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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><html><head><!-- Copyright 1997 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>strfmon</title></head><body bgcolor=white><center><font size=2>The Single UNIX ® Specification, Version 2<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group</font></center><hr size=2 noshade><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_093"> </a>NAME</h4><blockquote>strfmon - convert monetary value to a string</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_094"> </a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote><pre><code>#include <<a href="monetary.h.html">monetary.h</a>>ssize_t strfmon(char *<i>s</i>, size_t <i>maxsize</i>, const char *<i>format</i>, ...);</code></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_095"> </a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote>The<i>strfmon()</i>function places characters into the array pointed to by<i>s</i>as controlled by the string pointed to by<i>format</i>.No more than<i>maxsize</i>bytes are placed into the array.<p>The format is a character string that contains two types of objects:plain characters,which are simply copied to the output stream,and conversion specifications,each of which results in the fetching of zero or more argumentswhich are converted and formatted.The results are undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the format.If the formatis exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are simply ignored.<p>A conversion specification consists of the following sequence:<ul><p><li>a % character<p><li>optional flags<p><li>optional field width<p><li>optional left precision<p><li>optional right precision<p><li>a required conversion character that determines the conversion tobe performed.<p></ul><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_001"> </a>Flags</h5>One or more of the following optional flags can be specifiedto control the conversion:<dl compact><dt>=<i>f</i><dd>An = followed by a single character<i>f</i>which is used as the numeric fill character.The fill character must be representable in a single byte in order to workwith precision and width counts.The default numeric fill character is the space character.This flag does not affect field width fillingwhich always uses the space character.This flag is ignored unless a left precision (see below) isspecified.<dt>^<dd>Do not format the currency amount with grouping characters.The default is to insert the grouping characters ifdefined for the current locale.<dt>+ or (<dd>Specify the style of representing positiveand negative currency amounts.Only one of + or ( may be specified.If +is specified, the locale's equivalent of + and - are used(for example, in the U.S.A.: the empty string if positive and - ifnegative).If ( is specified,negative amounts are enclosed within parentheses.If neither flag is specified, the + style is used.<dt>!<dd>Suppress the currency symbol from the output conversion.<dt>-<dd>Specify the alignment. If this flag is present all fields areleft-justified (padded to the right) rather than right-justified.</dl><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_002"> </a>Field Width</h5><dl compact><dt><i>w</i><dd>A decimal digit string<i>w</i>specifying a minimum field width in bytes in which the result of theconversion is right-justified (or left-justified if the flag - isspecified). The default is 0.</dl><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_003"> </a>Left Precision</h5><dl compact><dt>#<i>n</i><dd>A # followed by a decimal digit string<i>n</i>specifying a maximum number of digits expected to beformatted to the left of the radix character.This option can be used to keep the formattedoutput from multiple calls to the<i>strfmon()</i>aligned in the same columns.It can also be used to fill unused positions with a specialcharacter as in $***123.45.This option causes an amount to be formatted as if it hasthe number of digits specified by<i>n</i>.If more than<i>n</i>digit positions are required,this conversion specification is ignored.Digit positions in excess of those actuallyrequired are filled with the numeric fillcharacter (see the =<i>f</i> flag above).If grouping has not been suppressed with the ^ flag,and it is defined for the current locale,grouping separators are inserted before the fill characters (if any) areadded. Grouping separators are not applied to fill characters even if thefill character is a digit.To ensure alignment,any characters appearing before or after the number in the formattedoutput such as currency or sign symbols arepadded as necessary with space characters to maketheir positive and negative formats an equallength.</dl><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_004"> </a>Right Precision</h5><dl compact><dt>.