stty.html

unix 下的C开发手册,还用详细的例程。

This has the effect of setting (not setting)
IEXTEN
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>echo (-echo)</b><dd>
Echo back (do not echo back) every character typed.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
ECHO
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>echoe (-echoe)</b><dd>
The
ERASE
character will (will not) visually erase the last character
in the current line from the
display, if possible.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
ECHOE
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>echok (-echok)</b><dd>
Echo (do not echo)
NL
after
KILL
character.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
ECHOK
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>echonl (-echonl)</b><dd>
Echo (do not echo)
NL,
even if
<b>echo</b>
is disabled.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
ECHONL
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>noflsh (-noflsh)</b><dd>
Disable (enable) flush after
INTR,
QUIT,
SUSP.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
NOFLSH
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .

<dt><b>tostop (-tostop)</b><dd>
Send SIGTTOU for background output.
This has the effect of setting (not setting)
TOSTOP
in the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_lflag</b>
field, as defined in the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .
<dl><dt><b>Note:</b>
<dd>Setting TOSTOP has no effect on systems not supporting
the job control option, but all XSI-conformant systems do support this option.
</dl>
<p>
</dl>
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2129_005">&nbsp;</a>Special Control Character Assignments</h5>
<dl compact>

<dt><i>&lt;control&gt;-character string</i><dd>
Set
<i>&lt;control&gt;-character</i>
to
<i>string</i>.
If
<i>&lt;control&gt;-character</i>
is one of the character sequences in the first column of
the following table,
the corresponding <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a>  control character
from the second column will be recognised.
This has the effect of setting the corresponding element of the
<b>termios</b>
<b>c_cc</b>
array (see the <b>XSH</b> specification
<i><a href="../xsh/termios.h.html">&lt;termios.h&gt;</a></i>).

<table  bordercolor=#000000 border=1 align=center><tr valign=top><th align=center><b>Control Character</b>
<th align=center><b>c_cc Subscript</b>
<th align=center><b>Description</b>
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>eof</b>
<td align=left>VEOF
<td align=left>EOF character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>eol</b>
<td align=left>VEOL
<td align=left>EOL character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>erase</b>
<td align=left>VERASE
<td align=left>ERASE character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>intr</b>
<td align=left>VINTR
<td align=left>INTR character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>kill</b>
<td align=left>VKILL
<td align=left>KILL character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>quit</b>
<td align=left>VQUIT
<td align=left>QUIT character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>susp</b>
<td align=left>VSUSP
<td align=left>SUSP character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>start</b>
<td align=left>VSTART
<td align=left>START character
<tr valign=top><td align=left><b>stop</b>
<td align=left>VSTOP
<td align=left>STOP character
</table>
<h6 align=center><xref table="Control Character Names in <I>stty</i>"></xref>Table: Control Character Names in <i>stty</i></h6>

