一种新结构程序,并包含了其它几种神经网络的程序比较

%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/HCL_Voronoi.ps} \\[1mm]
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/NG.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/NGwCHL.ps} \\[1mm]
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/CHL_Signals.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/LBG_Delaunay.ps} \\[1mm]
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/GG.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=5.5cm,file=eps/SOM.ps}
%\caption{Example screenshots of the available models} 
%\end{center} 
%\end{figure}

\subsection{Drawing Area} \label{Drawing_Area}

\begin{figure}[htb]
  \begin{center}
    \epsfig{file=eps/DrawingArea.ps, width=\textwidth}
    \caption{Drawing Area}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

The drawing area shows the network for the selected algorithm. The
geometric figure in the background of the area reflects the
\hyperref
               % This will be highlighted in the hypertext version
{probability distribution}                      % argument #1
               % This will be shown in the printed version 
               % followed by a numeric reference ...      
{probability distribution (see Section }        % argument #2
               % ... followed by this text
{ for more information)}                % argument #3
               % This the common label 
{General_Options_PDM}. In every phase of the
algorithm you can select a node and drag it to an arbitrary location within
the drawing area.
Additional information is displayed in the corners of this region:

\begin{tabular}{ll}
upper left  & Number of input signals occured so far \\
upper right & Version number \\
lower left  & Number of nodes \\
lower right & Some additional information
\end{tabular}


\subsection{General Options}

\begin{figure}[htb]
  \begin{center}
    \epsfig{file=eps/options.ps, width=10cm}
    \caption{Options for all models}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

This region contains the non-specific parameters for all
algorithms. There are three kinds of interface elements: buttons,
checkboxes and pull-down-menus. 

\subsubsection{Buttons}
\begin{tabular}{lp{10cm}}
Start   &       Starts/Continues a stopped run. \\
Stop    &       Stops a calculation to modify parameters or move nodes
                (these modifications can also be done while the simulator
                runs).\\
Reset   &       Resets the algorithm, but leaves all parameters
                unchanged (to restart an 
                \hyperref
                % This will be highlighted in the hypertext version
                {algorithm with default parameters}  % argument #1
                % This will be shown in the printed version 
                % followed by a numeric reference ...      
                {algorithm with default parameters see Section } % argument #2
                % ... followed by this text
                { for more information} % argument #3
                % This the common label 
                {Network_Model}). 
\end{tabular}

\subsubsection{Checkboxes}

\newcommand{\pwidb}{0.32}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidb\textwidth}
  \mysepsf{eps/GNG_Teach.ps}
  \centerline{Teach mode}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidb\textwidth}
  \mysepsf{eps/HCL_Voronoi.ps}
  \centerline{Voronoi diagram}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidb\textwidth}
  \mysepsf{eps/ErrorGraph.ps}
  \centerline{Error graph}
\end{minipage}
\caption{Some examples for activated checkboxes.} 
\end{figure}


\begin{tabular}{lp{10cm}}
Teach   &       Toggles teach mode. In the teach mode the algorithm is slowed
                down and more information is displayed
                depending on the algorithm (default: off). \\ 
Signals &       Toggles display of signals. The most recently
                generated signals are shown (default: off). \\
Voronoi &       Toggles display of Voronoi diagram (default: off). \\
Delaunay &      Toggles display of Delaunay triangulation (default: off). \\
Error Graph &   Toggles the error graph. It is displayed in
                a separate window and shows the mean square error of the
                selected model (default: off). \\
Nodes &         Toggles display of nodes (default: on). \\
Edges &         Toggles display of edges (default: on). \\
Random Init &   If this is switched on, initial node positions can lie
                outside the region of positive probability density
                (default: off). \\
White &         Switches the background of the drawing area to white.
                This is useful for making hardcopies of the
                screen (default: off). \\
Sound   &       Toggles sound (default: off).
\end{tabular}

\subsubsection{Pull-Down Menus} \label{General_Options_PDM}

\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{minipage}[b]{2cm}
  \mynewsepsf{eps/Distributions.ps} \hfill
  \centerline{Probability Distribution}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.6cm}
  \mynewsepsf{eps/Nodes.ps} \hfill
  \centerline{(max.) Nodes}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.6cm}
  \mynewsepsf{eps/Display.ps} \hfill
  \centerline{Display}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{2cm}
  \mynewsepsf{eps/Speed.ps}
  \centerline{Speed}
\end{minipage}
\caption{General pull-down menus} 
\end{figure}

