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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>jobs</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1023"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>jobs - display status of jobs in the current session</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1024"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>jobs <b>[</b> -l| -p<b>][</b><i>job_id</i>...<b>]</b></code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1025"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The<i>jobs</i>utility displays the status of jobsthat were started in the current shell environment; see<xref href=shexenv><a href="chap2.html#tag_001_012">Shell Execution Environment</a></xref>.<p>When<i>jobs</i>reports the termination status of a job,the shell removes its process IDfrom the list of those "known in the current shell execution environment";see<xref href=asyncl><a href="chap2.html#tag_001_009_003">Lists</a></xref>.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1026"> </a>OPTIONS</h4><blockquote>The<i>jobs</i>utility supports the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/utilconv.html#usg"><b>Utility Syntax Guidelines</b> </a> .<p>The following options are supported:<dl compact><dt><b>-l</b><dd>(The letter ell.)Provide more information about each job listed.This information includes thejob number, current job, process group ID, stateand the command that formed the job.<dt><b>-p</b><dd>Display only the process IDs for the process group leadersof the selected jobs.</dl><p>By default, the<i>jobs</i>utility displays the status of all stopped jobs,running background jobs and all jobs whose status haschanged and have not been reported by the shell.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1027"> </a>OPERANDS</h4><blockquote>The following operand is supported:<dl compact><dt><i>job_id</i><dd>Specifies the jobs for which the status is to be displayed.If no<i>job_id</i>is given, the status information for all jobs will be displayed.The format of<i>job_id</i>is described in the entry for<b>job control job ID</b>inthe <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/glossary.html"><b>Glossary</b> </a> .</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1028"> </a>STDIN</h4><blockquote>Not used.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1029"> </a>INPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1030"> </a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4><blockquote>The following environment variables affect the execution of<i>jobs</i>:<dl compact><dt><i>LANG</i><dd>Provide a default value for the internationalisation variablesthat are unset or null.If<i>LANG</i>is unset or null, the corresponding value from theimplementation-dependent default locale will be used.If any of the internationalisation variables contains an invalid setting, theutility will behave as if none of the variables had been defined.<dt><i>LC_ALL</i><dd>If set to a non-empty string value,override the values of all the other internationalisation variables.<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i><dd>Determine thelocale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data ascharacters (for example, single- as opposed to multi-byte charactersin arguments).<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i><dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affectthe format and contents of diagnosticmessages written to standard errorand informative messages written to standard output.<dt><i>NLSPATH</i><dd>Determine the location of message cataloguesfor the processing of<i>LC_MESSAGES .</i></dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1031"> </a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4><blockquote>Default.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1032"> </a>STDOUT</h4><blockquote>If the<b>-p</b>option is specified, the output consists of one line for eachprocess ID:<p><code><tt>"%d\n"</tt>, <<i>process ID</i>></code><p>Otherwise, if the<b>-l</b>option is not specified, the output is a series of lines of the form:<p><code><pre><tt>"[%d] %c %s %s\n"</tt>, <<i>job-number</i>>,<<i>current</i>>,<<i>state</i>>,<<i>command</i>></code></pre>where the fields are as follows:<dl compact><dt><b><</b><i>current</i><b>></b><dd>The character "+"identifies the job that would be used as a default for the<i><a href="fg.html">fg</a></i>or<i><a href="bg.html">bg</a></i>utilities; this job can also be specified using the<i>job_id</i><b>%+</b>or<b>%%</b>.The character "-" identifies the job that would become the defaultif the current default job were to exit;this job can also be specified using the<i>job_id</i><b>%-</b>.For other jobs, this field is aspace character.At most one job can be identified with "+" and at most one jobcan be identified with "-".If there is any suspended job, then the current jobwill be a suspended job.If there are at least two suspended jobs,then the previous job will also be a suspended job.<dt><b><</b><i>job-number</i><b>></b><dd>A number that can be used to identify the process group to the<i><a href="wait.html">wait</a></i>,<i><a href="fg.html">fg</a></i>,<i><a href="bg.html">bg</a></i>and<i><a href="kill.html">kill</a></i>utilities.Using these utilities, the job can be identifiedby prefixing the job number with "%".<dt><b><</b><i>state</i><b>></b><dd>One of the following strings (in the POSIX locale):<dl compact><dt><b>Running</b><dd>Indicates that the job has not been suspendedby a signal and has not exited.<dt><b>Done</b><dd>Indicates that the job completed and returned exit status zero.<dt><b>Done(</b><i>code</i><b>)</b><dd>Indicates that the job completed normally andthat it exited with the specified non-zero exit status,<i>code</i>,expressed as a decimal number.<dt><b>Stopped</b><br><b>Stopped (SIGTSTP)</b><dd>Indicates that the job was suspended by the SIGTSTP signal.<dt><b>Stopped (SIGSTOP)</b><dd>Indicates that the job was suspended by the SIGSTOP signal.<dt><b>Stopped (SIGTTIN)</b><dd>Indicates that the job was suspended by the SIGTTIN signal.<dt><b>Stopped (SIGTTOU)</b><dd>Indicates that the job was suspended by the SIGTTOU signal.</dl><p>The implementation may substitute the string<b>Suspended</b>in place of<b>Stopped</b>.If the job was terminated by a signal, the format of<<i>state</i>>is unspecified, but it will be visibly distinctfrom all of the other<<i>state</i>>formats shown here and will indicate the name or descriptionof the signal causing the termination.<p><dt><b><</b><i>command</i><b>></b><dd>The associated command that was given to the shell.<p></dl><p>If the<b>-l</b>option is specified, a field containingthe process group IDis inserted before the<<i>state</i>>field.Also, more processes in a process group may be outputon separate lines, using only the process ID and<<i>command</i>>fields.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1033"> </a>STDERR</h4><blockquote>Used only for diagnostic messages.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1034"> </a>OUTPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1035"> </a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1036"> </a>EXIT STATUS</h4><blockquote>The following exit values are returned:<dl compact><dt>0<dd>Successful completion.<dt>>0<dd>An error occurred.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1037"> </a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4><blockquote>Default.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1038"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>The<b>-p</b>optionis the only portable way to find out the process group of a jobbecause different implementations havedifferent strategies for defining the process group of the job.Usage such as$(jobs -p)provides a wayof referring to the process group of the job in animplementation-independent way.<p>The<i>jobs</i>utility will not work as expected when itis operating in its own utility execution environmentbecause that environment will have no applicable jobsto manipulate.See the APPLICATION USAGE section for<i><a href="bg.html">bg</a></i>.For this reason,<i>jobs</i>is generally implemented as a shell regular built-in.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1039"> </a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1040"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_1041"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="bg.html">bg</a></i>,<i><a href="fg.html">fg</a></i>,<i><a href="kill.html">kill</a></i>,<i><a href="wait.html">wait</a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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