mailx.html

unix 下的C开发手册,还用详细的例程。

is set, the
<i>mailx</i>
prompt will be written.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_009">&nbsp;</a>Discard Header Fields</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
di<b>[</b>scard<b>] [</b><i>header-field</i>...<b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
ig<b>[</b>nore<b>] [</b><i>header-field</i>...<b>]</b>
<p>
Suppress the specified header fields when writing messages.
Specified
<i>header-fields</i>
will be added to the list of suppressed header fields.
Examples of header fields to ignore are
<b>status</b>
and
<b>cc</b>.
The fields will be included when the message is saved.
The
<b>Print</b>
and
<b>Type</b>
commands override this command.
The comparison of header fields is in a case-insensitive manner.
If no arguments are specified, write a list of the currently suppressed
header fields to standard output; the listing need not reflect the same
order of header fields that were entered.
<p>
If both
<b>retain</b>
and
<b>discard</b>
commands are given,
<b>discard</b>
commands are ignored.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_010">&nbsp;</a>Delete Messages and Display</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
dp <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
dt <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Delete the specified messages from the mailbox
and write the next message
after the last one deleted.
If there is no subsequent message,
the
<i>mailx</i>
prompt will be written.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_011">&nbsp;</a>Echo a String</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
ec<b>[</b>ho<b>] </b><i>string ...</i>
<p>
Echo the given strings, equivalent to the shell
<i><a href="echo.html">echo</a></i>
utility.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_012">&nbsp;</a>Edit Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
e<b>[</b>dit<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Edit the given messages.
The messages will be placed in a temporary file and the
utility named by the
<i>EDITOR</i>
variable
will be invoked to edit the file.
<p>
The
<b>edit</b>
command merely edits the specified messages in a temporary file.
It does not modify the contents of those messages in the mailbox.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_013">&nbsp;</a>Exit</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
ex<b>[</b>it<b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
x<b>[</b>it<b>]</b>
<p>
Exit from
<i>mailx</i>
without changing the mailbox.
No messages will be saved in the
<b>mbox</b>
(see also
<b>quit</b>).
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_014">&nbsp;</a>Change Folder</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
fi<b>[</b>le<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>file</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
fold<b>[</b>er<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>file</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Quit (see the
<b>quit</b>
command)
from the current file of messages and read in the file
named by the pathname
<i>file</i>.
If no argument is given,
the name and status of the current mailbox
will be written.
<p>
Several unquoted special characters are recognised when used as
<i>file</i>
names, with the following substitutions:
<dl compact>

<dt><b>%</b><dd>The system mailbox for the invoking user.

<dt><b>%</b><i>user</i><dd>The system mailbox for
<i>user</i>.

<dt><b>#</b><dd>The previous file.

<dt><b>&amp;</b><dd>The current
<b>mbox</b>.

<dt><b>+</b><i>file</i><dd>The named file in the
<b>folder</b>
directory.
(See the
<b>folder</b>
variable.)

