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<h5 class="subsubsection">Input section wildcard patterns</h5>



   <p>In an input section description, either the file name or the section

name or both may be wildcard patterns.



   <p>The file name of <code>*</code> seen in many examples is a simple wildcard

pattern for the file name.



   <p>The wildcard patterns are like those used by the Unix shell.



     <dl>

<dt><code>*</code>

     <dd>matches any number of characters

<br><dt><code>?</code>

     <dd>matches any single character

<br><dt><code>[</code><var>chars</var><code>]</code>

     <dd>matches a single instance of any of the <var>chars</var>; the <code>-</code>

character may be used to specify a range of characters, as in

<code>[a-z]</code> to match any lower case letter

<br><dt><code>\</code>

     <dd>quotes the following character

</dl>



   <p>When a file name is matched with a wildcard, the wildcard characters

will not match a <code>/</code> character (used to separate directory names on

Unix).  A pattern consisting of a single <code>*</code> character is an

exception; it will always match any file name, whether it contains a

<code>/</code> or not.  In a section name, the wildcard characters will match

a <code>/</code> character.



   <p>File name wildcard patterns only match files which are explicitly

specified on the command line or in an <code>INPUT</code> command.  The linker

does not search directories to expand wildcards.



   <p>If a file name matches more than one wildcard pattern, or if a file name

appears explicitly and is also matched by a wildcard pattern, the linker

will use the first match in the linker script.  For example, this

sequence of input section descriptions is probably in error, because the

<code>data.o</code> rule will not be used:

<pre class="smallexample">     .data : { *(.data) }

     .data1 : { data.o(.data) }

     </pre>



   <p>Normally, the linker will place files and sections matched by wildcards

in the order in which they are seen during the link.  You can change

this by using the <code>SORT</code> keyword, which appears before a wildcard

pattern in parentheses (e.g., <code>SORT(.text*)</code>).  When the

<code>SORT</code> keyword is used, the linker will sort the files or sections

into ascending order by name before placing them in the output file.



   <p>If you ever get confused about where input sections are going, use the

<code>-M</code> linker option to generate a map file.  The map file shows

precisely how input sections are mapped to output sections.



   <p>This example shows how wildcard patterns might be used to partition

files.  This linker script directs the linker to place all <code>.text</code>

sections in <code>.text</code> and all <code>.bss</code> sections in <code>.bss</code>. 

The linker will place the <code>.data</code> section from all files beginning

with an upper case character in <code>.DATA</code>; for all other files, the

linker will place the <code>.data</code> section in <code>.data</code>.

<pre class="smallexample">     SECTIONS {

       .text : { *(.text) }

       .DATA : { [A-Z]*(.data) }

       .data : { *(.data) }

       .bss : { *(.bss) }

     }

     </pre>



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