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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title><stdlib.h></title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_003"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>stdlib.h - standard library definitions</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_004"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>#include <stdlib.h></code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_005"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The <<b>stdlib.h</b>> header defines the following macro names:<dl compact><dt>EXIT_FAILURE<dd>Unsuccessful termination for<i><a href="exit.html">exit()</a></i>,evaluates to a non-zero value.<dt>EXIT_SUCCESS<dd>Successful termination for<i><a href="exit.html">exit()</a></i>,evaluates to 0.<dt>NULL<dd>Null pointer.<dt>RAND_MAX<dd>Maximum value returned by <i>rand</i>(), at least 32,767.<dt>MB_CUR_MAX<dd>Integer expression whose value is the maximum numberof bytes in a character specified by the current locale.</dl><p>The following data types are defined through <b>typedef</b>:<dl compact><dt><b>div_t</b><dd><index term="data type, div_t"></index>Structure type returned by <i>div</i>() function.<dt><b>ldiv_t</b><dd><index term="data type, ldiv_t"></index>Structure type returned by <i>ldiv</i>() function.<dt><b>size_t</b><dd>As described in<i><a href="stddef.h.html"><stddef.h></a></i>.<dt><b>wchar_t</b><dd>As described in<i><a href="stddef.h.html"><stddef.h></a></i>.</dl><p>In addition, the following symbolic names and macros are definedas in<i><a href="syswait.h.html"><sys/wait.h></a></i>,for use in decoding the return value from<i><a href="system.html">system()</a></i>:<p><pre>WNOHANGWUNTRACEDWEXITSTATUS()WIFEXITED()WIFSIGNALED()WIFSTOPPED()WSTOPSIG()WTERMSIG()</pre><p>The following are declared as functions and may also be definedas macros.Function prototypes must be provided for use with an ISO Ccompiler.<pre><code>long <a href="a64l.html">a64l</a>(const char *);void <a href="abort.html">abort</a>(void);int <a href="abs.html">abs</a>(int);int <a href="atexit.html">atexit</a>(void (*)(void));double <a href="atof.html">atof</a>(const char *);int <a href="atoi.html">atoi</a>(const char *);long int <a href="atol.html">atol</a>(const char *);void *<a href="bsearch.html">bsearch</a>(const void *, const void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *, const void *));void *<a href="calloc.html">calloc</a>(size_t, size_t);div_t <a href="div.html">div</a>(int, int);double <a href="drand48.html">drand48</a>(void);char *<a href="ecvt.html">ecvt</a>(double, int, int *, int *);double <a href="erand48.html">erand48</a>(unsigned short int[3]);void <a href="exit.html">exit</a>(int);char *<a href="fcvt.html">fcvt</a> (double, int, int *, int *);void <a href="free.html">free</a>(void *);<br>char *<a href="gcvt.html">gcvt</a>(double, int, char *);char *<a href="getenv.html">getenv</a>(const char *);int <a href="getsubopt.html">getsubopt</a>(char **, char *const *, char **);int <a href="grantpt.html">grantpt</a>(int);char *<a href="initstate.html">initstate</a>(unsigned int, char *, size_t);long int <a href="jrand48.html">jrand48</a>(unsigned short int[3]);char *<a href="l64a.html">l64a</a>(long);long int <a href="labs.html">labs</a>(long int);void <a href="lcong48.html">lcong48</a>(unsigned short int[7]);ldiv_t <a href="ldiv.html">ldiv</a>(long int, long int);long int <a href="lrand48.html">lrand48</a>(void);void *<a href="malloc.html">malloc</a>(size_t);int <a href="mblen.html">mblen</a>(const char *, size_t);size_t <a href="mbstowcs.html">mbstowcs</a>(wchar_t *, const char *, size_t);int <a href="mbtowc.html">mbtowc</a>(wchar_t *, const char *, size_t);char *<a href="mktemp.html">mktemp</a>(char *);int <a href="mkstemp.html">mkstemp</a>(char *);long int <a href="mrand48.html">mrand48</a>(void);long int <a href="nrand48.html">nrand48</a>(unsigned short int [3]);char *<a href="ptsname.html">ptsname</a>(int);int <a href="putenv.html">putenv</a>(char *);void <a href="qsort.html">qsort</a>(void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *, const void *));int <a href="rand.html">rand</a>(void);int <a href="rand_r.html">rand_r</a>(unsigned int *);long <a href="random.html">random</a>(void);void *<a href="realloc.html">realloc</a>(void *, size_t);char *<a href="realpath.html">realpath</a>(const char *, char *);unsigned short int <a href="seed48.html">seed48</a>(unsigned short int[3]);void <a href="setkey.html">setkey</a>(const char *);char *<a href="setstate.html">setstate</a>(const char *);void <a href="srand.html">srand</a>(unsigned int);void <a href="srand48.html">srand48</a>(long int);void <a href="srandom.html">srandom</a>(unsigned);double <a href="strtod.html">strtod</a>(const char *, char **);long int <a href="strtol.html">strtol</a>(const char *, char **, int);unsigned long int <a href="strtoul.html">strtoul</a>(const char *, char **, int);int <a href="system.html">system</a>(const char *);int <a href="ttyslot.html">ttyslot</a>(void); <b>(LEGACY)</b>int <a href="unlockpt.html">unlockpt</a>(int);void *<a href="valloc.html">valloc</a>(size_t); <b>(LEGACY)</b>size_t <a href="wcstombs.html">wcstombs</a>(char *, const wchar_t *, size_t);int <a href="wctomb.html">wctomb</a>(char *, wchar_t);</code></pre><p>Inclusion of the<i><stdlib.h></i>header may also make visible all symbols from<i><a href="stddef.h.html"><stddef.h></a></i>,<i><a href="limits.h.html"><limits.h></a></i>,<i><a href="math.h.html"><math.h></a></i>and<i><a href="syswait.h.html"><sys/wait.h></a></i>.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_006"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_007"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_008"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="a64l.html">a64l()</a></i>,<i><a href="abort.html">abort()</a></i>,<i><a href="abs.html">abs()</a></i>,<i><a href="atexit.html">atexit()</a></i>,<i><a href="atof.html">atof()</a></i>,<i><a href="atoi.html">atoi()</a></i>,<i><a href="atol.html">atol()</a></i>,<i><a href="bsearch.html">bsearch()</a></i>,<i><a href="calloc.html">calloc()</a></i>,<i><a href="div.html">div()</a></i>,<i><a href="drand48.html">drand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="ecvt.html">ecvt()</a></i>,<i><a href="erand48.html">erand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="exit.html">exit()</a></i>,<i><a href="fcvt.html">fcvt()</a></i>,<i><a href="free.html">free()</a></i>,<i><a href="gcvt.html">gcvt()</a></i>,<i><a href="getenv.html">getenv()</a></i>,<i><a href="getsubopt.html">getsubopt()</a></i>,<i><a href="grantpt.html">grantpt()</a></i>,<i><a href="initstate.html">initstate()</a></i>,<i><a href="jrand48.html">jrand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="l64a.html">l64a()</a></i>,<i><a href="labs.html">labs()</a></i>,<i><a href="lcong48.html">lcong48()</a></i>,<i><a href="ldiv.html">ldiv()</a></i>,<i><a href="lrand48.html">lrand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="malloc.html">malloc()</a></i>,<i><a href="mblen.html">mblen()</a></i>,<i><a href="mbstowcs.html">mbstowcs()</a></i>,<i><a href="mbtowc.html">mbtowc()</a></i>,<i><a href="mktemp.html">mktemp()</a></i>,<i><a href="mkstemp.html">mkstemp()</a></i>,<i><a href="mrand48.html">mrand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="nrand48.html">nrand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="ptsname.html">ptsname()</a></i>,<i><a href="putenv.html">putenv()</a></i>,<i><a href="qsort.html">qsort()</a></i>,<i><a href="rand.html">rand()</a></i>,<i><a href="rand.html">rand_r()</a></i>,<i><a href="realloc.html">realloc()</a></i>,<i><a href="realpath.html">realpath()</a></i>,<i><a href="setstate.html">setstate()</a></i>,<i><a href="srand.html">srand()</a></i>,<i><a href="srand48.html">srand48()</a></i>,<i><a href="srandom.html">srandom()</a></i>,<i><a href="strtod.html">strtod()</a></i>,<i><a href="strtol.html">strtol()</a></i>,<i><a href="strtoul.html">strtoul()</a></i>,<i><a href="unlockpt.html">unlockpt()</a></i>,<i><a href="wcstombs.html">wcstombs()</a></i>,<i><a href="wctomb.html">wctomb()</a></i>,<i><a href="systypes.h.html"><sys/types.h></a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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