tierra.doc

地球模拟器

 MICRO STEP Mode = keypress

Cell  1: 55 0045aaa @   12595 Slice=  19  Stack[  12628]
IP [  12572]( -23    ) = 0x01     nop1         [  12639]
AX [  30236]                                   [  12595]
BX [  12632]                                   [     45] <
CX [      7]                                   [      0]
DX [      4]                                   [      0]
Flag = 0                                       [      0]
Daughter @ 30199  + 45                         [      0]
                                               [      0]
                                               [      0]

      MICRO  |  T-Track cell  ESC-Main Menu  n-Next Step

     The various components of the display are documented in the following:

Cell  1: 55 0045aaa @   12595 Slice=  19

     Each creature has associated with it, a cell structure.  The cell
structures are organized in a two dimensional array.  Cell  1: 55 tells us
that the structure for the currently active creature is at location 1,55 in
the cells array.

     The currently active creature is 0045aaa whose cell starts at address
12595 in the soup.  This creature currently has 19 CPU cycles left in its
time slice.  Note that when the Slice counts down to zero, the slicer will
swap in the next creature in the slicer queue, and the debugger will display
the CPU of the next creature.  Therefore when there are more than one
creature in the soup, it is hard to follow the activity of a single creature,
since the debugger will be swapped from creature to creature.  This problem
can be eliminated by activating the track mode (see above).

Daughter @ 30199  + 45

     The currently active creature has allocated a space of 45 instructions
at address 30199 in the soup, which it presumably will use to make a daughter.

IP [  12572]( -23    ) = 0x01     nop1

     The instruction pointer (IP) of the currently active creature is
presently located at the soup address 12572.  Notice that this address is
located 23 instruction BEFORE the start of its own cell.  The number in
parentheses (-23) is the offset of the IP from the start of the cell.  As
long as the IP is inside the cell, this offset will be displayed without a
sign.  If the IP is outside of the cell, the offset will be displayed with
a + or a - sign.  The current offset of -23 means that the instruction pointer
of this creature is executing the code of some other creature.  In fact
0045aaa is a parasite.  The instruction currently being executed is
represented in the soup by the hex value 0x01.  The assembler mnemonic of this
instruction is nop1, it is a no-operation.

AX [  30236]
BX [  12632]
CX [      7]
DX [      4]

     The four CPU registers of the currently active creature contain the
values indicated above.  Probably, the AX value is the address where the
creature is writing in its daughter cell, the BX value is the address that
it is copying from in its own cell, the CX value is the number of
instructions of the genome remaining to be copied, and the DX value is the
size of the last template used.

Flag = 0

     This shows the status of the flag register.  This can be used to
recognize when an instruction has failed, generating an error condition.

Stack[  12628]
     [  12639]
     [  12595]
     [     45] <
     [      0]
     [      0]
     [      0]
     [      0]
     [      0]
     [      0]

     The stack of the currently active creature contains the values indicated
above.  The stack pointer points at the location indicated by the < sign
(the top of the stack).  The values on the stack probably include the
address of the instruction pointer (12628) which was pushed on the stack when
the parasite called the copy procedure of its host, the address of the end
of the creature (12639), the address of the beginning of the creature
(12595), and the size of the creature (45).

      5.6.1.2.6) The Genome Injector

     The menu system provides a mechanism for injecting genomes into a
running simulation.  This tool allows a genome from the genebank to be
injected into the run at the user's command.  The genome must be in a .gen
file in the path indicated by the GenebankPath soup_in variable.

     However, there is a function Inject(), in the genebank.c module, which
takes a pointer to a genome as an argument.  This function can be used to
inject genomes from any source.  An interesting use of this function would be
to facilitate migration of genomes between simulations running on separate
machines, creating an archipelago (this is the basis of the CM5 port
currently underway).

