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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>stdin</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_862"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>stderr, stdin, stdout - standard I/O streams</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_863"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>#include <<a href="stdio.h.html">stdio.h</a>>extern FILE *<i>stderr</i>, *<i>stdin</i>, *<i>stdout</i>;</code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_864"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>A file with associated buffering is called a<i>stream</i>and is declared to be a pointer to a defined type<b>FILE</b>.The<i><a href="fopen.html">fopen()</a></i>functioncreates certain descriptive data for a streamand returns a pointer to designate the stream in allfurther transactions.Normally, there are three open streams with constantpointers declared inthe<i><a href="stdio.h.html"><stdio.h></a></i>header and associated with the standard open files.<p>At program startup, three streams are predefined and neednot be opened explicitly:<i>standard input</i>(for reading conventional input),<i>standard output</i>(for writing conventional output) and<i>standard error</i>(for writing diagnostic output).When opened, the standard error stream is not fully buffered; the standardinput and standard output streams are fully buffered if and only if the streamcan be determined not to refer to an interactive device.<p>The following symbolic values in<i><a href="unistd.h.html"><unistd.h></a></i>define the file descriptors that will be associated with the C-language<i>stdin</i>,<i>stdout</i>and<i>stderr</i>when the application is started:<dl compact><dt>STDIN_FILENO<dd>Standard input value, <i>stdin</i>. Its value is 0.<dt>STDOUT_FILENO<dd>Standard output value, <i>stdout</i>. Its value is 1.<dt>STDERR_FILENO<dd>Standard error value, <i>stderr</i>. Its value is 2.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_865"> </a>RETURN VALUE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_866"> </a>ERRORS</h4><blockquote>No errors are defined.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_867"> </a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_868"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_869"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_008_870"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="fclose.html">fclose()</a></i>,<i><a href="feof.html">feof()</a></i>,<i><a href="ferror.html">ferror()</a></i>,<i><a href="fileno.html">fileno()</a></i>,<i><a href="fopen.html">fopen()</a></i>,<i><a href="fread.html">fread()</a></i>,<i><a href="fseek.html">fseek()</a></i>,<i><a href="getc.html">getc()</a></i>,<i><a href="gets.html">gets()</a></i>,<i><a href="popen.html">popen()</a></i>,<i><a href="printf.html">printf()</a></i>,<i><a href="putc.html">putc()</a></i>,<i><a href="puts.html">puts()</a></i>,<i><a href="read.html">read()</a></i>,<i><a href="scanf.html">scanf()</a></i>,<i><a href="setbuf.html">setbuf()</a></i>,<i><a href="setvbuf.html">setvbuf()</a></i>,<i><a href="tmpfile.html">tmpfile()</a></i>,<i><a href="ungetc.html">ungetc()</a></i>,<i><a href="vprintf.html">vprintf()</a></i>,<i><a href="stdio.h.html"><stdio.h></a></i>,<i><a href="unistd.h.html"><unistd.h></a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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