📄 t6963clcdtest_c.htm
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<BODY><PRE>/* ----------------------------------------------------------
* Program to control a T6963C-based 240x64 pixel LCD display
* using the PC's Parallel Port (LPT1:) in bidirectional mode
* written in Microsoft Quick C
*
* Written by John P. Beale May 3-4, 1997 beale@best.com
*
* Based on information from Steve Lawther,
* "Writing Software for T6963C based Graphic LCDs", 1997 which is at
* http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_lawther/t6963c.pdf
*
* and the Toshiba T6963C data sheet, also on Steve's WWW page
*
* and info at: http://www.citilink.com/~jsampson/lcdindex.htm
* http://www.cs.colostate.edu/~hirsch/LCD.html
* http://www.hantronix.com/
*
* See also: http://members1.chello.nl/r.schotsman/LCDFrame.htm
* ----------------------------------------------------------
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // rand()
#include <conio.h> // inp() outp() kbhit()
#include <string.h> // strlen()
#include <graph.h> // _settextposition(row,column) ie, (y,x)
#include <math.h> // cos(),sin()
#include <time.h>
/* --------------------------------------------------------------
*
* -------------------------------------------
* 20-pin header on TOSHIBA TLX-711A module *
* (viewed from top-note pin numbering) *
* -------------------------------------------
* 19--FS X1--20 *
* 17--D6 D7--18 *
* 15--D4 D5--16 *
* 13--D2 D3--14 *
* 11--D0 D1--12 *
* 9--XX /RST--10 *
* 7--/CE CD--8 *
* 5--/WR /RD--6 *
* 3--Vdd Vl--4 *
* 1--Fgnd Vss-2 *
* ------------------------
*
* Connecting LCD module TLX-711A-E0 (uses T6963C controller)
* to the PC parallel port: pin connections needed are below.
*
* "PC Port pin" numbers refer to pins on PC's DB25 parallel port.
* Recall that SEL (pin 17), LF (14), and STROBE (1) control ouputs
* are inverted, but Init (16) is true.
*
* LCD Pin ----- PC Port Pin Status Reg. bit
* ------------------------------------------
* C/D (8) <--> (17) /SEL 3
* /WR (5) <--> (16) Init 2
* /RD (6) <--> (14) /LF 1
* /CE (7) <--> (1) /Strobe 0
* -----------------------
* D0 (11) <--> (2) D0
* D1 (12) <--> (3) D1
* D2 (13) <--> (4) D2
* D3 (14) <--> (5) D3
* D4 (15) <--> (6) D4
* D5 (16) <--> (7) D5
* D6 (17) <--> (8) D6
* D7 (18) <--> (9) D7
* GND (2) <--> (25) GND
* --------------------------------------------------------------
* FG (1) frame ground
* +5V (3) LCD logic supply
* -7.8V (4) LCD display contrast
* FS (19) font select
* RST (10) active low
*/
#define CEHI outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) & 0xfe) ) // take PC 1 HI
#define CELO outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) | 0x01) ) // take PC 1 LO
#define RDHI outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) & 0xfd) ) // take PC 14 HI
#define RDLO outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) | 0x02) ) // take PC 14 LO
#define WRHI outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) | 0x04) ) // take PC 16 HI
#define WRLO outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) & 0xfb) ) // take PC 16 LO
#define CDHI outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) & 0xf7) ) // take PC 17 HI
#define CDLO outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) | 0x08) ) // take PC 17 LO
#define DATAIN outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) | 0x20) ) // 8bit Data input
#define DATAOUT outp(pcont, (inp(pcont) & 0xdf) ) // 8bit Data output
/* ----- Definitions concerning LCD internal memory ------ */
#define G_BASE 0x0200 // base address of graphics memory
#define T_BASE 0x0000 // base address of text memory
#define BYTES_PER_ROW 40 // how many bytes per row on screen
/* This will be 30 with 8x8 font, 40 with 6x8 font, for both
Text & Graphics modes. Font selection by FS pin on LCD module:
FS=High: 6x8 font. FS=Low: 8x8 font. */
/* ----------------------------------------------------------- */
#define sgn(x) ((x)>0?1:-1)
#define frand() ((float)rand()/RAND_MAX)
#define UI unsigned int
#define UL unsigned long
void delay(UL d); // delay proportional to "d" value
void dput(int byte); // write data byte to LCD module
int dget(void); // get data byte from LCD module