    5.6.2) The Standard Output & Interrupt Handler

     When Tierra is compiled with: #define FRONTEND STDIO, while running it
produces output to the console that looks something like this:

Using instruction set (INST) = 1
TIERRA: LOG = on, Histogram Logging = off 

sizeof(Instruction)   = 1
sizeof(Cell)   = 180
sizeof(MemFr) = 16
    60000 bytes allocated for soup
    16380 bytes allocated for cells
    8000 bytes allocated for MemFr
tsetup: arrays allocated without error
beginning of GetNewSoup
seed = 1
init of soup complete
GetNewSoup: loading 0080aaa into cell 0,2
InstExeC      =      0  Generations  =      0  Wed Apr 29 17:00:06 1992
    NumCells  =      1  NumGenotypes =      1  NumSizes  =      1
    AvgSize   =     80  NumGenDG     =      1  NumGenRQ  =      1
    RateMut   =   6382  RateMovMut   =   1280  RateFlaw  = 102400
tsetup: soup gotten
extract: 0080aaa @ 276 v
InstExeC      =      1  Generations  =      3  Wed Apr 29 17:01:04 1992
    NumCells  =    376  NumGenotypes =    131  NumSizes  =      8
    AvgSize   =     79  NumGenDG     =      1  NumGenRQ  =    131
    AvgPop    =    292  Births       =    995  Deaths    =    620
    MaxGenPop =    208  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    208 (0080aaa)
    RateMut   =  12515  RateMovMut   =   1264  RateFlaw  = 101120
extract: 0080abl @ 8
InstExeC      =      2  Generations  =      5  Wed Apr 29 17:02:05 1992
    NumCells  =    380  NumGenotypes =    159  NumSizes  =     12
    AvgSize   =     79  NumGenDG     =      2  NumGenRQ  =    159
    AvgPop    =    378  Births       =    847  Deaths    =    843
    MaxGenPop =    169  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    169 (0080aaa)
    RateMut   =  12648  RateMovMut   =   1264  RateFlaw  = 101120
extract: 0080aan @ 8
extract: 0045aab @ 8
InstExeC      =      3  Generations  =      8  Wed Apr 29 17:03:17 1992
    NumCells  =    373  NumGenotypes =    141  NumSizes  =     15
    AvgSize   =     77  NumGenDG     =      4  NumGenRQ  =    141
    AvgPop    =    368  Births       =    918  Deaths    =    925
    MaxGenPop =    144  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    144 (0080aaa)
    RateMut   =  11794  RateMovMut   =   1232  RateFlaw  =  98560
extract: 0080adj @ 7
extract: 0080acu @ 7
extract: 0080aek @ 8
extract: 0045aad @ 8
InstExeC      =      4  Generations  =     10  Wed Apr 29 17:05:11 1992
    NumCells  =    383  NumGenotypes =    144  NumSizes  =     19
    AvgSize   =     74  NumGenDG     =      8  NumGenRQ  =    144
    AvgPop    =    376  Births       =   1071  Deaths    =   1061
    MaxGenPop =    118  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    118 (0080aaa)
    RateMut   =  11185  RateMovMut   =   1184  RateFlaw  =  94720
extract: 0080aad @ 8

     The meaning of each different kind of information is described below:

> Using instruction set (INST) = 1

     Because we are likely to proliferate instruction sets in the near
future, the system lets us know which one it is using.

> TIERRA: LOG = on, Histogram Logging = off 

If the soup_in variable ``Log'' is non-zero, most of the information
shown in the standard output listing above will be written to the file
``tierra.log'' on disk.  Histogram Logging = off indicates that histograms
viewed through the menu system will not be saved to the log.  This option
can be toggled so that static histograms are saved to the log.

> sizeof(Instruction)   = 1
> sizeof(Cell)   = 180
> sizeof(MemFr) = 16

     The size in bytes of each of the main structures, of which the system
will allocate large arrays at startup.

>     60000 bytes allocated for soup
>     16380 bytes allocated for cells
>     8000 bytes allocated for MemFr

     The total number of bytes used for each of the three main arrays of
structures.

> tsetup: arrays allocated without error

     Statement indicating that the arrays were allocated without error.

> beginning of GetNewSoup

     Statement indicating that the program is entering the GetNewSoup()
function.

> seed = 690349257

     A record of the seed of the random number generator used in this run.
This can be used to repeat the run if desired.

> init of soup complete

     A statement indicating that the soup has been initialized.

