readme

传输流分析

DVB-MPEGTOOLS

are a variety of tools that transform between various MPEG stream formats

The main program is called dvb-mpegtools. This is never called directly,
but always through links. The program recognizes the link name and
acts accordingly.

For installation in /usr/local/bin type "make install", to delete 
"make uninstall"

A call with <progname> -h should give you usage information.

Here is a short description of the functions:

get_http
opens an URL and puts the stream out on STDOUT. It was created to be
used with ffserver and is not really an dvb-mpegtool. You can use it to
view a divx stream (or any other stream) encoded by ffmpeg on your
notebook via wavelan. Just use mplayer like this: 
get_http http://mymachine:8090/test.avi | mplayer -
usage: get_http <URL>

streamtype
tries to recognize the stream type and gives information about the stream.
usage: streamtype <filename>
or     streamtype < <filename> (or pipe)

ts2ps
ts2pes
transforms a transport stream (TS) into an MPEG2 program stream (PS)
or into a stream of multiplexed PES.
You have to know the audio and video PIDs.
usage: ts2ps <filename> <PID1> <PID2>
or     ts2ps <PID1> <PID2> < <filename> (or pipe)

pes2aud
pes2vid
pes2aud_es
pes2vid_es
All these programs extract audio or video streams from PES or PS
streams depending on their respective names. The _es part of the name
indicates that elementary streams are extracted in contrast to PES
streams. Try for example pes2vid_es my.mpg | mpeg2dec. (mpeg2dec can
be found on http://www.linuxvideo.org/mpeg2dec/. The optional id gives
the id of the desired video or audio stream in hex, (default c0 for
audio, e0 for video).
usage: pes2xxx(_es) <filename> [id]
or pes2xxx(_es) < <filename> [id] (or pipe)

extract_pes 
extract_pes_payload
As the generalization of the ones above these programs extract the PES
or the payload of PES with a given id (in HEX).
usage: extract_pes(_payload) <filename> <ID> 
or extract_pes(_payload) <ID> < <filename>

tspids	
returns all the PIDs contained in a TS.
usage: tspids <filename>

pes2ts
turns a video or audio PES (not muxed) into TS the PID is 0xa0.
usage: pes2ts <filename>
or pes2ts < <filename> (or pipe)
	
pes2ts2
transforms a PES stream  into a TS (muxed).
You have to give the audio and video PIDs.
usage: pes2ts2 <filename> <audio  PID> <video PID>
or pes2ts2 < <filename> <audio  PID> <video PID> (or pipe)

analyze	
gives some information about a PS/PES stream and all the packets
contained therein.
usage: analyze <filename>
or analyze < <filename> (or pipe)

pes_demux	
es_demux
demuxes a PS/PES into separate audio and video streams. pes_demux
returns demuxed PES and es_demux returns demuxed ES.
usage: (p)es_demux <filename> <audioout> <videoout>
or (p)es_demux <audioout> <videoout> < <filename>  (or pipe)

ts_demux	
demuxes a TS into PES. Audio is written to STDERR and video to STDOUT.
It takes the first audio and video PIDs it finds.
usage: ts_demux <filename>
or ts_demux < <filename>

ts_es_demux	
demuxes a TS into PES. Audio is written to STDERR and video to STDOUT.
It takes the first audio and video PIDs it finds.
usage: ts_es_demux <filename> <audio_out> <video_out>
or ts_es_demux <audio_out> <video_out> < <filename> 

ts2es	
demuxes a TS into ES, but only for the given PID.
usage: ts2es <filename> <PID> 
or ts2es <PID> < <filename> 

pesplot	
returns the audio and video PTS of the PES packets in a gnuplot
plotable format.
usage: pesplot <filename>
or pesplot < <filename>

pes_repack
repacks your PES packets into smaller sizes. (Well, also into larger
ones with stuffing bytes and/or packets). 
usage: pes_repack <filename> <packet size> 
or     pes_repack < <filename> <packet size> (or pipe) 

