glossary.html

java基础学习

<br><br>
<a name="j2me">* Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition:</a><br>
The edition of the Java platform that is targeted at small, standalone or connectable consumer and embedded devices to enable development, deployment, and management of applications that can scale from smart cards through mobile devices and set-top boxes to conventional computing devices.
<br><br>
<a name="j2se">* Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition:</a><br>
The edition of the Java platform that enables development, deployment, and management of cross-platform, general-purpose applications.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jrmi">Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI)</a></i>
<dd>A distributed object model for Java program to Java program, in which the methods of remote objects written in the Java programming language can be invoked from other Java<sup><font size="-2">TM</font></sup> virtual machines<a href="#TJVM"><sup>1</sup></a>, possibly on different hosts.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jre">Java Runtime Environment (JRE)</a></i>
<dd>A subset of the Java Development Kit (JDK) for end-users and developers who want to redistribute the runtime environment alone. The Java runtime environment consists of the Java<sup><font size="-2">TM</font></sup> virtual machine<a href="#TJVM"><sup>1</sup></a>, the Java core classes, and supporting files.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java Studio</i>
<dd>The first program that allows you to easily create Java technology-based applications and applets without having to know the Java programming language.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java Technologies</i>
<dd>A set of technologies that enable the creation and safe running of software programs in both stand-alone and networked environments.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jta">Java Transaction API (JTA)</a></i>
<dd>An API that allows applications and J2EE servers to access transactions.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jts">Java Transaction Service (JTS)</a></i>
<dd>Specifies the implementation of a transaction manager which supports JTA and implements the Java mapping of the OMG Object Transaction Service (OTS) 1.1 specification at the level below the API.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jvm">Java<sup><font size="-2">TM</font></sup> virtual machine<a href="#TJVM"><sup>1</sup></a></a></i>
<dd>A software &quot;execution engine&quot; that safely and compatibly executes the
byte codes in Java class files on a microprocessor (whether in a computer or in another electronic device).
<br><br>
Java HotSpot performance engine - the ultra-high-performance engine for a Java runtime environment which features an adaptive compiler that dynamically optimizes the performance of running applications.
<br><br>
KJava virtual machine - the small-footprint, highly optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition.  Derived from the Java virtual
machine, it is targeted at small connected devices and can scale from 30KB to approximately 128KB, depending on the target device's functionality.
<br><br>
Java Card Virtual Machine - an ultra-small-footprint, highly-optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition.  Derived from the Java virtual machine, it is targeted at smart cards and other severely memory-constrained devices and can run in devices with memory as small as 24K of ROM, 16K of EEPROM, and 512 bytes of RAM.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java Web Server</i>
<dd>The easy-to-use, extensible, easy-to-administer, secure, platform-independent solution to speed and simplify the deployment and management of your Internet and Intranet Web sites. It provides immediate productivity for robust, full-featured, Java technology-based server applications.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java Workshop</i>
<dd>A complete set of tools integrated into a single environment for managing programming with Java technology. The Java Workshop software uses a highly modular structure that enables you to easily plug new tools into the overall structure.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java wallet</i>
<dd>A user interface, built on the Java Electronic Commerce Framework, which allows for online purchases, value transfers, and administrative functions.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaBeans</i>
<dd>A portable, platform-independent reusable component model.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaCheck</i>
<dd>A tool for checking compliance of applications and applets to a specification.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaChip</i>
<dd>Sun's processor, which executes bytecode for the Java<sup><font size="-2">TM</font></sup> virtual machine<a href="#TJVM"><sup>1</sup></a> natively.  With a JavaChip processor, bytecode bypasses the virtual machine or just-in-time compiler stage to go directly to the processor.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaMail</i>
<dd>An API for sending and receiving email.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaOS</i>
<dd>An Java technology-based operating system that is optimized to run on a variety of computing and consumer platforms.  The JavaOS operating environment provides a runtime specifically tuned to run applications written in the Java programming language directly on hardware platforms without requiring a host operating system.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaPlan</i>
<dd>An object-oriented design and diagramming tool written in the Java programming language.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaSafe</i>
<dd>A tool for tracking and managing source file changes, written in the Java programming language.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaScript</i>
<dd>A Web scripting language that is used in both browsers and Web servers. Like all scripting languages, it is used primarily to tie other components together or to accept user input.
