rar.txt

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            Switch -tsm instructs RAR to save file modification time,
            -tsc - creation time and tsa - last access time. Optional
            parameter after the switch is the number between 0 and 4
            controlling the file time precision. Value '1' enables
            1 second precision, 2 - 0.0065536 sec, 3 - 0.0000256 sec and
            4 or '+' enables the maximum NTFS time precision, which is
            equal to 0.0000001 sec. Value '0' or '-' means that creation
            and access time are not saved and low (two seconds) precision
            is used for modification time. Higher precision modes add
            more data to archive, up to 19 additional bytes per file
            in case of -tsm4 -tsa4 -tsc4 combination. If no precision
            is specified, RAR uses '4' (high) value.

            Default RAR mode is -tsm4 -tsc0 -tsa0, so modification time
            is stored with the high precision and other times are ignored.

            It is necessary to specify -tsc and -tsa switches to set
            creation and access time when unpacking files (precision
            is irrelevant, but must not be 0). By default RAR sets
            only the modification time, even if archive contains
            creation and last access time. Setting the modification
            time to unpacked files may be also disabled with -tsm-.

            It is possible to omit the time type letter if you need
            to apply the switch to all three times. For example,
            -tsm4 -tsa4 -tsc4 can be replaced by -ts4, -ts+ or -ts.
            Use -ts- to save only the low precision modification time
            or to ignore all three file times on unpacking.

            When creating an archive, RAR automatically reduces
            the precision if high mode is not supported by the file
            system. It is not more than 2 seconds on FAT and 1 second
            in Unix. NTFS time precision is 0.0000001 second.

            Operating systems limit which time can be set on unpacking.
            Windows allows to set all three times, Unix - modification
            and last access, but not creation, DOS supports only
            the modification time.

            Examples:

            1) rar a -ts backup

            Store all file times with the highest possible precision.

            2) rar x -tsa backup

            Restore modification and last access time. Switch -tsm
            is not required, because RAR uses it by default.

            3) rar a -tsm1 -tsc1 backup

            Store low precision modification and creation time.
            Without -tsm1 RAR would save the high precision modification
            time.


    -u      Update files. May be used with archive extraction or creation.
            The command string "a -u" is equivalent to the command 'u', you
            could also use the switch '-u' with the commands 'm' or 'mf'. If
            the switch '-u' is used with the commands 'x' or 'e', then files
            not present on the disk and files newer than their copies on the
            disk would extracted from the archive.


    -v      Create volumes with size autodetection or list all volumes

            This switch may be used when creating or listing volumes.

            In the first case it enables volume size autodetection,
            so new volumes will use all available space on the destination
            media. It is convenient when creating volumes on removable
            disks. You may read more about volumes in -v<size> description.

            In the second case, when this switch is used together with
            'V' or 'L' command, it forces RAR to list contents of all
            volumes starting from that specified in the command line.
            Without this switch RAR displays contents of only one single
            specified volume.


    -v<size>[k|b|f|m|M|g|G]
            Create volumes with size=<size>*1000 [*1024 | *1].
            By default this switch uses <size> as thousands (1000) of bytes
            (not 1024 x bytes). You may also enter the size in kilobytes
            using the symbol 'k', in bytes using the symbol 'b',
            megabytes - 'm', millions of bytes - 'M', gigabytes - 'g',
            billions (milliards) of bytes - 'G' or select one of several
            predefined values using the symbol 'f' following the numerical
            value. Predefined values can be 360, 720, 1200, 1440 or 2880
            and replaced with corresponding floppy disk size.

            If the size is omitted, autodetection will be used.

            You may specify several -v switches to set different sizes
            for different volumes. For example:

              rar a -v100k -v200k -v300k arcname

            sets 100 KB size for first volume, 200 KB for second
            and 300 KB for all following volumes.

            If volumes are created on removable media, then after
            the creation of the first volume, the user will be prompted
            with:

              Create next volume: Yes/No/All

            At this moment in time, you should change the disks. Answering
            'A' will cause all volumes to be created without a pause.

            By default RAR volumes have names like 'volname.partNNN.rar',
            where NNN is the volume number. Using -vn switch it is 
            possible to switch to another, extension based naming scheme,
            where the first volume file in a multi-volume set has
            the extension .rar, following volumes are numbered from .r00
            to .r99.

            When extracting or testing a multi-volume archive you must use
            only the first volume name. If there is no next volume
            on the drive and the disk is removable, the user will be
            prompted with:

             Insert disk with <next volume name>

            Insert the disk with the correct volume and press any key.

            If while extracting, the next volume is not found and volumes
            are placed on the non-removable disk, RAR will abort with
            the error message:

             Cannot find <volume name>

            Archive volumes may not be modified. The commands 'd', 'f', 'u',
            's' cannot be used with Multi-volume sets. The command 'a' may
            be used only for the creation of a new multi-volume sequence.

            It is possible, although unlikely, that the file size, of a file
            in a multi-volume set, could be greater than its uncompressed
            size. This is due to the fact that 'storing' (no compression if
            size increases) cannot be enabled for multi-volume sets.

            Archive volumes may be Self-Extracting (SFX). Such an archive
            should be created using both the '-v' and '-sfx' switches.

