📄 oracle基本操作-16.htm
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<p><font color="#009900">在Oracle中实现数据库的复制</font></p>
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class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">在Internet上运作数据库经常会有这样的需求:把遍布全国各城市相似的数据库应用统一起来,一个节点的数据改变不仅体现在本地,还反映到远端。复制技术给用户提供了一种快速访问共享数据的办法。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF"><B>一、实现数据库复制的前提条件</B></font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">1、数据库支持高级复制功能</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">您可以用system身份登录数据库,查看v$option视图,如果其中Advanced
replication为TRUE,则支持高级复制功能;否则不支持。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">2、数据库初始化参数要求</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">①、db_domain = test.com.cn</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">指明数据库的域名(默认的是WORLD),这里可以用您公司的域名。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">②、global_names = true</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">它要求数据库链接(database link)和被连接的数据库名称一致。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">现在全局数据库名:db_name+”.”+db_domain</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">③、有跟数据库job执行有关的参数</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">job_queue_processes = 1</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">job_queue_interval = 60</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">distributed_transactions = 10</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">open_links = 4 </font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">第一行定义SNP进程的启动个数为n。系统缺省值为0,正常定义范围为0~36,根据任务的多少,可以配置不同的数值。
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class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">第二行定义系统每隔N秒唤醒该进程一次。系统缺省值为60秒,正常范围为1~3600秒。事实上,该进程执行完当前任务后,就进入睡眠状态,睡眠一段时间后,由系统的总控负责将其唤醒。
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">如果修改了以上这几个参数,需要重新启动数据库以使参数生效。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF"><B>二、实现数据库同步复制的步骤</B></font></TD>
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class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">假设在Internet上我们有两个数据库:一个叫深圳(shenzhen),一个叫北京(beijing)。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">具体配置见下表:</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14> <TABLE width="100%" border=1>
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<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">数据库名</font></TD>
<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">shenzhen</font></TD>
<TD width="34%"><font color="#FFFFFF">beijing</font></TD>
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<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">数据库域名</font></TD>
<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">test.com.cn</font></TD>
<TD width="34%"><font color="#FFFFFF">test.com.cn</font></TD>
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<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">数据库sid号</font></TD>
<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">shenzhen</font></TD>
<TD width="34%"><font color="#FFFFFF">beijing</font></TD>
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<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">Listener端口号</font></TD>
<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">1521</font></TD>
<TD width="34%"><font color="#FFFFFF">1521</font></TD>
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<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">服务器ip地址</font></TD>
<TD width="33%"><font color="#FFFFFF">10.1.1.100</font></TD>
<TD width="34%"><font color="#FFFFFF">10.1.1.200</font></TD>
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class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">1、确认两台数据库之间可以互相访问,在tnsnames.ora里设置数据库连接字符串。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">①、例如:深圳这边的数据库连接字符串是以下的格式</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">beijing =</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">(DESCRIPTION =</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">(ADDRESS_LIST =</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =
10.1.1.200)(PORT = 1521))</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">)</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">(CONNECT_DATA =</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">(SERVICE_NAME = beijing)</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">)</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">) </font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">运行$tnsping beijing </font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">出现以下提示符:</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">Attempting to contact (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.1.200)(PORT=1521))</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">OK(n毫秒) </font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">表明深圳数据库可以访问北京数据库。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">②、在北京那边也同样配置,确认$tnsping shenzhen 是通的。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">2、改数据库全局名称,建公共的数据库链接。</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">①、用system身份登录shenzhen数据库</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">SQL>alter database rename global_name
to shenzhen.test.com.cn;</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">用system身份登录beijing数据库:</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">SQL>alter database rename global_name
to beijing.test.com.cn;</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">②、用system身份登录shenzhen数据库</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">SQL>create public database link
beijing.test.com.cn using 'beijing';</font></TD>
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<TD class=a14><font color="#FFFFFF">测试数据库全局名称和公共的数据库链接</font></TD>
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