vi.html

unix 下的C开发手册,还用详细的例程。

and the search continues (until the end of the editing buffer is found).
If a right parenthesis is found when the count is less than or
equal to zero, it is the matching parenthesis.
For a right parenthesis (respectively curly brace)
the editing buffer will be searched
backward (to the beginning of the editing buffer), and each right
parenthesis increments the counter, and each left parenthesis
decrements it.
When searching for parentheses, curly braces
are not counted, and vice versa.
If there is no
matching character,
the terminal will be alerted
and the current position will remain unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line containing the matching character, as
described above.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the column containing the matching character, as
described above.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_023">&nbsp;</a>Repeat Substitution</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &amp;
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Repeat the previous substitution command (equivalent to the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
&amp; command)
using the current line as the target.
Flags specified on the previous substitution command
will be ignored by this command.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged if the previous current column indicator
value was
<i>end-of-line</i>;
otherwise, move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the first character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_024">&nbsp;</a>Return to Previous Context at Beginning of Line</h5>
<xref type="5" name="virpcbl"></xref>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &quot;
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   ' <i>letter</i>
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Return to the previous context when followed by a
'
character, if the context still exists,
placing the cursor at the first non-blank character of the line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
If the previous context no longer exists, the
'
command will have no effect.
When followed by a lower-case letter from the POSIX locale,
return to the line
marked with that letter (see the
m
command),
at the first non-blank character in the line.
<p>
When used with an operator such as <b>d</b> to specify an extent
of text, the operation takes place over complete lines.
(See also
<xref href=virpc><a href="#tag_001_014_2821_025">
Return to Previous Context
</a></xref>.)
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line from the previous context.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_025">&nbsp;</a>Return to Previous Context</h5>
<xref type="5" name="virpc"></xref>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &quot;
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   ` <i>letter</i>
</code>
</pre>
<p>
When followed by a ` character,
return to the previous context,
placing the cursor at the character position marked.
(The previous context will be set whenever
a non-relative move is made.)
When followed by a lower-case letter from the POSIX locale,
return to the line
marked with that letter (see the <b>m</b> command),
at the character position marked.
<p>
When used with an operator such as <b>d</b> to specify an extent
of text, the operation takes place from the exact
marked place to the current position within the line.
(See also
<xref href=virpcbl><a href="#tag_001_014_2821_024">
Return to Previous Context at Beginning of Line
</a></xref>.)
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line from the previous context.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Set to the position of the character marked from the previous context.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_026">&nbsp;</a>Return to Previous Section</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   [[
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Back up to the previous section boundary.
This command is affected by the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>sections</b>
option.
Note that the brackets in this command
are part of the command syntax itself
and are not metacharacters.
<p>
If the
<i>lisp</i>
option is set,
a section boundary is also identified by a
line with a leading
"(".
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the previous line that is a section boundary
or to the first line of the
editing buffer if no more section
boundaries exist preceding the current line.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_027">&nbsp;</a>Move to Next Section</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   ]]
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move forward to a section boundary.
This command is affected by the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>sections</b>
option.
Note that the brackets in this command
are part of the command syntax itself
and are not metacharacters.
<p>
If the
<i>lisp</i>
option is set,
a section boundary is also identified by a
line with a leading
"(".
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the next line that is a section boundary
or to the last line of the
editing buffer if no more section
boundaries exist following the current line.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_028">&nbsp;</a>Move to First Non-blank Position on Current Line</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   ^
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move to the first non-blank position on the current line.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_029">&nbsp;</a>Move Back to Beginning of Sentence</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> (
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move backward to the beginning of a sentence.
A
<i>count</i>
will move back that many sentences.
<p>
If the
<i>lisp</i>
option is set, a
<i>lisp</i>
s-expression is considered a sentence
for this command.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line containing the beginning of the sentence.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the sentence.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_030">&nbsp;</a>Move Forward to Beginning of Sentence</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> )
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move forward to the beginning of a sentence.
A
<i>count</i>
will move forward that many sentences.
<p>
If the
<i>lisp</i>
option is set, a
<i>lisp</i>
s-expression is considered a sentence
for this command.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line containing the beginning of the sentence.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the sentence.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_031">&nbsp;</a>Move Back to Preceding Paragraph</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b>{
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move back to the beginning of the preceding paragraph.