%\begin{figure}[htb]
%\begin{center}
%  \epsfig{width=2cm,file=eps/Distributions.ps} \hfill
%  \epsfig{width=0.6cm,file=eps/Nodes.ps} \hfill
%  \epsfig{width=0.6cm,file=eps/Display.ps} \hfill
%  \epsfig{width=2cm,file=eps/Speed.ps}
%\caption{General pull-down menus: probability distribution, nodes, display
%  and speed.} 
%\end{center} 
%\end{figure}

\begin{tabular}{lp{10cm}}
prob. Distrib.  &       Selects one of the available probability
                        distributions. The choosen distribution is
                        displayed in the
                        \hyperref
                % This will be highlighted in the hypertext version
                        {drawing area}  % argument #1
                % This will be shown in the printed version 
                % followed by a numeric reference ...      
                        {drawing area (see Section } % argument #2
                % ... followed by this text
                        { for more information)} % argument #3
                % This the common label 
                        {Drawing_Area}. The following
                        distributions are provided: The convex uniform ones
                        \textbf{Rectangle}, \textbf{Circle} and
                        \textbf{Ring}. 
                        The clustered uniform ones \textbf{UNI},
                        \textbf{Small Spirals},
                        \textbf{Large Spirals} and \textbf{UNIT}.
                        The non-uniform \textbf{HiLo Density}
                        which consists of a small and a large
                        rectangle. Each of these rectangles gets 50\% of
                        the signals.
                        The discrete distribution \textbf{Discrete},
                        which consists of 500 data vectors generated
                        from a number of Gaussian Kernels.

                        And the non-stationary uniform distributions
                        \textbf{Move \& Jump}, \textbf{Move}, \textbf{Jump} and
                        \textbf{Right MouseB}. The first three distributions
                        are moving automatically, for the last one click on the
                        right mouse button and place the distribution where you
                        want. Or hold the right mouse button and the
                        distribution will follow the mouse pointer.\\
(max.) Nodes    &       Selects the number of nodes (\textbf{Growing Neural
                        Gas} and \textbf{Growing Grid}: maximum number
                        of nodes). \\
Display         &       Selects the update interval for the display. \\
Speed           &       Selects an individual speed depending on the machine
                        and/or browser.

                        Select a slow speed for good interaction with
                        the program and slower program execution.

                        Select a fast speed for slow interaction and
                        fast program execution.

                        The most suitable setting depends on your
                        local hard- and software.
\end{tabular}

\newcommand{\pwidc}{0.32}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/UNI.ps}{2cm}
  \centerline{UNI}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/SmallSpirals.ps}{2cm}
  \centerline{Small Spirals}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Unit.ps}{2cm}
  \centerline{UNIT}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Rectangle.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{Rectangle}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/LargeSpirals.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{Large Spirals}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/HiLoDensity.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{HiLo Density}
   \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
 \mynewshepsf{eps/Circle.ps}{3.5cm}
  \centerline{Circle}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Ring.ps}{3.5cm}
  \centerline{Ring}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Discrete.ps}{3.5cm}
  \centerline{Discrete}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/MoveAndJump.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{Move \& Jump}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Move.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{Move}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{\pwidc\textwidth}
  \mynewshepsf{eps/Jump.ps}{2.5cm}
  \centerline{Jump}
  \medskip
\end{minipage}
\caption{Overview of the available probability distributions} 
\end{figure}

%\begin{figure}[htb]
%\begin{center}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2cm, file=eps/UNI.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2cm, file=eps/SmallSpirals.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2cm, file=eps/Unit.ps} \\[1mm]
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2.5cm, file=eps/Rectangle.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2.5cm, file=eps/LargeSpirals.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=2.5cm, file=eps/HiLoDensity.ps} \\[1mm]
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=3.5cm, file=eps/Circle.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=3.5cm, file=eps/Ring.ps}
%  \epsfig{width=3.5cm, height=3.5cm, file=eps/Discrete.ps}