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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>fort77</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_776"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>fort77 - FORTRAN compiler (<b>FORTRAN</b>)</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_777"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>fort77 <b>[</b>-c<b>][</b>-g<b>][</b>-L <i>directory</i><b>]</b>... <b>[</b>-O <i>optlevel</i><b>][</b>-o <i>outfile</i><b>][</b>-s<b>][</b>-w<b>]</b><i>operand</i>...</code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_778"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The<i>fort77</i>utility is the interface to the FORTRAN compilation system;it will acceptthe full FORTRAN-77 language defined bythe ANSI X3.9-1978 standard.The system conceptually consists of a compiler and link editor.The files referenced by<i>operand</i>sare compiled and linked to produce an executable file.It is unspecified whether the linking occursentirely within the operation of<i>fort77</i>;some systems may produce objects that arenot fully resolved until the file is executed.<p>If the<b>-c</b>option is present,for all pathname operands of the form<i>file</i>.fthe files:<pre><code>$(basename <i>pathname</i> .f).o</code></pre>will be created or overwritten as the result of successful compilation.If the<b>-c</b>option is not specified,it is unspecified whether such.ofiles are created or deleted for the<i>file</i>.foperands.<p>If there are no options that prevent link editing (such as<b>-c</b>)and all operands compile andlink without error, the resulting executable file will bewritten into thefile named by the<b>-o</b>option (if present) or to the file<b>a.out</b>.The executable file will be created as specified in the <b>XSH</b> specification,except that the file permissions will be set to:<pre><dl compact><dt> <dd>S_IRWXO | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXU</dl></pre>and that the bitsspecified by the<i>umask</i>of the process will be cleared.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_779"> </a>OPTIONS</h4><blockquote>The<i>fort77</i>utility supports the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/utilconv.html#usg"><b>Utility Syntax Guidelines</b> </a> ,except that:<ul><p><li>The<b>-l</b> <i>library</i>operands have the format of options, but their positionwithin a list of operands affects the order in which librariesare searched.<p><li>The order of specifying the multiple<b>-L</b>options is significant.<p><li>Portable applications must specifyeach option separately; that is, grouping option letters(for example,<b>-cg</b>)need not be recognised by all implementations.<p></ul><p>The following options are supported:<dl compact><dt><b>-c</b><dd>Suppress the link-edit phase of the compilation, anddo not remove any object files that are produced.<dt><b>-g</b><dd>Produce symbolic information in the object or executablefiles; the nature of this information is unspecified,and may be modified by implementation-dependentinteractions with other options.<dt><b>-s</b><dd>Produce object or executable files, or both, from whichsymbolic and other information not required for properexecution using the <b>XSH</b> specification<i>exec</i>family has been removed (stripped).If both<b>-g</b>and<b>-s</b>options are present, the action taken is unspecified.<dt><b>-o </b><i>outfile</i><dd>Use the pathname<i>outfile</i>,instead of the default<b>a.out</b>,for the executable file produced.If the<b>-o</b>option is present with<b>-c</b>,the result is unspecified.<dt><b>-L </b><i>directory</i><dd>Change the algorithm of searching for the libraries named in<b>-l</b>operandsto look in the directory named by the<i>directory</i>pathname before looking in theusual places.Directories named in<b>-L</b>options will be searchedin the specified order.At least teninstances of this option will be supported in a single<i>fort77</i>command invocation.If a directory specified by a<b>-L</b>option contains a file named<b>libf.a</b>,the results are unspecified.<dt><b>-O </b><i>optlevel</i><dd>Specify the level of code optimisation.If the<i>optlevel</i>option-argument is the digit0,all special code optimisations will be disabled.If it is the digit1,the nature of the optimisation is unspecified.If the<b>-O</b>option is omitted,the nature of the system's default optimisation is unspecified.It is unspecified whether code generatedin the presence of the<b>-O 0</b>option is the same as that generated when<b>-O</b>is omitted.Other<i>optlevel</i>values may be supported.<dt><b>-w</b><dd>Suppress warnings.</dl><p>Multiple instances of<b>-L</b>options can be specified.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_780"> </a>OPERANDS</h4><blockquote>An<i>operand</i>is either in the form of a pathname or the form<b>-l</b> <i>library</i>.At least one operand of the pathname form will be specified.The following operands are supported:<dl compact><dt><i>file.</i><b>f</b><dd>The pathname of a FORTRAN source file to becompiled and optionally passed to the link editor.The filename operand will be of this form if the<b>-c</b>option is used.<dt><i>file.</i><b>a</b><dd>A library of object files typically produced by<i><a href="ar.html">ar</a></i>,and passed directly to the link editor.Implementations may recognise implementation-dependent suffixes other than<b>.a</b>as denoting object file libraries.<dt><i>file.</i><b>o</b><dd>An object file produced by<i>fort77</i><b>-c</b>and passed directly to the link editor.Implementations may recogniseimplementation-dependentsuffixes other than<b>.o</b>as denoting object files.</dl><p>The processing of other files is implementation-dependent.<dl compact><dt><b>-l </b><i>library</i><dd>(The letter ell.)Search the library named:<pre><code>lib<i>library</i>.a</code></pre>A library is searched when its name isencountered, so the placement of a<b>-l</b>operand is significant.Several standard libraries can be specified in this manner,as described in the EXTENDED DESCRIPTION section.Implementations may recognise implementation-dependentsuffixes other than<b>.a</b>as denoting libraries.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_781"> </a>STDIN</h4><blockquote>Not used.