模拟串口的程序.c

使用单片机管脚模拟串口通讯的源程序。使用KEIL C51语言编写,KEIL V7.0环境下编译通过。

//模拟串口的程序
//[日期：2006-1-5] 来源：lwlen的笔记  作者：lwlen [字体：大 中 小]  

　


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/*   21blog第一贴        */ 

/*   2005.1.05 BY 大狗*/ 

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// UART.C 
// 
// Generic software uart written in C, requiring a timer set to 3 times 
// the baud rate, and two software read/write pins for the receive and 
// transmit functions. 
// 
// * Received characters are buffered 
// * putchar(), getchar(), kbhit() and flush_input_buffer() are available 
// * There is a facility for background processing while waiting for input 
// 
// Colin Gittins, Software Engineer, Halliburton Energy Services 
// 
// The baud rate can be configured by changing the BAUD_RATE macro as 
// follows: 
// 
// #define BAUD_RATE 19200.0 
// 
// The function init_uart() must be called before any comms can take place 
// 
// Interface routines required: 
// 1. get_rx_pin_status() 
//    Returns 0 or 1 dependent on whether the receive pin is high or low. 
// 2. set_tx_pin_high() 
//    Sets the transmit pin to the high state. 
// 3. set_tx_pin_low() 
//    Sets the transmit pin to the low state. 
// 4. idle() 
//    Background functions to execute while waiting for input. 
// 5. timer_set( BAUD_RATE ) 
//    Sets the timer to 3 times the baud rate. 
// 6. set_timer_interrupt( timer_isr ) 
//    Enables the timer interrupt. 
// 
// Functions provided: 
// 1. void flush_input_buffer( void ) 
//    Clears the contents of the input buffer. 
// 2. char kbhit( void ) 
//    Tests whether an input character has been received. 
// 3. char getchar( void ) 
//    Reads a character from the input buffer, waiting if necessary. 
// 4. void turn_rx_on( void ) 
//    Turns on the receive function. 
// 5. void turn_rx_off( void ) 
//    Turns off the receive function. 
// 6. void putchar( char ) 
//    Writes a character to the serial port. 

#include <stdio.h> 

#define BAUD_RATE 19200.0 

#define IN_BUF_SIZE 256 

#define TRUE 1 
#define FALSE 0 

static unsigned char inbuf[IN_BUF_SIZE]; 
static unsigned char qin = 0; 
static unsigned char qout = 0; 

static char  flag_rx_waiting_for_stop_bit; 
static char  flag_rx_off; 
static char  rx_mask; 
static char  flag_rx_ready; 
static char  flag_tx_ready; 
static char  timer_rx_ctr; 
static char  timer_tx_ctr; 
static char  bits_left_in_rx; 
static char  bits_left_in_tx; 
static char  rx_num_of_bits; 
static char  tx_num_of_bits; 
static char internal_rx_buffer; 
static char internal_tx_buffer; 
static char user_tx_buffer; 

void timer_isr(void) 
{ 
char mask, start_bit, flag_in; 

// Transmitter Section 
if ( flag_tx_ready ) 
{ 
if ( --timer_tx_ctr<=0 ) 
{ 
mask = internal_tx_buffer&1; 
internal_tx_buffer >>= 1; 
if ( mask ) 
{ 
set_tx_pin_high(); 
} 
else 
{ 
set_tx_pin_low(); 
} 
timer_tx_ctr = 3; 
if ( --bits_left_in_tx<=0 ) 
{ 
flag_tx_ready = FALSE; 
} 
} 
} 
// Receiver Section 
if ( flag_rx_off==FALSE ) 
{ 
if ( flag_rx_waiting_for_stop_bit ) 
{ 
if ( --timer_rx_ctr<=0 ) 
{ 
flag_rx_waiting_for_stop_bit = FALSE; 
flag_rx_ready = FALSE; 
internal_rx_buffer &= 0xFF; 
if ( internal_rx_buffer!=0xC2 ) 
{ 
inbuf[qin] =  
internal_rx_buffer; 
if ( ++qin>=IN_BUF_SIZE ) 
{ 
qin = 0; 
} 
} 
} 
} 
else // rx_test_busy 
{ 
if ( flag_rx_ready==FALSE ) 
{ 
start_bit = get_rx_pin_status(); 
// Test for Start Bit 
if ( start_bit==0 ) 
{ 
flag_rx_ready = TRUE; 
internal_rx_buffer = 0; 
timer_rx_ctr = 4; 
bits_left_in_rx =  
rx_num_of_bits; 
rx_mask = 1; 
} 
} 
else // rx_busy 
{ 
if ( --timer_rx_ctr<=0 ) 
{  
// rcv 
timer_rx_ctr = 3; 
flag_in =  
get_rx_pin_status(); 
if ( flag_in ) 
{ 

internal_rx_buffer |= rx_mask; 
} 
rx_mask <<= 1; 
if ( -- 
bits_left_in_rx<=0 ) 
{ 

flag_rx_waiting_for_stop_bit = TRUE; 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 

void init_uart( void ) 
{ 
flag_tx_ready = FALSE; 
flag_rx_ready = FALSE; 
flag_rx_waiting_for_stop_bit = FALSE; 
flag_rx_off = FALSE; 
rx_num_of_bits = 10; 
tx_num_of_bits = 10; 

set_tx_pin_low(); 

timer_set( BAUD_RATE ); 
set_timer_interrupt( timer_isr );  // Enable timer interrupt 
} 

char _getchar( void ) 
{ 
char ch; 

do 
{ 
while ( qout==qin ) 
{ 
idle(); 
} 
ch = inbuf[qout] & 0xFF; 
if ( ++qout>=IN_BUF_SIZE ) 
{ 
qout = 0; 
} 
} 
while ( ch==0x0A || ch==0xC2 ); 
return( ch ); 
} 

void _putchar( char ch ) 
{ 
while ( flag_tx_ready ); 
user_tx_buffer = ch; 

// invoke_UART_transmit 
timer_tx_ctr = 3; 
bits_left_in_tx = tx_num_of_bits; 
internal_tx_buffer = (user_tx_buffer<<1) | 0x200; 
flag_tx_ready = TRUE; 
} 

void flush_input_buffer( void ) 
{ 
qin = 0; 
qout = 0; 
} 

char kbhit( void ) 
{ 
return( qin!=qout ); 
} 

void turn_rx_on( void ) 
{ 
flag_rx_off = FALSE; 
} 

void turn_rx_off( void ) 
{ 
flag_rx_off = TRUE; 
}