</dl>
<p>
The default file is the current mailbox.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_015">&nbsp;</a>Display List of Folders</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
folders
<p>
Write the names of the files in the
directory set by the
<b>folder</b>
variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_016">&nbsp;</a>Follow up Specified Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
fo<b>[</b>llowup<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>message</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
F<b>[</b>ollowup<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
In the lower-case form,
respond to a message,
recording the response in a file whose name is derived from the
author of the message.
Overrides the
<b>record</b>
variable, if set.
See also the
<b>save</b>
and
<b>copy</b>
commands and
<b>outfolder</b>.
<p>
In the capitalised form,
respond to the first message in the
<i>msglist</i>,
sending the message to the author of each message in the
<i>msglist</i>.
The subject line is taken from the first message
and the response is recorded in a file whose name is derived
from the author of the first message.
See also the
Save
and
Copy
commands and
<b>outfolder</b>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_017">&nbsp;</a>Display Header Summary for Specified Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
f<b>[</b>rom<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the header summary for the specified messages.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_018">&nbsp;</a>Display Header Summary</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
h<b>[</b>eaders<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>message</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the page of headers that includes the message specified.
The
<b>screen</b>
variable sets the number of headers per page.
See also the
<b>z</b>
command.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_019">&nbsp;</a>Help</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
hel<b>[</b>p<b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
?
<p>
Write a summary of commands.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_020">&nbsp;</a>Hold Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
ho<b>[</b>ld<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
pre<b>[</b>serve<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Mark the messages in
<i>msglist</i>
to be retained in the mailbox when
<i>mailx</i>
terminates.
This overrides any commands that might
previously have marked the messages to be deleted.
During the
current invocation of
<i>mailx</i>,
only the
<b>delete</b>,
<b>dp</b>
or
<b>dt</b>
commands will remove the
<i>preserve</i>
marking of a message.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_021">&nbsp;</a>Execute Commands Conditionally</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:	i<b>[</b>f<b>]</b> s|r
<pre>
	<i>mail-command</i>s
	el<b>[</b>se<b>]</b>
	<i>mail-command</i>s
	en<b>[</b>dif<b>]</b>
</pre>
<p>
Execute commands conditionally, where
<b>if</b>s
will execute the following
<i>mail-command</i>s, up to an
<b>else</b>
or
<b>endif</b>,
if the program is in
Send Mode, and
<b>if</b>r
will cause the
<i>mail-command</i>s to be executed only in
Receive Mode.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_022">&nbsp;</a>List Available Commands</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
l<b>[</b>ist<b>]</b>
<p>
Write a list of all commands available.
No explanation is given.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_023">&nbsp;</a>Mail a Message</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
m<b>[</b>ail<b>]</b> <i>address</i>...
<p>
Mail a message to the specified addresses or aliases.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_024">&nbsp;</a>Direct Messages to mbox</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
mb<b>[</b>ox<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Arrange for the given messages to end up in the
<b>mbox</b>
save file when
<i>mailx</i>
terminates normally.
See
<i>MBOX .
</i>See also the
<b>exit</b>
and
<b>quit</b>
commands.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_025">&nbsp;</a>Process Next Specified Message</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
n<b>[</b>ext<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>message</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Go to the next message matching
<i>message</i>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_026">&nbsp;</a>Pipe Message</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
pi<b>[</b>pe<b>] [[</b><i>msglist</i><b>] </b><i>command</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
| <b>[[</b><i>msglist</i><b>] </b><i>command</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Pipe the messages through the given
<i>command</i>
by invoking the command interpreter specified by
<i>SHELL</i>
with two arguments:
<b>-c</b>
and
<i>command</i>.
(See also
<i><a href="sh.html">sh</a></i>
<b>-c</b>.)
The command must be given as a single argument.
Quoting, described previously, can be used to accomplish this.
If no arguments are given,
the current message will be piped through the command specified by the
value of the
<b>cmd</b>
variable.
If the
<b>page</b>
variable is set,
a
form-feed
character will be inserted after each message.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_027">&nbsp;</a>Display Message with Headers</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
P<b>[</b>rint<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
T<b>[</b>ype<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the specified messages,
including all header lines,
to standard output.
Override suppression of lines by the
<b>discard</b>,
<b>ignore</b>
and
<b>retain</b>
commands.
If
<b>crt</b>
is set,
the messages longer than the number of lines specified by the
<b>crt</b>
variable will be paged through the command specified by the
<i>PAGER</i>
