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<h3 class="section">Input Files</h3>



   <p>We use the phrase <dfn>source program</dfn>, abbreviated <dfn>source</dfn>, to

describe the program input to one run of <code>as</code>.  The program may

be in one or more files; how the source is partitioned into files

doesn't change the meaning of the source.



   <p>The source program is a concatenation of the text in all the files, in the

order specified.



   <p>Each time you run <code>as</code> it assembles exactly one source

program.  The source program is made up of one or more files. 

(The standard input is also a file.)



   <p>You give <code>as</code> a command line that has zero or more input file

names.  The input files are read (from left file name to right).  A

command line argument (in any position) that has no special meaning

is taken to be an input file name.



   <p>If you give <code>as</code> no file names it attempts to read one input file

from the <code>as</code> standard input, which is normally your terminal.  You

may have to type &lt;ctl-D&gt; to tell <code>as</code> there is no more program

to assemble.



   <p>Use <code>--</code> if you need to explicitly name the standard input file

in your command line.



   <p>If the source is empty, <code>as</code> produces a small, empty object

file.



<h4 class="subheading">Filenames and Line-numbers</h4>



   <p>There are two ways of locating a line in the input file (or files) and

either may be used in reporting error messages.  One way refers to a line

number in a physical file; the other refers to a line number in a

"logical" file.  See <a href="Errors.html#Errors">Error and Warning Messages</a>.



   <p><dfn>Physical files</dfn> are those files named in the command line given

to <code>as</code>.



   <p><dfn>Logical files</dfn> are simply names declared explicitly by assembler

directives; they bear no relation to physical files.  Logical file names help

error messages reflect the original source file, when <code>as</code> source

is itself synthesized from other files.  <code>as</code> understands the

<code>#</code> directives emitted by the <code>gcc</code> preprocessor.  See also

<a href="File.html#File"><code>.file</code></a>.



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