vi.html

unix 下的C开发手册,还用详细的例程。

<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the first character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_006">&nbsp;</a>Display Information</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-G
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Display an informational message listing the current
pathname, current line, number of lines and other
unspecified information, as does the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
command
<i>file</i>.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_007">&nbsp;</a>Move Cursor Backwards</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-H
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> h
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor back
<i>count</i>
characters on the current line.
No characters will be
erased from the screen by this command.
In input mode,
&lt;control&gt;-H
will have the exact same function.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Set to
(<i>column</i>
- the number of columns occupied by
<i>count</i>
characters ending with the previous current column)
or the beginning of the line if
<i>count</i>
is greater than the number of characters
preceding the current character in the current line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_008">&nbsp;</a>Move Down in Column</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-J
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> j
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-N
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor down
<i>count</i>
lines without changing the current column.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
<i>current line</i>
+
<i>count</i>.
Unchanged if
<i>count</i>
is greater than the number of lines in the buffer
following the current line.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_009">&nbsp;</a>Clear and Redisplay</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-L
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Clear and redisplay the screen.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_010">&nbsp;</a>Move Cursor Down to Non-blank</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-M
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> +
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor down
<i>count</i>
lines
to the first non-blank character of that line.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
<i>line</i>
+
<i>count</i>.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the first character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_011">&nbsp;</a>Move Up in Column</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-P
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> k
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor up
<i>count</i>
lines
without changing the current column.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
<i>line</i>
-
<i>count</i>.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_012">&nbsp;</a>Redraw Screen</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-R
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Redraw the current screen.
If any lines have been deleted from
the logical screen and flagged as deleted on the terminal using
the "@" convention (see
the beginning of the EXTENDED DESCRIPTION section),
they will be deleted, and
the logical screen will be redisplayed.
Lines flagged with @
because they do not fit on the terminal display will not be affected.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_013">&nbsp;</a>Move Forward with Tabs</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-T
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor forward
<i>shiftwidth</i>
(see the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>shiftwidth</b>
option)
positions in insert mode by inserting
tab
characters, followed by space characters, as necessary,
if the current cursor position is at the
beginning of a line or preceded only by
blank characters.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
<i>column</i>
+
<i>shiftwidth</i>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_014">&nbsp;</a>Scroll Backward</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-U
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Scroll backward
<i>count</i>
lines in the file.
If
<i>count</i>
is
not specified, the same number of lines will be scrolled as by
the previous
&lt;control&gt;-D
or
&lt;control&gt;-U
command.
On the first
&lt;control&gt;-D
or
&lt;control&gt;-U
command, the amount scrolled will be the value of the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
<b>scroll</b>
editor option.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
(<i>line</i>
- amount scrolled).
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Move to the first non-blank character of the current line
or the first character if the line is a blank line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_015">&nbsp;</a>Escape Next Character</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-V <i>character</i>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-Q <i>character</i>
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Allow the entry of a subsequent
<i>character</i>,
removing any special meaning to the editor it has in input
mode (for example, the escape character).
The character
^
will be displayed in
the current cursor position until the subsequent character
is typed, which then replaces the character
^.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_016">&nbsp;</a>Delete Word</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;control&gt;-W
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Delete the word preceding the cursor
(including any blank characters between the end of the word and the
current cursor position) in input mode by moving the cursor back to the
beginning of the word.
No characters will be erased from the
screen by this command.
Only text entered during the
current input mode session and on the current line can be
deleted with this command.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Moved back as described above.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_017">&nbsp;</a>Scroll Backward by Line</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;control&gt;-Y
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Scroll backward
<i>count</i>
lines, leaving the current line
and column as is, if possible.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the
screen; otherwise, the last line displayed.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the screen; otherwise,
move to the first character if it is a blank line or the last character
of the line if the position of the current column is further into the
line than the position of the last column of the line.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_018">&nbsp;</a>Terminate Command or Input Mode</h5>
<xref type="5" name="viterm"></xref>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   &lt;ESC&gt;
</code>
</pre>
<p>
The effects of
the escape character
depend on the mode and the command being entered, as follows:
<ul>
<p>
<li>
In command mode:
<ul>
<p>
<li>
If a line-oriented command ("/", "?", ":" or "!")
is being entered,
terminate the line-oriented command and execute it.