change_aspect_1_1
change_aspect_4_3
change_aspect_16_9
change_aspect_221_1
changes the aspect ratio information in the MPEG video stream.
usage: change_aspect_xxx <filename> 

insert_pat_pmt
tries to determine the audio and video PID in a TS without PAT and PMT and then 
inserts the appropriate sections.
usage: insert_pat_pmt <filename>
or     insert_pat_pmt < <filename> (or pipe)

 
mplex
the main part of mplex is a rewrite of the multiplexing routines of bbmpeg, 
which originally were taken from the mplex program written by Christoph Moar.
I just added a demultiplexer, so that you can call mplex with a multiplexed 
file which will then be remuxed.
usage: mplex [options] <input file>
for options see mplex -h.

dvbaudio
sets the pid and opens the dvr device of a DVB card to extract an audio stream 
as elementary stream. You may need to set the include path for the DVB API header 
files in the Makefile and the include path for dmx.h in dvbaudio.c.
Since this tool is the only one that needs non standard includes, you will have to use
"make dvbaudio" to build it.

usage: dvbaudio [options] <pid>
options:
--help,     -h         show this message
--adapter,  -a  <nb>   set adapter number (default 0)
--demux,    -d  <dmx>  set demux (default 0)
--dvr,      -v  <dvr>  set dvr (default 0)
--frontend, -e  <fend> set frontend (default 0)
--freq,     -f  <freq> set frequency (default 0 = no tune)
--pol,      -p  <pol>  set polarisation (V or H)
--srate,    -s  <sr>   set signal rate
--fec,      -c  <fec>  set FEC (default auto)
--sat,      -t  <sat>  set diseqc nb. (default no diseqc)

audiofilter
filters all audio streams out of a VOB except for one, e.g. 
audiofilter -i matrix.vob -o newmatrix.vob -a 0xbd -s 0x81 
leaves you with a VOB that has only the second AC3 audio stream.

usage: audiofilter --pid <pid> [options] 
options:
--help,     -h              show this message
--infile,   -i  <filename>  input (default=stdin)
--outfile,  -o  <filename>  output (default=stdin)
--id,       -a  <id>        audio id (defualt=0xc0)
--subid,    -s  <subid>     subid for privat stream (e.g. 0x80 for first AC3)


show_dvb_image and dia
shows an I-FRAME for a given amount of seconds

usage: show_dvb_image <filename> [secs]
default is 3 seconds
You can use the dia script for a slideshow of JPGs if you have 
ImageMagick and mpeg2encode installed. 




Some information about the different stream types:

1) Elementary stream (ES): 
	is the stream that contains the actual compressed
      	audio and video data, like I, P, B-Frames
       	etc., with respective headers and some
       	other information.

2) Packetized elementary stream (PES): 
	is composed of Packets containing ES data. The packets have
        headers, that specify the respective ES data, like
        0x000001E0 for the first video stream. The header also
        holds the packet length and stuff like the PTS. 

3) Program Stream (PS): 
	mainly contains PES packets with some
        additional packets containing some more
        information for the decoder, like the SCR,
        buffer sizes and mux rates. PSs are used by
        DVDs and distributed .vob files.

4) Transport Stream (TS): 
        is composed of packets that all have the
        same size (188bytes). They all start with 0x47.
        The packets are identified by their PID.
        Some of them contain audio and video data
        in the form of PES packets which are spread
        over many packets of size 188 bytes. Other
        packets contain sections which contain various
        things like the PMT, the PAT or videotext
        data. A TS is meant for transporting data
        over networks. 

5) AV_PES: 
	is the format used by the Siemens (Technotrend) DVB card internally.
        The audio AV_PES packets contain audio PES packets with a
        header that tells you wether there is a PTS in the
        packet. The video packets are video PES packets without the
        PES header (that really means the are ES streams) with a
        header that may contain a PTS. The data originally comes
        from a TS, but has already been processed by the decoder
        and is read from the decoders buffer.