If
<i>string</i>
is a single character, the control character will be set to that character.
If
<i>string</i>
is the two-character sequence "^-" or the string
undef,
the control character will be set to
{_POSIX_VDISABLE},
if it is in effect for the device; if
{_POSIX_VDISABLE}
is not in effect for the device, it
will be treated as an error.
In the POSIX locale, if
<i>string</i>
is a two-character sequence
beginning with circumflex (^), and the second character is
one of those listed in the <i>^c</i>
column of
the following table,
the control character will be set to the corresponding
character value in the Value column of the table.
<pre>
<table  bordercolor=#000000 border=1 align=center><tr valign=top><th align=center><b>^<i>c</i></b>
<th align=center><b>Value</b>
<th align=center><b>^<i>c</i></b>
<th align=center><b>Value</b>
<th align=center><b>^<i>c</i></b>
<th align=center><b>Value</b>
<tr valign=top><td align=left>a, A
<td align=left>&lt;SOH&gt;
<td align=left>l, L
<td align=left>&lt;FF&gt;
<td align=left>w, W
<td align=left>&lt;ETB&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>b, B
<td align=left>&lt;STX&gt;
<td align=left>m, M
<td align=left>&lt;CR&gt;
<td align=left>x, X
<td align=left>&lt;CAN&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>c, C
<td align=left>&lt;ETX&gt;
<td align=left>n, N
<td align=left>&lt;SO&gt;
<td align=left>y, Y
<td align=left>&lt;EM&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>d, D
<td align=left>&lt;EOT&gt;
<td align=left>o, O
<td align=left>&lt;SI&gt;
<td align=left>z, Z
<td align=left>&lt;SUB&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>e, E
<td align=left>&lt;ENQ&gt;
<td align=left>p, P
<td align=left>&lt;DLE&gt;
<td align=left>[
<td align=left>&lt;ESC&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>f, F
<td align=left>&lt;ACK&gt;
<td align=left>q, Q
<td align=left>&lt;DC1&gt;
<td align=left>\
<td align=left>&lt;FS&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>g, G
<td align=left>&lt;BEL&gt;
<td align=left>r, R
<td align=left>&lt;DC2&gt;
<td align=left>]
<td align=left>&lt;GS&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>h, H
<td align=left>&lt;BS&gt;
<td align=left>s, S
<td align=left>&lt;DC3&gt;
<td align=left>^
<td align=left>&lt;RS&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>i, I
<td align=left>&lt;HT&gt;
<td align=left>t, T
<td align=left>&lt;DC4&gt;
<td align=left>_
<td align=left>&lt;US&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>j, J
<td align=left>&lt;LF&gt;
<td align=left>u, U
<td align=left>&lt;NAK&gt;
<td align=left>?
<td align=left>&lt;DEL&gt;
<tr valign=top><td align=left>k, K
<td align=left>&lt;VT&gt;
<td align=left>v, V
<td align=left>&lt;SYN&gt;
<td align=left>&nbsp;
<td align=left>&nbsp;
</table>
</pre>
<h6 align=center><xref table="Circumflex Control Characters in <I>stty</i>"></xref>Table: Circumflex Control Characters in <i>stty</i></h6>


<dt><b>min </b><i>number</i><dd>
<dt><b>time </b><i>number</i><dd>
Set the value of
<b>min</b>
or
<b>time</b>
to <i>number</i>.
MIN and TIME are used in non-canonical mode input processing
(<b>-icanon</b>).

</dl>
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_2129_006">&nbsp;</a>Combination Modes</h5>
<xref type="5" name="sttycomb"></xref>
<dl compact>

<dt><i>saved settings</i><dd>
Set the current terminal characteristics to the saved
settings produced by the
<b>-g</b>
option.

<dt><b>evenp</b> or <b>parity</b><dd>
Enable <b>parenb</b> and <b>cs7</b>;
disable
<b>parodd</b>.

<dt><b>oddp</b><dd>Enable <b>parenb</b>, <b>cs7</b> and <b>parodd</b>.

<dt><b>-parity</b>, <b>-evenp</b> or <b>-oddp</b><dd>
Disable <b>parenb</b>, and set
<b>cs8</b>.

<dt><b>raw</b>&nbsp;(<b>-raw</b>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<b>cooked</b>)<dd>
Enable (disable) raw input and output.
Raw mode is equivalent to setting:
<pre>
<code>
stty cs8 erase ^- kill ^- intr ^- \
    quit ^- eof ^- eol ^- -opost -inpck
</code>
</pre>

<dt><b>nl (-nl)</b><dd>Enable (disable) <b>icrnl</b>.
In addition, <b>-nl</b> unsets
<b>inlcr</b> and <b>igncr</b>.

<dt><b>lcase (-lcase)</b><dd>
Set (unset)
<b>xcase</b>,
<b>iuclc</b>
and
<b>olcuc</b>.
(<b>LEGACY</b>)

<dt><b>LCASE (-LCASE)</b><dd>
Equivalent to
lcase (-lcase).
(<b>LEGACY</b>)

<dt><b>tabs</b>&nbsp;(<b>-tabs</b>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<b>tab3</b>)<dd>
Preserve tabs (expand to spaces) when printing.

<dt><b>ek</b><dd>Reset
ERASE
and
KILL
characters back to system defaults.

<dt><b>sane</b><dd>Reset all modes to some reasonable, unspecified, values.

</dl>
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2130">&nbsp;</a>STDIN</h4><blockquote>
Although no input is read from standard input, standard input is
used to get the current terminal I/O characteristics and to set
new terminal I/O characteristics.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2131">&nbsp;</a>INPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>
None.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2132">&nbsp;</a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4><blockquote>
The following environment variables affect the execution of
<i>stty</i>:
<dl compact>

<dt><i>LANG</i><dd>Provide a default value for the internationalisation variables
that are unset or null.
If
<i>LANG</i>
is unset or null, the corresponding value from the
implementation-dependent default locale will be used.
If any of the internationalisation variables contains an invalid setting, the
utility will behave as if none of the variables had been defined.

