📄 lesson19.cpp
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/*
* This Code Was Created By Jeff Molofee 2000
* If You've Found This Code Useful, Please Let Me Know.
* Visit My Site At nehe.gamedev.net
*/
#include <windows.h> // Header File For Windows
#include <stdio.h> // Header File For Standard Input/Output
#include <gl\gl.h> // Header File For The OpenGL32 Library
#include <gl\glu.h> // Header File For The GLu32 Library
#include <gl\glaux.h> // Header File For The Glaux Library
#define MAX_PARTICLES 1000 // Number Of Particles To Create
HDC hDC=NULL; // Private GDI Device Context
HGLRC hRC=NULL; // Permanent Rendering Context
HWND hWnd=NULL; // Holds Our Window Handle
HINSTANCE hInstance; // Holds The Instance Of The Application
bool keys[256]; // Array Used For The Keyboard Routine
bool active=TRUE; // Window Active Flag Set To TRUE By Default
bool fullscreen=TRUE; // Fullscreen Flag Set To Fullscreen Mode By Default
bool rainbow=true; // Rainbow Mode?
bool sp; // Spacebar Pressed?
bool rp; // Enter Key Pressed?
float slowdown=2.0f; // Slow Down Particles
float xspeed; // Base X Speed (To Allow Keyboard Direction Of Tail)
float yspeed; // Base Y Speed (To Allow Keyboard Direction Of Tail)
float zoom=-40.0f; // Used To Zoom Out
GLuint loop; // Misc Loop Variable
GLuint col; // Current Color Selection
GLuint delay; // Rainbow Effect Delay
GLuint texture[1]; // Storage For Our Particle Texture
typedef struct // Create A Structure For Particle
{
bool active; // Active (Yes/No)
float life; // Particle Life
float fade; // Fade Speed
float r; // Red Value
float g; // Green Value
float b; // Blue Value
float x; // X Position
float y; // Y Position
float z; // Z Position
float xi; // X Direction
float yi; // Y Direction
float zi; // Z Direction
float xg; // X Gravity
float yg; // Y Gravity
float zg; // Z Gravity
}
particles; // Particles Structure
particles particle[MAX_PARTICLES]; // Particle Array (Room For Particle Info)
static GLfloat colors[12][3]= // Rainbow Of Colors
{
{1.0f,0.5f,0.5f},{1.0f,0.75f,0.5f},{1.0f,1.0f,0.5f},{0.75f,1.0f,0.5f},
{0.5f,1.0f,0.5f},{0.5f,1.0f,0.75f},{0.5f,1.0f,1.0f},{0.5f,0.75f,1.0f},
{0.5f,0.5f,1.0f},{0.75f,0.5f,1.0f},{1.0f,0.5f,1.0f},{1.0f,0.5f,0.75f}
};
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); // Declaration For WndProc
AUX_RGBImageRec *LoadBMP(char *Filename) // Loads A Bitmap Image
{
FILE *File=NULL; // File Handle
if (!Filename) // Make Sure A Filename Was Given
{
return NULL; // If Not Return NULL
}
File=fopen(Filename,"r"); // Check To See If The File Exists
if (File) // Does The File Exist?
{
fclose(File); // Close The Handle
return auxDIBImageLoad(Filename); // Load The Bitmap And Return A Pointer
}
return NULL; // If Load Failed Return NULL
}
int LoadGLTextures() // Load Bitmap And Convert To A Texture
{
int Status=FALSE; // Status Indicator
AUX_RGBImageRec *TextureImage[1]; // Create Storage Space For The Textures
memset(TextureImage,0,sizeof(void *)*1); // Set The Pointer To NULL
if (TextureImage[0]=LoadBMP("Data/Particle.bmp")) // Load Particle Texture
{
Status=TRUE; // Set The Status To TRUE
glGenTextures(1, &texture[0]); // Create One Texture
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, TextureImage[0]->sizeX, TextureImage[0]->sizeY, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, TextureImage[0]->data);
}
if (TextureImage[0]) // If Texture Exists
{
if (TextureImage[0]->data) // If Texture Image Exists
{
free(TextureImage[0]->data); // Free The Texture Image Memory
}
free(TextureImage[0]); // Free The Image Structure
}
return Status; // Return The Status
}
GLvoid ReSizeGLScene(GLsizei width, GLsizei height) // Resize And Initialize The GL Window
{
if (height==0) // Prevent A Divide By Zero By
{
height=1; // Making Height Equal One
}
glViewport(0,0,width,height); // Reset The Current Viewport
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); // Select The Projection Matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Projection Matrix
// Calculate The Aspect Ratio Of The Window
gluPerspective(45.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.1f,200.0f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // Select The Modelview Matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Modelview Matrix
}