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_782"> </a>INPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>The input file must beone of the following:a text file containing FORTRAN source code;an object file in the format produced by<i>fort77</i><b>-c</b>;or a library of object files, in the format produced byarchiving zero or more object files, using<i><a href="ar.html">ar</a></i>.Implementations may supply additional utilitiesthat produce files in these formats.Additional input files are implementation-dependent.<p>Atabcharacter encountered within the first six characterson a line of source code will cause the compiler tointerpret the following character as if itwere the seventh character on the line(that is, in column 7).</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_783"> </a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4><blockquote>The following environment variables affect the execution of<i>fort77</i>:<dl compact><dt><i>LANG</i><dd>Provide a default value for the internationalisation variablesthat are unset or null.If<i>LANG</i>is unset or null, the corresponding value from theimplementation-dependent default locale will be used.If any of the internationalisation variables contains an invalid setting, theutility will behave as if none of the variables had been defined.<dt><i>LC_ALL</i><dd>If set to a non-empty string value,override the values of all the other internationalisation variables.<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i><dd>Determine thelocale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data ascharacters (for example, single- as opposed to multi-byte charactersin arguments and input files).<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i><dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affectthe format and contents of diagnosticmessages written to standard error.<dt><i>NLSPATH</i><dd>Determine the location of message cataloguesfor the processing of<i>LC_MESSAGES .</i><dt><i>TMPDIR</i><dd>Determine the pathname thatshould override the default directory for temporary files,if any.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_784"> </a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4><blockquote>Default.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_785"> </a>STDOUT</h4><blockquote>Not used.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_786"> </a>STDERR</h4><blockquote>Used only for diagnostic messages.If more than one file operand ending in<b>.f</b>(or possibly other unspecified suffixes) is given,for each such file:<p><code><tt>"%s:\n"</tt>, <<i>file</i>></code>may be written to allow identification of the diagnosticmessage with the appropriate input file.<p>This utility may produce warning messages about certainconditions that do not warrant returning an error (non-zero)exit value.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_787"> </a>OUTPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>Object files, listing files and executable files are producedin unspecified formats.<br></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_788"> </a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote><h5><a name = "tag_001_014_788_001"> </a>Standard Libraries</h5>The<i>fort77</i>utility recognises the following<b>-l</b>operand for the standard library:<dl compact><dt><b>-l f</b><dd>This library contains all library functionsreferenced in the ANSI X3.9-1978 standard.This operand is not required to be presentto cause a search of this library.</dl><p>In the absence of options that inhibit invocationof the link editor, such as<b>-c,</b>the<i>fort77</i>utility will cause the equivalent of a<b>-l f</b>operand to be passed to the link editor as the last<b>-l</b>operand, causing it to be searched afterall other object filesand libraries are loaded.<p>It is unspecified whether the library<b>libf.a</b>exists as a regular file.The implementation may accept as<b>-l</b>operands names of objects that do not exist as regular files.<h5><a name = "tag_001_014_788_002"> </a>External Symbols</h5>The FORTRAN compiler and link editorsupport the significance of external symbols up to alength of at least 31 bytes; case folding is permitted.The action taken upon encounteringsymbols exceeding the implementation-dependentmaximum symbol length is unspecified.<p>The compiler and link editorsupport a minimum of 511 externalsymbols per source or object file,and a minimum of 4095 external symbols total.A diagnostic message is written to standard outputif the implementation-dependent limit is exceeded;other actions are unspecified.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_789"> </a>EXIT STATUS</h4><blockquote>The following exit values are returned:<dl compact><dt>0<dd>Successful compilation or link edit.<dt>>0<dd>An error occurred.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_790"> </a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4><blockquote>When<i>fort77</i>encounters a compilation error,it will write a diagnostic to standard errorand continue to compile other source code operands.It will return a non-zero exit status, butit is implementation-dependent whether an object module is created.If the link edit is unsuccessful,a diagnostic message will be written to standard error, and<i>fort77</i>will exit with a non-zero status.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_791"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_792"> </a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>The following are examples of usage:<dl compact><dt>fort77 -o foo xyz.f<dd>Compiles<b>xyz.f</b>and creates the executable file<b>foo</b>.<dt>fort77 -c xyz.f<dd>Compiles<b>xyz.f</b>and creates the object file<b>xyz.o</b>.<dt>fort77 xyz.f<dd>Compiles<b>xyz.f</b>and creates the executable file<b>a.out</b>.<dt>fort77 xyz.f b.o<dd>Compiles<b>xyz.f</b>,links it with<b>b.o</b>and creates theexecutable<b>a.out</b>.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_793"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>A compilation system based on FORTRAN-90 (ISO/IEC 1539:1991)will be considered for a future issue;it may have a different utility name from<i>fort77</i>.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_794"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="ar.html">ar</a></i>,<i><a href="asa.html">asa</a></i>,<i><a href="c89.html">c89</a></i>,<i><a href="umask.html">umask</a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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