<dt><i>LC_ALL</i><dd>
If set to a non-empty string value,
override the values of all the other internationalisation variables.

<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i><dd>
This variable will determine the
locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as
characters (for example, single-
versus multi-byte characters in arguments)
and which characters are in the class
<b>print</b>.

<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i><dd>
Determine the locale that should be used to affect
the format and contents of diagnostic
messages written to standard error.

<dt><i>NLSPATH</i><dd>
Determine the location of message catalogues
for the processing of
<i>LC_MESSAGES .
</i>
</dl>
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2133">&nbsp;</a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4><blockquote>
Default.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2134">&nbsp;</a>STDOUT</h4><blockquote>
If operands are specified, no output is produced.
<p>
If the
<b>-g</b>
option is specified,
<i>stty</i>
will write to standard output the
current settings in a form that can be used as arguments to
another instance of
<i>stty</i>
on the same system.
<p>
If the
<b>-a</b>
option is specified, all of the information as described in
the OPERANDS section will be written to standard output.
Unless otherwise
specified, this information is written as
space-separated
tokens in an unspecified format, on one or more lines, with an
unspecified number of tokens per line.
Additional information may be written.
<p>
If no options or operands are specified, an unspecified
subset of the information written for the
<b>-a</b>
option is written.
<p>
If speed information is written as part
of the default output, or if the
<b>-a</b>
option is specified and
if the terminal input speed and output speed are the same,
the speed information will be written as follows:
<p><code>
<pre>
<tt>"speed %d baud;"</tt>, &lt;<i>speed</i>&gt;
</pre>
</code>
<p>
Otherwise, speeds will be written as:
<p><code>
<pre>
<tt>"ispeed %d baud; ospeed %d baud;"</tt>, &lt;<i>ispeed</i>&gt;,
&lt;<i>ospeed</i>&gt;
</pre>
</code>
<p>
In locales other than the POSIX locale, the word
<b>baud</b>
may be changed to something more appropriate in those locales.
<p>
If control characters are written
as part of the default output, or if the
<b>-a</b>
option is specified,
control characters will be written as:
<p><code>
<pre>
<tt>"%s = %s;"</tt>, &lt;<i>&lt;control&gt;-character name</i>&gt;,
&lt;<i>value</i>&gt;
</pre>
</code>
where <i>value</i> is either the character, or some visual representation
of the character if it is non-printable, or the string
&lt;undef&gt;
if the character is disabled.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2135">&nbsp;</a>STDERR</h4><blockquote>
Used only for diagnostic messages.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2136">&nbsp;</a>OUTPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>
None.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2137">&nbsp;</a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>
None.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2138">&nbsp;</a>EXIT STATUS</h4><blockquote>
The following exit values are returned:
<dl compact>

<dt>0<dd>The terminal options were read or set successfully.

<dt>&gt;0<dd>An error occurred.

</dl>
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2139">&nbsp;</a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4><blockquote>
Default.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2140">&nbsp;</a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>
The
<b>-g</b>
flag is designed to
facilitate the saving and restoring of terminal state from
the shell level.
For example, a program may:
<pre>
<code>
saveterm="$(stty -g)"       # save terminal state
stty <i>(new settings)</i>         # set new state
...                             # ...
stty $saveterm              # restore terminal state
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Since the format is unspecified, the saved value is not portable
across systems.
<p>
Since the
<b>-a</b>
format is so loosely specified,
scripts that save and restore terminal settings should use the
<b>-g</b>
option.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2141">&nbsp;</a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>
None.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2142">&nbsp;</a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>
The IEEE PASC 1003.2 Interpretations Committee has forwarded concerns about
parts of this interface definition to the IEEE PASC Shell and Utilities Working Group
which is identifying the corrections.
A future revision of this specification will align with
IEEE Std. 1003.2b when finalised.
</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_2143">&nbsp;</a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote>
The <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/termios.html"><b>General Terminal Interface</b>&nbsp;</a> .
</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade>
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