int sget(void); // check LCD display status pbrt
void cput(int byte); // write command byte to LCD module
void lcd_setup(); // make sure control lines are at correct levels
void lcd_init(); // initialize LCD memory and display modes
void lcd_print(char *string); // send string of characters to LCD
void lcd_clear_graph(); // clear graphics memory of LCD
void lcd_clear_text(); // clear text memory of LCD
void lcd_xy(int x, int y); // set memory pointer to (x,y) position (text)
void lcd_setpixel(int column, int row); // set single pixel in 240x64 array
#define BASE 0x378 // base address for parallel port LPT1:
UI pdata = BASE; // par.port data register
UI pstatus = BASE+1; // par.port status register
UI pcont = BASE+2; // par.port control register
#define home() dput(T_BASE%256);dput(T_BASE>>8);cput(0x24); // upper-left
#define XMAX 239 // limits of (x,y) LCD graphics drawing
#define XMIN 0
#define YMAX 63
#define YMIN 0
#define PI 3.1415926536
void main()
{
int d1; // data from port
int s1; // status register value
int c1; // control register value
int i; // generic counter
int c; // character to write to display
float x,y; // coordinates on graphics screen
float xinc,yinc;
float r,theta; // polar coords. for point dV
float theta_inc;
unsigned int cc;
char string[320]; // string to print to display
char tmpbuf[128]; // time buffer
_clearscreen(_GCLEARSCREEN); // Clears PC's display screen, not LCD
printf("LCD control program. jpb 5/3/97\n");
printf("<esc> to quit.\n");
lcd_setup(); // make sure control lines are at correct levels
printf("Setup lcd sucessfully.\n");
lcd_init(); // initialize LCD memory and display modes
printf("Initialized lcd sucessfully.\n");
do { // outer loop: keypress exits
/* --- display characters available from LCD's ROM CharGen ------ */
lcd_clear_text();
cput(0x97); // Graphics & Text ON, cursor blinking
for (c=0;c<10;c++) {
lcd_xy(0,0); // write text from upper left corner
/*
for (i=0;i<320;i++) {
cc = (unsigned int) (c+i)%0x7f; // display all characters
dput(cc); cput(0xc0); // write char, inc ptr.
}
*/
strcpy(string, "Hello world.");
lcd_print(string);
lcd_xy(0,1); // first character, second line
lcd_print("This is the second line.");
lcd_xy(5,2);
lcd_print("Here is the third line...");
lcd_xy(0,3);
lcd_print("...and so on and so forth.");
lcd_xy(10,5);
lcd_print("Press any key to exit.");
lcd_xy(0,7);
lcd_print("Display by John Beale ");
/* Set time zone from TZ environment variable. If TZ is not set,
* PST8PDT is used (Pacific standard time, daylight savings).
*/
tzset();
/* Display DOS-style date and time, in refresh loop */
for (i=0;i<500;i++) {
lcd_xy(22,0);
_strtime( tmpbuf );
lcd_print( tmpbuf ); // DOS-style time
lcd_print(" "); // intervening space
_strdate( tmpbuf );
lcd_print( tmpbuf ); // DOS-style date
if (kbhit()) break;
}
// delay(400000); // about 0.5 sec on 75 MHz Pentium
}
if (kbhit()) break;
/* ------ bouncing line graphics "screensaver" demo ---------- */
lcd_clear_graph(); // fill graphics memory with 0x00
cput(0x98); // Graphics ON, Text OFF
x=(XMAX-XMIN)/2;
y=(YMAX-YMIN)/2;
r=0.3; theta = 2*PI*frand();
theta_inc = (0.01 * frand()) - 0.005;
for (c=0;c<12000;c++) {
lcd_setpixel((int)x,(int)y); // draw pixel on LCD screen
xinc = r*cos(theta);
yinc = r*sin(theta);
theta += theta_inc;
x += xinc;
y += yinc;
if (x>XMAX) {x=XMAX; theta = PI-theta;}
if (y>YMAX) {y=YMAX; theta = -theta;}
if (x<XMIN) {x=XMIN; theta = PI-theta;}
if (y<YMIN) {y=YMIN; theta = -theta;}
if (kbhit()) break;
// delay(1000); // delay calibrated on 75 MHz Pentium
} // end for(c)
if (kbhit()) getch();
} while (!kbhit());
/* --------------------------------------------------------- */
} // end main
/* Block writes would, I think, run faster if you used the DATA AUTO
mode, eg command 0xB0. I didn't bother.
*/
void lcd_clear_graph() // clear graphics memory of LCD
{
int i;
dput(G_BASE%256);
dput(G_BASE>>8);
cput(0x24); // addrptr at address G_BASE
for (i=0;i<2560;i++) {
dput(0); cput(0xc0); // write data, inc ptr.
} // end for(i)
} // end lcd_clear_graph()
void lcd_clear_text()
{
int i;
dput(T_BASE%256);
dput(T_BASE>>8);
cput(0x24); // addrptr at address T_BASE
for (i=0;i<320;i++) {
dput(0); cput(0xc0); // write data, inc ptr.