<i>p</i><dd>A period followed by a decimal digit string<i>p</i>specifying the number of digits after the radix character.If the value of the right precision<i>p</i>is 0, no radix character appears. If a right precision is not included, adefault specified by the current locale is used. The amount being formattedis rounded to the specified number of digits prior to formatting.</dl><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_005"> </a>Conversion Characters</h5>The conversion characters and their meanings are:<dl compact><dt>i<dd>The<b>double</b>argument is formatted according tothe locale's international currency format(for example, in the U.S.A.: USD 1,234.56).<dt>n<dd>The<b>double</b>argument is formatted according tothe locale's national currency format(for example, in the U.S.A.: $1,234.56).<dt>%<dd>Convert to a %; no argument is converted.The entire conversion specification must be %%.</dl><h5><a name = "tag_000_009_095_006"> </a>Locale Information</h5>The LC_MONETARYcategory of the program's locale affects thebehaviour of this function including the monetary radixcharacter (which may be different from the numeric radixcharacter affected by the LC_NUMERICcategory), the grouping separator,the currency symbols and formats.The international currency symbol should be conformant with the .<p>If the value of <i>maxsize</i>is greater than {SSIZE_MAX}, the result is implementation-dependent.<br></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_096"> </a>RETURN VALUE</h4><blockquote>If the total number of resulting bytes including the terminatingnull byte is not more than<i>maxsize</i>,<i>strfmon()</i>returns the number of bytes placed into the array pointed to by<i>s</i>,not including the terminating null byte.Otherwise, -1 is returned, the contents of the array are indeterminate,and<i>errno</i>is set to indicate the error.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_097"> </a>ERRORS</h4><blockquote>The<i>strfmon()</i>function will fail if:<dl compact><dt>[E2BIG]<dd>Conversion stopped due to lack of space in the buffer.</dl></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_098"> </a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote>Given a locale for the U.S.A. and the values 123.45, -123.45 and 3456.781:<pre><table bordercolor=#000000 border=1 align=center><tr valign=top><tr valign=top><th align=center><b>Conversion Specification</b><th align=center><b>Output</b><th align=center><b>Comments</b><tr valign=top><td align=left>%n<td align=left><pre> $123.45<br> -$123.45<br> $3,346.78</pre><td align=left>default formatting<tr valign=top><td align=left>%11n<td align=left><pre> $123.45<br> -$123.45<br> $3,346.78</pre><td align=left>right align within an 11 character field<tr valign=top><td align=left><tr valign=top><td align=left>%#5n<td align=left><pre> $ 123.45<br>-$ 123.45<br> $ 3,456.78</pre><td align=left>aligned columns for values up to 99,999<tr valign=top><td align=left>%=*#5n<td align=left><pre> $***123.45<br>-$***123.45<br> $*3,456.78</pre><td align=left>specify a fill character<tr valign=top><td align=left>%=0#5n<td align=left><pre> $000123.45<br>-$000123.45<br> $03,456.78</pre><td align=left>fill characters do not use grouping even if the fill character is a digit<tr valign=top><td align=left>%^#5n<td align=left><pre> $ 123.45<br> -$ 123.45<br> $ 3456.78</pre><td align=left>disable the grouping separator<tr valign=top><td align=left>%^#5.0n<td align=left><pre> $ 123<br> -$ 123<br> $ 3457</pre><td align=left>round off to whole units<tr valign=top><td align=left>%^#5.4n<td align=left><pre> $ 123.4500<br> -$ 123.4500<br> $ 3456.7810</pre><td align=left>increase the precision<tr valign=top><td align=left>%(#5n<td align=left><pre> 123.45<br>($ 123.45)<br> $ 3,456.78</pre><td align=left>use an alternative pos/neg style<tr valign=top><td align=left>%!(#5m<td align=left><pre> 123.45<br>( 123.45)<br> 3,456.78</pre><td align=left>cancel the currency sign</table></pre></blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_099"> </a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote>None.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_100"> </a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote>Lower-case conversion characters are reserved for future standards use and upper-case for implementation-dependent use.</blockquote><h4><a name = "tag_000_009_101"> </a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><i><a href="localeconv.html">localeconv()</a></i>,<i><a href="monetary.h.html"><monetary.h></a></i>.</blockquote><hr size=2 noshade><center><font size=2>UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>Copyright © 1997 The Open Group<br> [ <a href="../index.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../xshix.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xcuix.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../xbdix.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../cursesix.html">XCURSES</a> | <a href="../xnsix.html">XNS</a> ]</font></center><hr size=2 noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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