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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>expand</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_605"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>expand - convert tabs to spaces</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_606"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>expand <b>[</b>-t <i>tablist</i><b>][</b><i>file</i> ...<b>]</b>expand <b>[</b>-<i>tabstop</i><b>][</b>-<i>tab1</i>,<i>tab2</i>,...,<i>tabn</i><b>][</b><i>file</i>...<b>]</b></code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_607"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The<i>expand</i>utility writes files or the standard input to thestandard output withtabcharacters replaced withone or morespacecharacters needed to pad to the next tab stop.Anybackspacecharacters will be copied to the output andcause the column positioncount for tab stop calculations to be decremented;the column position count will not be decremented below zero.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_608"> </a>OPTIONS</h4><blockquote>The<i>expand</i>utility supports the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/utilconv.html#usg"><b>Utility Syntax Guidelines</b> </a> ;the obsolescent version does not.<p>The following options are supported:<dl compact><dt><b>-t </b><i>tablist</i><dd>Specify the tab stops.The argument<i>tablist</i>must consist of a single positive decimal integer or multiplepositive decimal integers,separated byblank charactersor commas, in ascending order.If a single number is given, tabs will be set<i>tablist</i>column positions apart instead of the default 8.If multiple numbers are given,the tabs will be set at thosespecific column positions.Each tab-stop position<i>N</i>must be an integer value greater than zero,and the list must be in strictly ascending order.This is taken to mean that, from the start of a line ofoutput, tabbing to position<i>N</i>causes the next character output tobe in the(<i>N</i>+1)thcolumn position on that line.In the event of<i>expand</i>having to process atabcharacter at a positionbeyond the last of those specified in a multiple tab-stop list, thetab characteris replaced by a singlespace characterin the output.</dl><p>In the obsolescent version, the single number is specified as<i>tabstop</i>with a leading minus;multiple tab stops are specified after a leading minus as<i>tab1</i>,<i>tab2</i>and so on.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_609"> </a>OPERANDS</h4><blockquote>The following operand is supported:<dl compact><dt><i>file</i><dd>The pathname of a text file to be used as input.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_610"> </a>STDIN</h4><blockquote>See the INPUT FILES section.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_611"> </a>INPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>Input files must be text files.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_612"> </a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4><blockquote>The following environment variables affect the execution of<i>expand</i>:<dl compact><dt><i>LANG</i><dd>Provide a default value for the internationalisation variablesthat are unset or null.If<i>LANG</i>is unset or null, the corresponding value from theimplementation-dependent default locale will be used.If any of the internationalisation variables contains an invalid setting, theutility will behave as if none of the variables had been defined.<dt><i>LC_ALL</i><dd>If set to a non-empty string value,override the values of all the other internationalisation variables.<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i><dd>Determine thelocale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data ascharacters (for example, single- as opposed to multi-byte charactersin arguments and input files),the processing oftabandspace characters,and for the determination of the width in column positionseach character would occupy on a constant-width font output device.<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i><dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affectthe format and contents of diagnosticmessages written to standard error.<dt><i>NLSPATH</i><dd>Determine the location of message cataloguesfor the processing of<i>LC_MESSAGES .</i></dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_613"> </a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4><blockquote>Default.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_614"> </a>STDOUT</h4><blockquote>The standard output is equivalent to the input files withtabcharacters converted into the appropriate number ofspace characters.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_615"> </a>STDERR</h4><blockquote>Used only for diagnostic messages.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_616"> </a>OUTPUT FILES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_617"> </a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_618"> </a>EXIT STATUS</h4><blockquote>The following exit values are returned:<dl compact><dt>0<dd>Successful completion<dt>>0<dd>An error occurred.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_619"> </a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4><blockquote>The<i>expand</i>utility will terminate with an error messageand non-zero exit status upon encounteringdifficulties accessing one of the<i>file</i>operands.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_620"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_621"> </a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_622"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_001_014_623"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="tabs.html">tabs</a></i>,<i><a href="unexpand.html">unexpand</a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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