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Naming Mount Points for Very Large Databases (VLDBs)
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<p>If each disk drive contains database files from one application and there are enough drives for each database to prevent I&#047;O bottlenecks, use the syntax <code>&#047;</code><em><code>pm</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>q</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>dm</code></em> for naming mount points. <a href="#BABFAGGA">Table G-1</a> describes the variables used in this syntax.
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<p><strong><em><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Table G-1 Syntax for Naming Mount Points
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<table title="Syntax for Naming Mount Points" summary="This table describes the syntax for naming mount points." dir="ltr" border="1" width="100%" frame="hsides" rules="groups" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<th id="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Variable
</strong></font></th>
<th id="r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Description
</strong></font></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r2c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>pm</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r2c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A mount point name
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r3c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>q</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r3c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A string denoting that Oracle data is stored in this directory
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r4c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>dm</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r4c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">The value of the initialization parameter DB&#095;NAME (synonymous with the instance <em>sid</em> for single-instance databases)
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>For example, mount points named <code>&#047;u01&#047;oradata&#047;test</code> and <code>&#047;u02&#047;oradata&#047;test</code><em> </em>allocate two drives for the Oracle test database.
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Naming Directories
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<p>This section describes the naming conventions for OFA compliant directories.
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Home Directory Syntax
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<p>Name home directories using the syntax <code>&#047;</code><em><code>pm</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>h</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>u. </code></em><a href="#g641068">Table G-2</a> describes the variables used in this syntax. 
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<p><strong><em><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Table G-2 Syntax for Naming Home Directories 
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<table title="Syntax for Naming Home Directories " summary="This table lists the syntax for naming home directories." dir="ltr" border="1" width="100%" frame="hsides" rules="groups" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<th id="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Variable
</strong></font></th>
<th id="r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Description
</strong></font></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r2c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>pm</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r2c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A mount point name
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r3c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>h</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r3c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A standard directory name
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r4c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>u</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r4c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">The name of the owner of the directory
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>For example,<em> </em><code>&#047;u01&#047;app&#047;oracle</code> is the Oracle software owner home directory (also referred to as the Oracle base directory, the default directory used by the installer) and <code>&#047;u01&#047;app&#047;applmgr</code> is an Oracle applications software owner home directory.
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<p>Placing home directories at the same level in the UNIX file system is advantageous because it allows the collection of applications owner login home directories on different mount points to be referred to using the single pattern matching string, <code>&#047;&#042;&#047;app&#047;&#042;</code>.
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Referring to Pathnames
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<p>Refer to explicit pathnames only in files designed specifically to store them, such as the password file, <code>&#047;etc&#047;passwd</code>, and the Oracle <code>oratab</code> file.<em> </em>Refer to group memberships only in the <code>&#047;etc&#047;group</code> file.
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Software Directories
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<p>To help fulfill the OFA feature of simultaneously executing multiple versions of application software, store each version of the Oracle9<em>i</em> Server software in a directory matching the pattern<em> </em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>pm</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>h</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>u</code></em><code>&#047;product&#047;</code><em><code>v</code></em><em>.</em> 
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<p><a href="#g641084">Table G-3</a> describes the variables used in this syntax.
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<p><strong><em><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Table G-3 Syntax for Naming Oracle9<em>i</em> Server Software Directories 
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<table title="Syntax for Naming Oracle9<em>i</em> Server Software Directories " summary="This table describes the syntax for Naming Oracle9i Server Software Directories." dir="ltr" border="1" width="100%" frame="hsides" rules="groups" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<th id="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Variable
</strong></font></th>
<th id="r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Description
</strong></font></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r2c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>pm</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r2c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A mount point name
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r3c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>h</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r3c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A standard directory name
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r4c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>u</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r4c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">The name of the owner of the directory
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r5c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><em><code>v</code></em>
</td>
<td headers="r5c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">The version of the software
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>For example, <code>&#047;u01&#047;app&#047;oracle&#047;product&#047;9.2.0.1.0</code><em> </em>indicates the Oracle9<em>i</em> parent directory. Set the ORACLE&#095;HOME environment variable to this directory.
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Naming Subdirectories
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<p>To facilitate the organization of administrative data, Oracle Corporation recommends that you store database-specific administration files in subdirectories matching the pattern<em> </em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>h</code></em><code>&#047;admin&#047;</code><em><code>d</code></em><code>&#047;</code><em><code>a</code></em><code>&#047;</code>, where <em><code>h</code></em> is the Oracle software owner&#039;s home directory, <em><code>d</code></em> is the database name (DB&#095;NAME), and <em><code>a</code></em> is a subdirectory for each of the database administration files. <a href="#g641103">Table G-4</a> describes the database administration file subdirectories.
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<p><strong><em><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Table G-4 Subdirectories for Database Administration Files 
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<table title="Subdirectories for Database Administration Files " summary="This table describes the database admintration file subdirectories." dir="ltr" border="1" width="100%" frame="hsides" rules="groups" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<th id="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Subdirectory
</strong></font></th>
<th id="r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>Description
</strong></font></th>
</tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r2c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>adhoc</code>
</td>
<td headers="r2c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Ad hoc SQL scripts for a particular database
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r3c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>arch</code>
</td>
<td headers="r3c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Archived redo log files
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r4c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>adump</code>
</td>
<td headers="r4c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Audit files<br />(Set the AUDIT&#095;FILE&#095;DEST initialization parameter to the <code>adump</code> directory. Clean out this subdirectory periodically.)
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r5c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>bdump</code>
</td>
<td headers="r5c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Background process trace files
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r6c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>cdump</code>
</td>
<td headers="r6c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Core dump files
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r7c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>create</code>
</td>
<td headers="r7c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Programs used to create the database
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r8c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>exp</code>
</td>
<td headers="r8c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Database export files
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r9c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>logbook</code>
</td>
<td headers="r9c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Files recording the status and history of the database
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r10c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>pfile</code>
</td>
<td headers="r10c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Instance parameter files
</td>
</tr>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<td id="r11c1" headers="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><code>udump</code>
</td>
<td headers="r11c1 r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1">User SQL trace files
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
<p>For example, the <code>adhoc</code> subdirectory has the pathname <code>&#047;u01&#047;app&#047;oracle&#047;admin&#047;sab&#047;adhoc&#047;</code> if the <code>adhoc</code> subdirectory is part of the database named sab.
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Naming Database Files
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<p>The following naming convention for database files ensures that they are easily identifiable:
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<table title="Naming Database Files" summary="This table lists the naming convention for database files." dir="ltr" border="1" width="100%" frame="hsides" rules="groups" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0">
<thead>
<tr align="left" valign="top">
<th id="r1c1" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>File Type
</strong></font></th>
<th id="r1c2" align="left" colspan="1" rowspan="1" valign="bottom">
<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
<strong>File Naming Convention