<br><br>
<dt><i><a name="jsp">JavaServer Pages (JSP)</a></i>
<dd>An extensible web technology that uses template data, custom elements, scripting languages, and server-side Java objects to return dynamic content to a client.  Typically the template data is HTML or XML elements, and in many cases the client is a web browser.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaSpaces</i>
<dd>A technology that provides distributed persistence and data exchange mechanisms for code in the Java programming language.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JavaSoft</i>
<dd>A former business unit of Sun Microsystems, Inc., currently known as Sun Microsystems, Inc., Java Software division.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAX</i>
<dd>JAX collectively refers to a set of Java-based APIs for handling various operations involving data defined through XML.  This includes operations such XML parsing, registration in ebXML or UDDI repositories, inter-application messaging, data binding, and remote procedure calls.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAXB</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jaxb">Java Architecture for XML Binding</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAXM</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jaxm">Java APIs for XML Messaging</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAXP</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jaxp">Java APIs for XML Processing</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAXR</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jaxr">Java APIs for XML Registries</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JAX-RPC</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jaxrpc">Java APIs for XML-based RPC</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JDBC</i>
<dd>Java Database Connectivity. An industry standard for database-independent connectivity between the Java platform and a wide range of databases. The JDBC interface provides a call-level API for SQL-based database access.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JDK</i>
<dd>Java Development Kit. A software development environment for writing applets and application in the Java programming language.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JFC</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jfc">Java Foundation Class</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>Jini Technology</i>
<dd>
a set of Java APIs that may be incorporated an optional package for any Java 2 Platform Edition. The Jini APIs enable transparent networking of devices and services and eliminates the need for system or network administration intervention by a user.<br><br>
The Jini technology is currently an optional package available on all Java platform editions.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JMAPI</i>
<dd>Java Management API. A collection of Java programming language classes and interfaces that allow developers to build system, network, and service management applications.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JMS</i>
<dd>See: Java Message Service (JMS)
<br><br>
<dt><i>JNDI</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jndi">Java Naming and Directory Interface</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JNI</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jni">Java Native Interface</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JPEG</i>
<dd>Joint Photographic Experts Group. An image file compression standard established by this group. It achieves tremendous compression at the cost of introducing distortions into the image which are almost always imperceptible.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JRE</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jre">Java Runtime Environment</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jsp">JavaServer Pages</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP action</i>
<dd>A JSP element that can act on implicit objects and other server-side objects or can define new scripting variables.  Actions follow the XML syntax for elements with a start tag, a body and an end tag; if the body is empty it can also use the empty tag syntax. The tag must use a prefix.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP action, standard</i>
<dd>An action that is defined in the JSP specification and is always available to a JSP file without being imported.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP action, custom</i>
<dd>An action described in a portable manner by a tag library descriptor and a collection of Java classes and imported into a JSP page by a taglib directive.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP application</i>
<dd>A stand-alone web application written using the JavaServer Pages technology, including JSP files, servlets, HTML files, images, applets, and JavaBeans components.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP container</i>
<dd>A container that provides the same services as a servlet container and an engine that interprets and processes JSP pages into a servlet.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP container, distributed</i>
<dd>A JSP container that can run a web application that is tagged as distributable and that executes across multiple JVMs running on the same host or on different hosts.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP declaration</i>
<dd>A JSP scripting element that declares methods, variables, or both in a JSP file.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP directive</i>
<dd>A JSP element that gives an instruction to the JSP container and is interpreted at translation time.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP element</i>
<dd>A portion of a JSP page that is recognized by a JSP translator. An element can be a directive, an action, or a scripting element.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP expression</i>
<dd>A scripting element that contains a valid scripting language expression that is evaluated, converted to a String, and placed into the implicit out object.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP file</i>
<dd>A file named with a .jsp extension that a developer authors using standard HTML tags, core JSP tags, custom JSP tags, and scripting language statements in order to display dynamic pages in a web browser.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP page</i>
<dd>A text-based document using fixed template data and JSP elements that describes how to process a request to create a response.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP scripting element</i>
<dd>A JSP declaration, scriptlet, or expression, whose tag syntax is defined by the JSP specification, and whose content is written according to the scripting language used in the JSP page. The JSP specification describes the syntax and semantics for the case where the language page attribute is "java".
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP scriptlet</i>
<dd>A JSP scripting element containing any code fragment that is valid in the scripting language used in the JSP page. The JSP specification describes what is a valid scriptlet for the case where the language page attribute is "java".
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP tag</i>
<dd>A piece of text between a left angle bracket and a right angle bracket that is used in a JSP file as part of a JSP element.  The tag is distinguishable as markup, as opposed to data, because it is surrounded by angle brackets.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JSP tag library</i>
<dd>A collection of tags identifying custom actions described through a tag library descriptor and Java classes. A portable Java class library that has a unique URI and that defines custom tags that perform specialized tasks. A JSP tag library can be imported into any JSP file and used with various scripting languages.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JTA</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jta">Java Transaction API</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>JTS</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jts">Java Transaction Service</a>
<br><br>
<dt><i>Just-in-time (JIT) Compiler</i>
<dd>A compiler that converts all of the bytecode into native machine code just as a Java program is run. This results in run-time speed improvements over code that is interpreted by a Java virtual machine.
<br><br>
<dt><i>JVM</i>
<dd>See <a href="#jvm">Java Virtual Machine (JVM)</a>
<br><br>
<!--
<dt><i>Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE platform)</i>
<dd>An environment for developing and deploying enterprise applications. The J2EE platform consists of a set of services, application programming interfaces (APIs), and protocols that provide the functionality for developing multi-tiered, Web-based applications.
<br><br>
<dt><i>Java 2 SDK, Enterprise Edition</i>
<dd>The Software Development Kit (SDK) is development environment for building applications, applets, and components using the Java programming language. This SDK provides a reference implementation of the J2SE platform.
<br><br>
<dt><i>J2EE application</i>
<dd>Any deployable unit of J2EE functionality. This can be a single module or a group of modules packaged into an .ear file with a J2EE application deployment descriptor. J2EE appl