environment variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_028">&nbsp;</a>Display Message</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
p<b>[</b>rint<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
t<b>[</b>ype<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the specified messages
to standard output.
If
<b>crt</b>
is set,
the messages longer than the number of lines specified by the
<b>crt</b>
variable will be paged through the command specified by the
<i>PAGER</i>
environment variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_029">&nbsp;</a>Quit</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   q<b>[</b>uit<b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   <i>end-of-file</i>
<p>
Terminate
<i>mailx</i>,
storing messages that were read in
<b>mbox</b>
(if the current mailbox is the system mailbox and unless
<b>hold</b>
is set), deleting messages that have been explicitly saved (unless
<b>keepsave</b>
is set), discarding messages that have been deleted and
saving all remaining messages in the mailbox.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_030">&nbsp;</a>Reply to a Message List</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
R<b>[</b>eply<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
R<b>[</b>espond<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Mail a reply message to the sender of each message in the
<i>msglist</i>.
The subject line will be formed by concatenating
<b>Re:</b> &lt;space&gt;
(unless it already begins with that string)
and the subject from the first message.
If
<b>record</b>
is set to a filename,
the response will be saved at the end of that file.
<p>
See also the
<b>flipr</b>
variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_031">&nbsp;</a>Reply to a Message</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
r<b>[</b>eply<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>message</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
r<b>[</b>espond<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>message</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Mail a reply message to all recipients
included in the header of the message.
The subject line will be formed by concatenating
<b>Re:</b> &lt;space&gt;
(unless it already begins with that string)
and the subject from the message.
If
<b>record</b>
is set to a filename,
the response will be saved at the end of that file.
<p>
See also the
<b>flipr</b>
variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_032">&nbsp;</a>Retain Header Fields</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
ret<b>[</b>ain<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>header-field</i>...<b>]</b>
<p>
Retain the specified header fields when writing messages.
This command will override all
<b>discard</b>
and
<b>ignore</b>
commands.
The comparison of header fields is in a case-insensitive manner.
If no arguments are specified, write a list of the currently retained
header fields to standard output; the listing need not reflect the same
order of header fields that were entered.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_033">&nbsp;</a>Save Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
s<b>[</b>ave<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>file</i><b>]</b>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
s<b>[</b>ave<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>] </b><i>file</i>
<br>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
S<b>[</b>ave<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Save the specified messages in the file named by the pathname
<i>file</i>,
or the
<b>mbox</b>
if the
<i>file</i>
argument is omitted.
The file will be created if it does not exist;
otherwise, the messages will be appended to the file.
The message will be deleted from the mailbox when
<i>mailx</i>
terminates unless
<b>keepsave</b>
is set.
<p>
In the capitalised form,
save the specified messages in a file whose name is derived from
the author of the first message.
The name of the file is taken to be the author's name with all
network addressing stripped off.
See also the
Copy,
<b>followup</b>
and
Followup
commands and
<b>outfolder</b>
variable.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_034">&nbsp;</a>Set Variables</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
se<b>[</b>t<b>] [</b><i>name</i><b>[</b>=<b>[</b><i>string</i><b>]] </b>...<b>] [</b><i>name</i>=<i>number </i>...<b>] [</b>no<i>name </i>...<b>]</b>
<p>
Define one or more variables called
<i>name</i>.
The variable can be given a null, string or numeric value.
Quoting and backslash escapes can occur anywhere in
<i>string</i>,
as described previously, as if the
<i>string</i>
portion of the argument were the entire argument.
The forms
<i>name</i>
and
<i>name=</i>
are equivalent to
<i>name=""</i>
for variables that take string values.
The
<b>set</b>
command without arguments
will write a list of all defined variables and their values.
The
no<i>name</i>
form is equivalent to
<b>unset</b>
<i>name</i>.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_035">&nbsp;</a>Invoke a Shell</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
sh<b>[</b>ell<b>]</b>
<p>
Invoke an interactive command interpreter
(see also
<i>SHELL ).
</i><h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_036">&nbsp;</a>Display Message Size</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
si<b>[</b>ze<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the size in bytes of each of the specified messages.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_037">&nbsp;</a>Read mailx Commands From a File</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
so<b>[</b>urce<b>]</b> <i>file</i>
<p>
Read and execute commands from the file named by the pathname
<i>file</i>
and return to command mode.
<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_1358_038">&nbsp;</a>Display Beginning of Messages</h5>
<i>Synopsis</i>:   
to<b>[</b>p<b>]</b> <b>[</b><i>msglist</i><b>]</b>
<p>
Write the top few lines of each of the specified messages.