A
<i>count</i>
specifies the number of paragraphs to move backward.
This command is affected by the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>paragraph</b>
option.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line containing the beginning of the previous paragraph.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_032">&nbsp;</a>Move Forward to Next Paragraph</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> }
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move forward to the beginning of the next paragraph.
A
<i>count</i>
specifies the number of paragraphs to move forward.
This command is affected by the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>paragraph</b>
option.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line containing the beginning of the next paragraph.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_033">&nbsp;</a>Move to Specific Column Position</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> |
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Place the cursor in the column position identified by
<i>count</i>
(if that position exists on the line).
If
<i>count</i>
is omitted, it defaults to 1.
If the length of the current line is less than
<i>count</i>,
the cursor will be placed at the end of the current line.
If the column position is spanned by a
tab
or a wide character, the cursor will be placed on the character
following the
<i>count</i>-th
column position.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the column position represented by
<i>count</i>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_034">&nbsp;</a>Reverse Find Character</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> ,
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Reverse the last
f,
F,
t
or
T
command,
looking the other way in the current line.
A
<i>count</i>
will be equivalent to repeating the search that many times.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first column position of the next character found.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_035">&nbsp;</a>Move to First Non-blank of Previous Line</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> -
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move to the first non-blank character in the previous line.
A
<i>count</i>
specifies how many lines to move back.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
<i>line</i>
-
<i>count</i>
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the last character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_036">&nbsp;</a>Repeat</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> .
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Repeat the last command that changed the buffer.
A
<i>count</i>
will be passed on to the command being repeated.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Dependent on the results of the execution of the
last command that changed the buffer.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Dependent on the results of the execution of the
last command that changed the buffer.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_037">&nbsp;</a>Find Regular Expression</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:    /
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Prompt the user to enter
a string on the last line on the screen,
interpret it as a regular expression (see
<xref href=exre><a href="ex.html#tag_001_014_598_050">
Regular Expressions in ex
</a></xref>),
and scan forward for the next occurrence of a matching string.
The search will begin when a
newline character
or an
escape character
is entered to terminate the pattern;
it can be prematurely terminated with an interrupt.
<p>
When used with an operator to specify an extent of text,
the defined region is from the current cursor position
to the beginning of the matched string.
Whole lines can be specified by giving an offset from the
matched line
(using a closing / followed by a <b>+</b><i>n</i> or <b>-</b><i>n</i>).
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Move to the line in which the first (or next) regular expression match occurred.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the column of the first character of the matched string.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_038">&nbsp;</a>Move to First Character in Line</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   0  (zero)
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move to the first character on the current line.
(The zero will not be interpreted as a command
when it is preceded by a non-zero digit.)
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Column position 1.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_039">&nbsp;</a>Execute an ex Command</h5>
<xref type="5" name="viex"></xref>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:    :
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Execute an
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
command.
The implementation need not support an
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
command that enters input mode (that is,
<b>append</b>,
<b>change</b>
or
<b>insert</b>).
The <b>:</b> character, as well as the entered command,
will be displayed on the bottom line.
The command will be executed when the input is terminated by entering a
newline character
or an
escape character.
Typing a
&lt;control&gt;-V
(or
&lt;control&gt;-Q)
character will escape the following character,
allowing its literal value to be entered.
<dl><dt><b>Note:</b>
<dd>This special property of
&lt;control&gt;-V
and
&lt;control&gt;-Q
is only effective in visual or open modes
and in
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
commands called from visual or open mode with the ":"
command.
</dl>
<p>
If the
<b>ex</b>
command causes the screen to be scrolled or causes an escape to the shell,
<b>vi</b>
will display a message indicating that it is waiting for a
newline
character.
When a
newline
or an
escape
character is entered, the
screen will be refreshed.
<p>
When executing an individual
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
command by entering ":", it is not possible to enter a
newline character
as part of the command because it is considered the
end of the command.
As explained in
<xref href=exrep><a href="ex.html#tag_001_014_598_051">
Replacement Strings in ex
</a></xref>,