int InitGL(GLvoid) // All Setup For OpenGL Goes Here
{
if (!LoadGLTextures()) // Jump To Texture Loading Routine
{
return FALSE; // If Texture Didn't Load Return FALSE
}
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); // Enable Smooth Shading
glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Black Background
glClearDepth(1.0f); // Depth Buffer Setup
glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Disable Depth Testing
glEnable(GL_BLEND); // Enable Blending
glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_ONE); // Type Of Blending To Perform
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL_NICEST); // Really Nice Perspective Calculations
glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT,GL_NICEST); // Really Nice Point Smoothing
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); // Enable Texture Mapping
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,texture[0]); // Select Our Texture
for (loop=0;loop<MAX_PARTICLES;loop++) // Initials All The Textures
{
particle[loop].active=true; // Make All The Particles Active
particle[loop].life=1.0f; // Give All The Particles Full Life
particle[loop].fade=float(rand()%100)/1000.0f+0.003f; // Random Fade Speed
particle[loop].r=colors[loop*(12/MAX_PARTICLES)][0]; // Select Red Rainbow Color
particle[loop].g=colors[loop*(12/MAX_PARTICLES)][1]; // Select Red Rainbow Color
particle[loop].b=colors[loop*(12/MAX_PARTICLES)][2]; // Select Red Rainbow Color
particle[loop].xi=float((rand()%50)-26.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On X Axis
particle[loop].yi=float((rand()%50)-25.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On Y Axis
particle[loop].zi=float((rand()%50)-25.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On Z Axis
particle[loop].xg=0.0f; // Set Horizontal Pull To Zero
particle[loop].yg=-0.8f; // Set Vertical Pull Downward
particle[loop].zg=0.0f; // Set Pull On Z Axis To Zero
}
return TRUE; // Initialization Went OK
}
int DrawGLScene(GLvoid) // Here's Where We Do All The Drawing
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear Screen And Depth Buffer
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The ModelView Matrix
for (loop=0;loop<MAX_PARTICLES;loop++) // Loop Through All The Particles
{
if (particle[loop].active) // If The Particle Is Active
{
float x=particle[loop].x; // Grab Our Particle X Position
float y=particle[loop].y; // Grab Our Particle Y Position
float z=particle[loop].z+zoom; // Particle Z Pos + Zoom
// Draw The Particle Using Our RGB Values, Fade The Particle Based On It's Life
glColor4f(particle[loop].r,particle[loop].g,particle[loop].b,particle[loop].life);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP); // Build Quad From A Triangle Strip
glTexCoord2d(1,1); glVertex3f(x+0.5f,y+0.5f,z); // Top Right
glTexCoord2d(0,1); glVertex3f(x-0.5f,y+0.5f,z); // Top Left
glTexCoord2d(1,0); glVertex3f(x+0.5f,y-0.5f,z); // Bottom Right
glTexCoord2d(0,0); glVertex3f(x-0.5f,y-0.5f,z); // Bottom Left
glEnd(); // Done Building Triangle Strip
particle[loop].x+=particle[loop].xi/(slowdown*1000);// Move On The X Axis By X Speed
particle[loop].y+=particle[loop].yi/(slowdown*1000);// Move On The Y Axis By Y Speed
particle[loop].z+=particle[loop].zi/(slowdown*1000);// Move On The Z Axis By Z Speed
particle[loop].xi+=particle[loop].xg; // Take Pull On X Axis Into Account
particle[loop].yi+=particle[loop].yg; // Take Pull On Y Axis Into Account
particle[loop].zi+=particle[loop].zg; // Take Pull On Z Axis Into Account
particle[loop].life-=particle[loop].fade; // Reduce Particles Life By 'Fade'
if (particle[loop].life<0.0f) // If Particle Is Burned Out
{
particle[loop].life=1.0f; // Give It New Life
particle[loop].fade=float(rand()%100)/1000.0f+0.003f; // Random Fade Value
particle[loop].x=0.0f; // Center On X Axis
particle[loop].y=0.0f; // Center On Y Axis
particle[loop].z=0.0f; // Center On Z Axis
particle[loop].xi=xspeed+float((rand()%60)-32.0f); // X Axis Speed And Direction
particle[loop].yi=yspeed+float((rand()%60)-30.0f); // Y Axis Speed And Direction
particle[loop].zi=float((rand()%60)-30.0f); // Z Axis Speed And Direction
particle[loop].r=colors[col][0]; // Select Red From Color Table
particle[loop].g=colors[col][1]; // Select Green From Color Table
