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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN"><html><head><title>VM Spec </title></head><body BGCOLOR=#eeeeff text=#000000 LINK=#0000ff VLINK=#000077 ALINK=#ff0000><table width=100%><tr><td><a href="VMSpecTOC.doc.html">Contents</a> | <a href="VMSpecIX.fm2.html">Prev</a> | <a href="VMSpecIX.fm4.html">Next</a> | <a href="VMSpecIX.fm.html">Index</a></td><td align=right><i><i>The Java<sup><font size=-2>TM</font></sup> Virtual Machine Specification</i></i></td></tr></table><hr><br> <a href="VMSpecIX.fm.html">symbols</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm1.html">A</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm2.html">B</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm3.html">C</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm4.html">D</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm5.html">E</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm6.html">F</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm7.html">G</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm8.html">H</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm9.html">I</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm10.html">J</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm11.html">L</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm12.html">M</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm13.html">N</a><a href="VMSpecIX.fm14.html">O</a><a 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ClassCastException, checkcast<a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#checkcast1">, 194</a><a name="6956679"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#15964">invocation conversion, context, 16</a><a name="6956681"></a><dt>not permitted between boolean<a href="Concepts.doc.html#29373"> types and other types, 11</a></dl><dt><b>castore <strong>instruction</strong></b><dl><a name="6956684"></a><dt><a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#castore">definition, 192</a></dl><dt><b>catch<strong> clause(s)</strong></b><dl><a name="6956687"></a><dt><em>See also</em> exceptions<a name="6956689"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#24698">exception handling role, 41</a>, <a href="Overview.doc.html#27444">78</a><a name="6956692"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#25026">ordering of, 79</a><a name="6956694"></a><dt>try<a href="Concepts.doc.html#17997"> statement, exception handler parameter variables created by, 14</a></dl><dt><b>catch_type <strong>item</strong></b><dl><a name="6956697"></a><dt>(Code_attribute<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#1585"> structure), 122</a></dl><dt><b>char <strong>type</strong></b><dl><a name="6956700"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#31951">arithmetic not directly supported, 84</a><a name="6956702"></a><dt>converting int to, i2c<a href="Instructions2.doc6.html#i2c">, 255</a><a name="6956704"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#3601">definition, 62</a><a name="6956706"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#7572">instruction set handling of, 81</a><a name="6956708"></a><dt>loading from arrays, caload<a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#caload">, 191</a><a name="6956710"></a><dt>storing into arrays, castore<a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#castore">, 192</a><a name="6956712"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#16143">value range, 63</a></dl><dt><b>checkcast<strong> instruction</strong></b><dl><a name="6956715"></a><dt><em>See also </em>instanceof instruction<a name="6956717"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#43174">constraints, static, 136</a><a name="6956719"></a><dt><a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#checkcast">definition, 193</a></dl><dt><b><strong>checking</strong></b><dl><a name="6956722"></a><dt>types<dl><a name="6956723"></a><dt>checkcast<a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#checkcast">, 193</a><a name="6956725"></a><dt>instanceof<a href="Instructions2.doc6.html#instanceof">, 278</a></dl></dl><dt><b>class <strong>file format</strong></b><dl><a name="6956728"></a><dt><em>See also </em>ClassFile structure<a name="6956730"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#14580">byte storage order, 93</a><a name="6956732"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#80963">(chapter), 93</a><a name="6956734"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#6289">data, methods that can read, 93</a><a name="6956736"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#88597">integrity verification, 140</a></dl><dt><b><strong>class loader</strong></b><dl><a name="6956739"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#74504">bootstrap, 158</a><a name="6956741"></a><dt>ClassLoader<dl><a name="6956742"></a><dt><clinit><a href="Overview.doc.html#16262"> method, as class or interface initialization method, 78</a>, <a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#86731">155</a><a name="6956745"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#19063">loading performed by, 48</a></dl><a name="6956747"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#77474">defining, 159</a><a name="6956749"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#77474">delegating to another, 159</a><a name="6956751"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#77493">initiating, 159</a><a name="6956753"></a><dt>loading<a name="6962034"></a><dl><a name="6956754"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#79586">by a user-defined, 160</a><a name="6956756"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#77261">by the bootstrap, 160</a></dl><a name="6956758"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#78364">loading constraints, 162</a><a name="6956760"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#74504">user-defined, 158</a></dl><dt><b><strong>class(es)</strong></b><dl><a name="6956763"></a><dt><em>See also</em> array; class file format; class loader; ClassFile structure; interfaces<a name="6956765"></a><dt>Class<a href="Concepts.doc.html#24240"> object, initialization role, 52</a><a name="6956767"></a><dt>ClassCastException<a href="Concepts.doc.html#24889">, 44</a><a