> GetNewSoup: loading 0080aaa into cell 0,2

     A statement indicating that the system is innoculating the soup with
a creature of size 80.  There will be a comparable line for every creature
used in innoculating the soup at startup.  The first creature goes into cell
2 of array 0, because cells 0 and 1 are used for other purposes.

> InstExeC      =      0  Generations  =      0  Wed Apr 29 17:00:06 1992
>     NumCells  =      1  NumGenotypes =      1  NumSizes  =      1
>     AvgSize   =     80  NumGenDG     =      1  NumGenRQ  =      1
>     RateMut   =   6382  RateMovMut   =   1280  RateFlaw  = 102400
> tsetup: soup gotten

     These lines indicate the starting conditions of several variables which
will be explained below.

> extract: 0080aaa @ 276 v

     This line indicates that the genotype 0080aaa crossed one of the
frequency thresholds set in the soup_in file, SavThrMem or SavThrPop,
and that there were 276 adult creatures of this genotype in the soup
when this was noted.  However, no creatures are extracted until the
reaper is activated when the soup becomes full.  This means that 0080aaa
was not actually extracted at the time that it crossed a threshold, but
actually much later, when it had a relatively large population.  The v
after 276 indicates that this was a ``virtual extraction'', which means
that the genome was not actually saved to disk, since it already has been
saved to disk.  Anytime a permanent genotype goes extinct, then reappears
and crosses a threshold, it will experience a virtual extraction, which
just means that the crossing of the threshold will be reported as an extract
in standard out and in the tierra.log file (this information can be put
to good use by the tieout tool: tieout tierra.log ie ex)

> InstExeC      =      1  Generations  =      3  Wed Apr 29 17:01:04 1992
>     NumCells  =    376  NumGenotypes =    131  NumSizes  =      8
>     AvgSize   =     79  NumGenDG     =      1  NumGenRQ  =    131
>     AvgPop    =    292  Births       =    995  Deaths    =    620
>     MaxGenPop =    208  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    208 (0080aaa)
>     RateMut   =  12515  RateMovMut   =   1264  RateFlaw  = 101120

     A statement of this form is printed after every million instructions
executed by the system.  See the plan() function in the bookeep.c module
for more details on this.

> InstExeC      =      1  Generations  =      3  Wed Apr 29 17:01:04 1992

     InstExeC = 1 tells us that one million instructions have been executed
in this run.  Generations = 3 tells us that roughly three generations of
creatures have passed so far during this run.  Wed Apr 29 17:01:04 1992
tells us the time and date of this record.

>     NumCells  =    376  NumGenotypes =    131  NumSizes  =      8

     NumCells = 376 tells us that there were 376 adult cells (and a roughly
equal number of daughter cells) at this point in the run.  NumGenotypes = 131
tells us that there were 131 distinct adult genotypes (code sequences) living
in the soup at the time of this record.  NumSizes = 8 tells us that there
were eight distinct adult genome sizes (creature code lengths) living in the
soup at this time.

>     AvgSize   =     79  NumGenDG     =      1  NumGenRQ  =    131

     AvgSize = 79 tells us that the average size of all the adult creatures
living in the soup at this time was 79 instructions.  NumGenDG = 1 tells us
that there is one genotype that has received a permanent name and been saved
to disk as .gen files in the genebank directory gb.  NumGenRQ = 131 tells us
that at this time there were 131 distinct genotypes being held in the genebank
in RAM (the ramqueue).

>     AvgPop    =    292  Births       =    995  Deaths    =    620

AvgPop = 292 tells us that during the last million instructions the average
population was 292 adult cells.  Births = 995 tells us that during the last
million instructions, there were 995 births.  Deaths = 620 tells us that
during the last million instructions, there were 620 deaths.

>     MaxGenPop =    208  (0080aaa)    MaxGenMem =    208 (0080aaa)

     MaxGenPop =    208  (0080aaa) tells us that at this time, the genotype
with the largest population is 80aaa, and that it has a population of 208
adult cells.  MaxGenMem =    208 (0080aaa) tells us that the genotype whose
adult cells occupy the largest share of space in the soup is 80aaa, and that
it has