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<td align=left height="40" valign=bottom align=left><small><a href="/">首页</a> > 系统管理 > <a href=/system/sco/index.shtml>SCO</a> > 正文</small></td>
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<tr><th class=f24><h1>SCO UNIX 环境下不同容量硬盘的对拷</h1></th></tr>
<tr><td height=20 align=center><font color=#999999><small> 本文出自: 作者: 江山 (2001-07-05 22:08:01)</small></font></td></tr>
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<p><font face=宋体> 贵刊1999年第10期《技术交流》栏目介绍了两种UNIX操作系统的快速安装法，对金融系统为解决2000年问题而进行的系统换版很有帮助。但是，使用这两种方法安装UNIX都存在一个缺点，即要求复制硬盘(目标盘)比被复制硬盘(源盘)容量大或者两者相等，这样在目标盘容量比源盘大时，就会造成目标盘容量的浪费。笔者在系统换版过程中摸索出一套可以在不同容量硬盘之间拷贝安装UNIX的方法，现介绍如下。<br>
在开始硬盘对拷之前，首先应将已安装好系统的源盘和空白目标盘分别设置跳线，安装在计算机上。开机，进入CMOS设置两块硬盘的参数，然后进入源盘的超级用户root，就可以开始拷贝了。<br>
以下是在digital P200微机上，SCO Open Server Release 5环境下进行硬盘对拷的过程。<br>
1.增加一块硬盘<br>
＃mkdev hd 1 0<br>
Your root hard disk is attached to an IDE controller.<br>
Pick one of the choices below or you may quit and<br>
Invoke mkdev hd －u for a detail usage message.<br>
1)Add a hard disk to IDE controller<br>
2)Add a hard disk to SCSI controller<br>
3)Add a hard disk to an IDA controller(EISA)<br>
Enter 1,2,3,or enter 'q' to quit:(输入1)<br>
……<br>
If you wish to exit the entire installation at this menu,<br>
Press the <DEL>key.<br>
Hard Disk Drive 1 Configuration<br>
1.Display current disk parameters<br>
2.Modify current disk parameters<br>
3.Select default disk parameters<br>
Enter an option or 'q' to quit:<br>
(这是dkinit程序的菜单。在此可以选1显示目标硬盘参数，如不符要求，可选2进行修改，然后输入q继续)<br>
……<br>
1.Display Partition Table<br>
2.Use Entire Disk for UNIX<br>
3.Use Rest of Disk for UNIX<br>
4.Create UNIX Partition<br>
5.Activate Partition<br>
6.Delete Partition<br>
7.Create Partition<br>
Enter your choice or 'q' to quit:<br>
(这是fdisk程序的菜单。在此可以对目标硬盘按需要进行分区，然后输入q继续)<br>
……<br>
1.Print Current Bad Track Table<br>
2.Scan Disk (You may choose Read－Only or Destructive later)<br>
3.Add Entries to Current Bad Track Table by Cylinder/Head Number<br>
4.Add Entries to Current Bad Track Table by Sector Number<br>
5.Delete Entries Individually from Current Bad Track Table<br>
6.Delete All Entries from Bad Track Table Please enter your choice
or 'q' t 廯 t:<br>
(这是badtrk程序的菜单，选择2可以扫描查找硬盘上有问题的磁道，并对应到硬盘别处的正常磁道上，另外还建立一个坏道表。输入q继续)<br>
Enter the number of bad tracks to allocate space for<br>
(or press<return>to use the recommended value of 15):<br>
(回车)<br>
There are 2110657 blocks in the UNIX area.<br>
Please enter the number of file systems you want this area<br>
To be divided into，or press<Return>to get the default of 2 file
system(s).<br>
(回车)<br>
The layout of the filesystems and swap area is now prepared.<br>
Do you wish to make any manual adjustments to the sizes or<br>
names of the filesystems or swap area before they are created<br>
on the hard disk?(y/n)<br>
(输入n)<br>
Making filesystems<br>
Hard disk initialization procedure completed.<br>
2.用dd命令将SCO UNIX硬盘自举程序从源盘拷入目标盘<br>
＃dd if=/dev/hd0a of=/dev/hdla bs=1024 count=40<br>
3.用divvy命令在目标盘上建立可安装的文件系统<br>
＃divvy－im /dev/rhdla<br>
There are 2095537 lk blocks in the UNIX area.<br>
Between 16000 and 512000 lk blocks should be reserved for the swap
area.<br>
Please enter the swap－space allocation ,or press <Return><br>
To get the default allocation of 24000 lk blocks:<br>
(回车)<br>
There are 2095537 lk blocks in the UNIX area.<br>
Between 15000 and 64000 lk blocks should be reserved for the boot
filesystem.<br>
Please enter the boot－space allocation,or press <Return><br>
To get the default allocation of 20000 lk blocks:<br>
(回车)<br>
Do you want a separate /u filesystem?(y/n)<br>
(输入n)<br>
The layout of the filesystems and swap area is now prepared.<br>
Do you wish to make any manual adjustments to the sizes or<br>
names of the filesystems or swap area before they are created<br>
on the hard disk?(y/n)<br>
(输入n)<br>
Making filesystems<br>
4.用divvy 命令查看并修改内分区(division)名<br>
＃divvy/dev/rhdla<br>
Name Type New FS ＃ First Block<br>
Last Block dll50 EAFS no 0<br>
0 19999<br>
d1151 NON Fs no 1 20000<br>
43999<br>
HTFS no 2 44000<br>
2045725<br>
Not USED no 3 －<br>
－<br>
Not USED no 4 －<br>
－<br>
Not USED no 5 －<br>
－<br>
recover NON FS no 6 2045726<br>
2045735<br>
hdla WHOLE DISK no 7 0<br>
2061831<br>
2045736 lk blocks for divisions,16096 lk blocks reserved for the system.<br>
n[ame] Name or rename a division.<br>
c[reate] Create a new file system on this division.<br>
t[ype] Select or change filesystem type on new filesystems.<br>
p[revent] Prevent a new file system from being created on<br>
this.<br>
s[tart] Start a division on a different block.<br>
e[nd] End a division on a different block.<br>
r[estore] Restore the original division table.<br>
Please enter your choice or 'q' to quit:<br>
(输入n修改内分区名。在此分别将0，1，2内分区名修改为rb ,rs,rr)<br>
i[nstall] Install the division set－up shown.<br>
r[eturn] Return to the previous menu.<br>
e[xit] Exit without installing a division table.<br>
Please enter your choice:<br>
(输入i将内分区情况安装在目标盘上)<br>
Making filesystems.<br>
5.将目标盘引导文件系统安装到源盘上，并拷贝其内容<br>
＃mount/dev/rb/mnt<br>
＃cd/stand<br>
＃find.－print|cpio－pdumv /mnt<br>
＃umount/mnt<br>
6.将目标盘根文件系统安装到源盘上，并拷贝其内容<br>
＃ mount/dev/rr/mnt<br>
＃find/－mount print|cpio－pdumv/mnt<br>
7.建立目标盘根文件系统中的文件系统安装点<br>
＃cd /mnt<br>
＃mkdir mnt stand;chmod 755 mnt stand;chgrp bin mnt stand<br>
＃umount /mnt<br>
至此，拷贝完毕。□</font></p>
<p align=left><span
class=zz>江山(中国建设银行湖南省株洲市分行科技处 (湖南株洲412000))</span></p>
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