📄 setlocale.html

📁 unix 下的C开发手册,还用详细的例程。
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>setlocale</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX &reg; Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright &copy; 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_435">&nbsp;</a>NAME</h4><blockquote>setlocale - set program locale</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_436">&nbsp;</a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>#include &lt;<a href="locale.h.html">locale.h</a>&gt;char *setlocale(int <i>category</i>, const char *<i>locale</i>);</code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_437">&nbsp;</a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The<i>setlocale()</i>function selects the appropriate piece of the program's locale, as specifiedby the<i>category</i>and<i>locale</i>arguments, and may be used to change or query the program'sentire locale or portions thereof.The value LC_ALLfor<i>category</i>names theprogram's entire locale; other values for<i>category</i>name only a part of the program's locale:<dl compact><dt>LC_COLLATE<dd>Affects the behaviour of regular expressions and the collation functions.<dt>LC_CTYPE<dd>Affects the behaviour of regular expressions, character classification,character conversion functions and wide-character functions.<dt>LC_MESSAGES<dd>Affects what strings are expected by commands and utilitiesas affirmative or negative responses,what strings are given by commands and utilitiesas affirmative or negative responses,and the content of messages.<dt>LC_MONETARY<dd>Affects the behaviour of functions that handle monetary values.<dt>LC_NUMERIC<dd>Affects the radix character for the formattedinput/output functions and the string conversion functions.<dt>LC_TIME<dd>Affects the behaviour of the time conversion functions.</dl><p>The<i>locale</i>argument is a pointer to a character stringcontaining the required setting of<i>category.</i>The contents of this string are implementation-dependent.In addition, the following preset values of<i>locale</i>are defined for all settingsof<i>category:</i><dl compact><dt>"POSIX"<dd>Specifies the minimal environment for C-language translation called POSIXlocale.If<i>setlocale()</i>is not invoked, the POSIX locale is the default.<dt>"C"<dd>Same as POSIX.<dt>""<dd>Specifies an implementation-dependent native environment.For XSI-conformant systems, this corresponds to the value of the associatedenvironment variables, <i>LC_*</i> and <i>LANG</i>; see the <b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/locale.html"><b>Locale</b>&nbsp;</a> and the<b>XBD</b> specification, <a href="../xbd/envvar.html"><b>Environment Variables</b>&nbsp;</a>.<dt>A null pointer<dd>Used to direct<i>setlocale()</i>to query the current internationalisedenvironment and return the name of the<i><a href="../xcu/locale.html">locale()</a></i>.</dl><p>The locale state is common to all threads within a process.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_438">&nbsp;</a>RETURN VALUE</h4><blockquote>Upon successful completion,<i>setlocale()</i>returns the string associated with the specified category for the new locale.Otherwise,<i>setlocale()</i>returns a null pointer and the program's locale is not changed.<p>A null pointer for<i>locale</i>causes<i>setlocale()</i>to return a pointer to the string associated with the<i>category</i>for the program's current locale.  The program's locale is not changed.<p>The string returned by<i>setlocale()</i>is such that asubsequent call with that string and its associated<i>category</i>will restore that part of the program'slocale.The string returned must not be modified by the program, but may beoverwritten by a subsequent call to<i>setlocale()</i>.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_439">&nbsp;</a>ERRORS</h4><blockquote>No errors are defined.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_440">&nbsp;</a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_441">&nbsp;</a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>The following code illustrates how a program can initialisethe international environment for one language, whileselectively modifying the program's locale such that regularexpressions and string operations can be applied to textrecorded in a different language:<pre><code>setlocale(LC_ALL, "De");setlocale(LC_COLLATE, "Fr@dict");</code></pre><p>Internationalised programs must call<i>setlocale()</i>to initiate a specific language operation.This can be done by calling<i>setlocale()</i>as follows:<pre><code>setlocale(LC_ALL, "");</code></pre>Changing the setting of LC_MESSAGES has no effect on cataloguesthat have already been opened by calls to<i><a href="catopen.html">catopen()</a></i>.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_442">&nbsp;</a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_443">&nbsp;</a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="exec.html">exec</a></i>,<i><a href="isalnum.html">isalnum()</a></i>,<i><a href="isalpha.html">isalpha()</a></i>,<i><a href="iscntrl.html">iscntrl()</a></i>,<i><a href="isgraph.html">isgraph()</a></i>,<i><a href="islower.html">islower()</a></i>,<i><a href="isprint.html">isprint()</a></i>,<i><a href="ispunct.html">ispunct()</a></i>,<i><a href="isspace.html">isspace()</a></i>,<i><a href="isupper.html">isupper()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswalnum.html">iswalnum()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswalpha.html">iswalpha()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswcntrl.html">iswcntrl()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswgraph.html">iswgraph()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswlower.html">iswlower()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswprint.html">iswprint()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswpunct.html">iswpunct()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswspace.html">iswspace()</a></i>,<i><a href="iswupper.html">iswupper()</a></i>,<i><a href="localeconv.html">localeconv()</a></i>,<i><a href="mblen.html">mblen()</a></i>,<i><a href="mbstowcs.html">mbstowcs()</a></i>,<i><a href="mbtowc.html">mbtowc()</a></i>,<i><a href="nl_langinfo.html">nl_langinfo()</a></i>,<i><a href="printf.html">printf()</a></i>,<i><a href="scanf.html">scanf()</a></i>,<i>setlocale()</i>,<i><a href="strcoll.html">strcoll()</a></i>,<i><a href="strerror.html">strerror()</a></i>,<i><a href="strfmon.html">strfmon()</a></i>,<i><a href="strtod.html">strtod()</a></i>,<i><a href="strxfrm.html">strxfrm()</a></i>,<i><a href="tolower.html">tolower()</a></i>,<i><a href="toupper.html">toupper()</a></i>,<i><a href="towlower.html">towlower()</a></i>,<i><a href="towupper.html">towupper()</a></i>,<i><a href="wcscoll.html">wcscoll()</a></i>,<i><a href="wcstod.html">wcstod()</a></i>,<i><a href="wcstombs.html">wcstombs()</a></i>,<i><a href="wcsxfrm.html">wcsxfrm()</a></i>,<i><a href="wctomb.html">wctomb()</a></i>,<i><a href="langinfo.h.html">&lt;langinfo.h&gt;</a></i>,<i><a href="locale.h.html">&lt;locale.h&gt;</a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX &reg; is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright &copy; 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>
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