<p>
<li>
If only part of a command has been
entered, cancel the partial command.
A command is not considered to be partially entered until at least one
non-<i>count</i>
character has been entered.
For example,
33c&lt;ESC&gt;
is partially entered and silently canceled,
whereas
33&lt;ESC&gt;
alerts the terminal
(see the next item).
<p>
<li>
Otherwise, alert the terminal.
<p>
</ul>
<p>
<li>
In input mode:
Terminate input mode and return to command mode.
At this point any text that was deleted in input
mode, but that has not yet been erased from the screen,
will be erased from the screen; the current line will be redisplayed to
match exactly the changes made in input mode.
<p>
</ul>
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
When a line-oriented command is being terminated,
the current line indicator will be set as given for that command.
Otherwise, unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
When a line-oriented command is being terminated,
the current column indicator will be set as given for that command.
When terminating input mode, if the cursor is not at the
beginning of a line, the current
column position will be set to
(<i>column</i>
- the width of the
last character inserted).
Otherwise, unchanged.
<p>
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_019">&nbsp;</a>Move Cursor Forward</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> &lt;space&gt;
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> l  (ell)
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor forward
<i>count</i>
characters without changing the current line.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
Unchanged.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
(<i>current column</i>
+ the width of the next
<i>count</i>
characters)
or the end of the line if
<i>count</i>
is greater than the number of characters in the line following
the current column.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_020">&nbsp;</a>Replace Text with Results from Shell Command</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> ! <i>motion shell-commands</i> &lt;newline&gt;
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Pass the lines specified by
<i>count</i>
and
<i>motion</i>
as standard input to a shell command,
for the program named in the
<i>SHELL</i>
environment variable,
and replace those lines
with the standard output of the shell command.
An implementation may consider a
<i>motion</i>
command that does not result in an integral number of lines to be an error.
After the
<i>motion</i>
is entered, the text of the command will be
prompted for on the last line of the display as described
at the beginning of the EXTENDED DESCRIPTION section.
A warning will be issued if the buffer has been changed since the last write.
<p>
Within the text of
<i>command</i>,
"%"
and
"#"
will be expanded as pathnames (the current and alternative pathnames,
respectively),
and
"!"
will be replaced with the text of the previous
"!"
or
:!
command.
(Thus,
!!
will repeat the previous
"!"
command.)
If no
"!"
or
:!
command has yet been executed, an
informational message will be displayed stating the problem.
<p>
The special meanings of
"%",
"#"
and
"!"
can be overridden by
escaping them with a backslash character.
This command is affected by the
<i><a href="ex.html">ex</a></i>
editor options
<b>autowrite</b>
and
<b>writeany</b>.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
The first line in
<i>range</i>.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
The first column of the replaced text.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_021">&nbsp;</a>Move Cursor to End-of-line</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <b>[</b><i>count</i><b>]</b> $
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor forward to the end of a line.
The
<i>count</i>
argument specifies the number of lines, including
the current line, to move forward.
<p>
<i>Current line :</i>
<i>line</i>
+
<i>count</i>
- 1.
<p>
<i>Current column :</i>
<i>end-of-line</i>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2821_022">&nbsp;</a>Move to Matching Character</h5>
<pre>
<code>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   %
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Move the cursor to the parenthesis or
curly brace matching the parenthesis or curly brace
at the current position or on the
current line forward from the current position.
Matching will be determined as follows:
for a left parenthesis
(respectively curly brace) the
editing buffer will be searched forward until
either a left or right parenthesis is found.
If a left parenthesis is found, a counter is incremented by one and if a
right parenthesis is found, a counter is decremented by one,