} // end for(i)
} // lcd_clear_text()
void lcd_print(char *string) // send string of characters to LCD
{
int i;
int c;
for (i=0;i<strlen(string);i++) {
c = string[i] - 0x20; // convert ASCII to LCD char address
if (c<0) c=0;
dput(c);
cput(0xc0); // write character, increment memory ptr.
} // end for
} // end lcd_string
void lcd_setpixel(int column, int row) // set single pixel in 240x64 array
{
int addr; // memory address of byte containing pixel to write
addr = G_BASE + (row*BYTES_PER_ROW) + (column/6);
dput(addr%256); dput(addr>>8); cput(0x24); // set LCD addr. pointer
cput(0xf8 | (5-(column%6)) ); // set bit-within-byte command
} // end lcd_setpixel()
void lcd_xy(int x, int y) // set memory pointer to (x,y) position (text)
{
int addr;
addr = T_BASE + (y * BYTES_PER_ROW) + x;
dput(addr%256); dput(addr>>8); cput(0x24); // set LCD addr. pointer
} // lcd_xy()
void delay(UL d) // delay proportional to "d" value
{
UL i;
double a;
a = 1.000;
for (i=0;i<d;i++) {
a = a / 1.001;
}
} // end delay()
/* ==============================================================
* Low-level I/O routines to interface to LCD display
* based on four routines:
*
* dput(): write data byte
* cput(): write control byte
* dget(): read data byte (UNTESTED)
* sget(): read status
* ==============================================================
*/
void lcd_setup() // make sure control lines are at correct levels
{
CEHI; // disable chip
RDHI; // disable reading from LCD
WRHI; // disable writing to LCD
CDHI; // command/status mode
DATAOUT; // make 8-bit parallel port an output port
} // end lcd_setup()
void lcd_init() // initialize LCD memory and display modes
{
dput(G_BASE%256);
dput(G_BASE>>8);
cput(0x42); // set graphics memory to address G_BASE
dput(BYTES_PER_ROW%256);
dput(BYTES_PER_ROW>>8);
cput(0x43); // n bytes per graphics line
dput(T_BASE%256);
dput(T_BASE>>8);
cput(0x40); // text memory at address T_BASE
dput(BYTES_PER_ROW%256);
dput(BYTES_PER_ROW>>8);
cput(0x41); // n bytes per text line
cput(0x80); // mode set: Graphics OR Text, ROM CGen
cput(0xa7); // cursor is 8 lines high
dput(0x00);
dput(0x00);
cput(0x21); // put cursor at (x,y) location
cput(0x97); // Graphics & Text ON, cursor blinking
// (For cursor to be visible, need to set up position)
} // end lcd_init()
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
int sget(void) // get LCD display status byte
{
int lcd_status;
DATAIN; // make 8-bit parallel port an input
CDHI; // bring LCD C/D line high (read status byte)
RDLO; // bring LCD /RD line low (read active)
CELO; // bring LCD /CE line low (chip-enable active)
lcd_status = inp(pdata); // read LCD status byte
CEHI; // bring LCD /CE line high, disabling it
RDHI; // deactivate LCD read mode
DATAOUT; // make 8-bit parallel port an output port
return(lcd_status);
} // sget()
void dput(int byte) // write data byte to LCD module over par. port
// assume PC port in data OUTPUT mode
{
do {} while ((0x03 & sget()) != 0x03); // wait until display ready
CDLO;
WRLO; // activate LCD's write mode
outp(pdata, byte); // write value to data port
CELO; // pulse enable LOW > 80 ns (hah!)
CEHI; // return enable HIGH
WRHI; // restore Write mode to inactive
// using my P5/75 MHz PC with ISA bus, CE stays low for 2 microseconds
} // end dput()
int dget(void) // get data byte from LCD module
{
int lcd_byte;
do {} while ((0x03 & sget()) != 0x03); // wait until display ready
DATAIN; // make PC's port an input port
WRHI; // make sure WRITE mode is inactive
CDLO; // data mode
RDLO; // activate READ mode
CELO; // enable chip, which outputs data
lcd_byte = inp(pdata); // read data from LCD
CEHI; // disable chip
RDHI; // turn off READ mode
DATAOUT; // make 8-bit parallel port an output port
return(lcd_byte);
} // dget()
void cput(int byte) // write command byte to LCD module
// assumes port is in data OUTPUT mode
{
do {} while ((0x03 & sget()) != 0x03); // wait until display ready
outp(pdata, byte); // present data to LCD on PC's port pins
CDHI; // control/status mode
RDHI; // make sure LCD read mode is off
WRLO; // activate LCD write mode
CELO; // pulse ChipEnable LOW, > 80 ns, enables LCD I/O
CEHI; // disable LCD I/O
WRHI; // deactivate write mode
} // cput()
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