particle[loop].b=colors[col][2]; // Select Blue From Color Table
}
// If Number Pad 8 And Y Gravity Is Less Than 1.5 Increase Pull Upwards
if (keys[VK_NUMPAD8] && (particle[loop].yg<1.5f)) particle[loop].yg+=0.01f;
// If Number Pad 2 And Y Gravity Is Greater Than -1.5 Increase Pull Downwards
if (keys[VK_NUMPAD2] && (particle[loop].yg>-1.5f)) particle[loop].yg-=0.01f;
// If Number Pad 6 And X Gravity Is Less Than 1.5 Increase Pull Right
if (keys[VK_NUMPAD6] && (particle[loop].xg<1.5f)) particle[loop].xg+=0.01f;
// If Number Pad 4 And X Gravity Is Greater Than -1.5 Increase Pull Left
if (keys[VK_NUMPAD4] && (particle[loop].xg>-1.5f)) particle[loop].xg-=0.01f;
if (keys[VK_TAB]) // Tab Key Causes A Burst
{
particle[loop].x=0.0f; // Center On X Axis
particle[loop].y=0.0f; // Center On Y Axis
particle[loop].z=0.0f; // Center On Z Axis
particle[loop].xi=float((rand()%50)-26.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On X Axis
particle[loop].yi=float((rand()%50)-25.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On Y Axis
particle[loop].zi=float((rand()%50)-25.0f)*10.0f; // Random Speed On Z Axis
}
}
}
return TRUE; // Everything Went OK
}
GLvoid KillGLWindow(GLvoid) // Properly Kill The Window
{
if (fullscreen) // Are We In Fullscreen Mode?
{
ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0); // If So Switch Back To The Desktop
ShowCursor(TRUE); // Show Mouse Pointer
}
if (hRC) // Do We Have A Rendering Context?
{
if (!wglMakeCurrent(NULL,NULL)) // Are We Able To Release The DC And RC Contexts?
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Release Of DC And RC Failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}
if (!wglDeleteContext(hRC)) // Are We Able To Delete The RC?
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Release Rendering Context Failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
}
hRC=NULL; // Set RC To NULL
}
if (hDC && !ReleaseDC(hWnd,hDC)) // Are We Able To Release The DC
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Release Device Context Failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
hDC=NULL; // Set DC To NULL
}
if (hWnd && !DestroyWindow(hWnd)) // Are We Able To Destroy The Window?
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Could Not Release hWnd.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
hWnd=NULL; // Set hWnd To NULL
}
if (!UnregisterClass("OpenGL",hInstance)) // Are We Able To Unregister Class
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Could Not Unregister Class.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
hInstance=NULL; // Set hInstance To NULL
}
}
/* This Code Creates Our OpenGL Window. Parameters Are: *
* title - Title To Appear At The Top Of The Window *
* width - Width Of The GL Window Or Fullscreen Mode *
* height - Height Of The GL Window Or Fullscreen Mode *
* bits - Number Of Bits To Use For Color (8/16/24/32) *
* fullscreenflag - Use Fullscreen Mode (TRUE) Or Windowed Mode (FALSE) */
BOOL CreateGLWindow(char* title, int width, int height, int bits, bool fullscreenflag)
{
GLuint PixelFormat; // Holds The Results After Searching For A Match
WNDCLASS wc; // Windows Class Structure
DWORD dwExStyle; // Window Extended Style
DWORD dwStyle; // Window Style
RECT WindowRect; // Grabs Rectangle Upper Left / Lower Right Values
WindowRect.left=(long)0; // Set Left Value To 0
WindowRect.right=(long)width; // Set Right Value To Requested Width
WindowRect.top=(long)0; // Set Top Value To 0
WindowRect.bottom=(long)height; // Set Bottom Value To Requested Height
fullscreen=fullscreenflag; // Set The Global Fullscreen Flag
hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); // Grab An Instance For Our Window
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC; // Redraw On Size, And Own DC For Window.
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC) WndProc; // WndProc Handles Messages
wc.cbClsExtra = 0; // No Extra Window Data
wc.cbWndExtra = 0; // No Extra Window Data
wc.hInstance = hInstance; // Set The Instance
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO); // Load The Default Icon
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); // Load The Arrow Pointer
wc.hbrBackground = NULL; // No Background Required For GL
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