name="6956769"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#75047">creation, 158</a><a name="6956771"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#29324">declaration, 28</a><a name="6956773"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#73347">derivation of symbolic references to at run time, 156</a><a name="6956775"></a><dt>final<a href="Concepts.doc.html#20342">, 28</a><a name="6956777"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#32202">finalization of, 57</a><a name="6956779"></a><dt>get static fields from, getstatic<a href="Instructions2.doc5.html#getstatic">, 250</a><a name="6956781"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#29397">initial, specifying to Java virtual machine, 46</a>, <a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#72012">158</a><a name="6956784"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#24953">initialization, process, unrecoverable runtime exceptions associated with, 44</a><a name="6956786"></a><dt>instances<dl><a name="6956787"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#25388">creation expression, 12</a><a name="6956789"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#12402">uninitialized, structural constraints, 135</a></dl><a name="6956791"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#28339">libraries, Java virtual machine support for, 91</a><a name="6956793"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#18847">members of, 29</a><a name="6956795"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#20346">modifiers, 28</a><a name="6956797"></a><dt>names, name_index item<dl><a name="6956798"></a><dt>(CONSTANT_Class_info<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#1222"> structure) as reference to, 104</a></dl><a name="6956800"></a><dt>put into static fields, putstatic<a href="Instructions2.doc11.html#putstatic">, 350</a><a name="6956802"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#71636">resolution, 166</a><a name="6956804"></a><dt>static methods<dl><a name="6956805"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#11320">invocation instruction summary, 89</a><a name="6956807"></a><dt>invoking, invokestatic<a href="Instructions2.doc6.html#invokestatic">, 288</a></dl><a name="6956809"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#25380">types, 11</a><dl><a name="6956811"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#15939">compared with, 15</a><a name="6956813"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#26053">members of, 25</a><a name="6956815"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#15127">as reference type, 66</a></dl><a name="6956817"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#24970">verification process, unrecoverable runtime exceptions associated with, 45</a></dl><dt><b>class_index <strong>item</strong></b><dl><a name="6956820"></a><dt>(CONSTANT_Fieldref_info<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#26293"> structure), 106</a><a name="6956822"></a><dt>(CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref_info<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#26293"> structure), 106</a><a name="6956824"></a><dt>(CONSTANT_Methodref_info<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#26293"> structure), 106</a></dl><dt><b>ClassCastException</b><dl><a name="6956827"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#19492">casting conversion as cause of, 23</a><a name="6956829"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#24889">definition, 44</a><a name="6956831"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#32882">narrowing reference conversion as cause of, 19</a><a name="6956833"></a><dt>thrown by checkcast<a href="Instructions2.doc2.html#checkcast">, 194</a></dl><dt><b>ClassCircularityError</b><dl><a name="6956836"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#32585">definition, 49</a><a name="6956838"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#28424">as linking error, 45</a><a name="6956840"></a><dt>thrown during<dl><a name="6956841"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#79418">class or interface loading, 164</a><a name="6956843"></a><dt><a href="ConstantPool.doc.html#79428">class or interface resolution, 164</a></dl></dl><dt><b>classes <strong>array</strong></b><dl><a name="6956846"></a><dt>(InnerClasses_attribute_info<a href="ClassFile.doc.html#80006"> structure), 125</a></dl><dt><b>ClassFile <strong>structure</strong></b><dl><a name="6956849"></a><dt><em>See also </em>ClassFile substructures:<dl><a name="6956850"></a><dt>access_flags item<a name="6956852"></a><dt>attributes table<a name="6956854"></a><dt>attributes_count item<a name="6956856"></a><dt>constant_pool table<a name="6956858"></a><dt>constant_pool_count item<a name="6956860"></a><dt>field_info structure<a name="6956862"></a><dt>fields table<a name="6956864"></a><dt>fields_count item<a name="6956866"></a><dt>interfaces array<a name="6956868"></a><dt>interfaces_count item<a name="6956870"></a><dt>magic item<a name="6956872"></a><dt>major_version item<a name="6956874"></a><dt>method_info structure<a name="6956876"></a><dt>methods table<a name="6956878"></a><dt>methods_count item<a name="6956880"></a><dt>minor_version item<a name="6956882"></a><dt>super_class item<a name="6956884"></a><dt>this_class item</dl><a name="6956886"></a><dt>constant_pool<a href="Overview.doc.html#22973"> table, Java virtual machine representation, 70</a><a name="6956888"></a><dt>format<dl><a name="6956889"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#25427">ability to read as Java virtual machine implementation requirement, 61</a><a name="6956891"></a><dt><a href="Overview.doc.html#32311">as overview, 61</a></dl><a name="6956893"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#88597">integrity verification, 140</a><a name="6956895"></a><dt><a href="ClassFile.doc.html#74328">syntax and item descriptions, 93</a></dl><dt><b>ClassFormatError</b><dl><a name="6956898"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#24117">definition, 49</a><a name="6956900"></a><dt><a href="Concepts.doc.html#28424">as linking error, 45</a></dl><dt><b><clinit> <strong>method</strong></b><dl>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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