            Example:

            create archive in volumes of fixed size:

            rar a -s -v1440 floparch.rar *.*

            will create solid volumes of size 1440000 bytes.


    -vd     Erase disk contents before creating volume

            All files and directories on the target disk will be erased
            when '-vd' is used.  The switch applies only to removable
            media, the hard disk cannot be erased using this switch.


    -ver[n] File version control

            Forces RAR to keep previous file versions when updating
            files in the already existing archive. Old versions are
            renamed to 'filename;n', where 'n' is the version number.

            By default, when unpacking an archive without the switch
            -ver, RAR extracts only the last added file version, the name
            of which does not include a numeric suffix. But if you specify
            a file name exactly, including a version, it will be also
            unpacked. For example, 'rar x arcname' will unpack only
            last versions, when 'rar x arcname file.txt;5' will unpack
            'file.txt;5', if it is present in the archive.

            If you specify -ver switch without a parameter when unpacking,
            RAR will extract all versions of all files that match
            the entered file mask. In this case a version number is
            not removed from unpacked file names. You may also extract
            a concrete file version specifying its number as -ver parameter.
            It will tell RAR to unpack only this version and remove
            a version number from file names. For example,
            'rar x -ver5 arcname' will unpack only 5th file versions.

            If you specify 'n' parameter when archiving, it will limit
            the maximum number of file versions stored in the archive.
            Old file versions exceeding this threshold will be removed.


    -vn     Use the old style volume naming scheme

            By default RAR volumes have names like 'volname.partNNN.rar',
            where NNN is the volume number. Using -vn switch it is 
            possible to switch to another, extension based naming scheme,
            where the first volume file in a multi-volume set has
            the extension .rar, following volumes are numbered from .r00
            to .r99. It may have sense, if you are going to unpack
            an archive under the plain MS DOS, which does not allow
            more than one dot in a file name.


    -vp     Pause before each volume

            By default RAR asks for confirmation before creating or 
            unpacking next volume only for removable drives.
            This switch forces RAR to ask such confirmation always.
            It can be useful if disk space is limited and you wish
            to copy each volume to another media immediately after
            creation.


    -w<p>   Assign work directory as <p>. This switch may be used to assign
            the directory for temporary files.


    -x<f>   Exclude specified file <f>, wildcards may be used both
            in the name and file parts of file mask. You may specify
            the switch '-x' several times.

            If mask contains wildcards, it applies to current directory
            and its subdirectories. It is not recursive without wildcards,
            so if you wish to exclude some "filename" in all directories,
            you need to specify two masks: "filename" for current directory
            and "*\filename" for subdirectories. If you know an exact path
            to file, you can use "path\filename" syntax to exclude only
            this copy of "filename". If you use -xpath\filename syntax
            when unpacking an archive, "path" must be a path inside of
            archive, not a file path on the disk after unpacking.


            Examples:

            1) rar a -r -x*.bak -x*.rar rawfiles

            *.bak and *.rar files will not be added to rawfiles

            2) rar a -r -x*\temp\* savec c:\*

            compress all files on the disk c: except those in temp
            directories

            3) rar x -x*.txt docs

            extract all files except *.txt from docs.rar


    -x@<lf> Exclude files using specified list file.

            Example:

            rar a [e-mail] arch *.exe


    -y      Assume Yes on all queries.


    -z<f>   Read archive comment from file <f>.


 Limitations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~

    Pathname is limited to 259 symbols.

    Maximum archive comment length is 62000 bytes.

    Command limitations:

    The commands 'd','u','f','c','cf' will not operate with archive
    volumes.

    The command 'a' cannot be used to update an archive volume, only to
    create one.


 Exit values
 ~~~~~~~~~~~

    RAR exits with a zero code (0) in case of successful operation. The exit
    code of non-zero means the operation was cancelled due to an error:

     255   USER BREAK       User stopped the process

       9   CREATE ERROR     Create file error

       8   MEMORY ERROR     Not enough memory for operation

       7   USER ERROR       Command line option error

       6   OPEN ERROR       Open file error

       5   WRITE ERROR      Write to disk error

       4   LOCKED ARCHIVE   Attempt to modify an archive previously locked
                            by the 'k' command

       3   CRC ERROR        A CRC error occurred when unpacking

       2   FATAL ERROR      A fatal error occurred

       1   WARNING          Non fatal error(s) occurred

       0   SUCCESS          Successful operation


 Glossary
 ~~~~~~~~

    Archive      Special file containing one or more files optionally
                 compressed and/or encrypted.

    Compression  A method of encoding data to reduce it's size.

    CRC          Cyclic Redundancy Check. Mathematical method calculating
                 special checking information for data validity.

    SFX          Archive module used to extract files from when executed.
                 (SelF-eXtracting module), usually in the form of a .EXE
                 file.

    Solid        An archive packed using a special compression method which
                 sees all files as one continuous data stream. Particularly
                 advantageous when packing a large number of small files.

    Volume       Part of a split archive. Splitting an archive to volumes
                 allows storing them on diskettes. Solid volumes must be
                 extracted starting from first in sequence.



 Copyrights

    (c) 1993-2005 Alexander Roshal