sox.1

linux下录音程序

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\fB\\$1\fR
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.TH SOX 1 "September 6, 1998"
.SH NAME
sox \- SOund eXchange : universal sound sample translator
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B sox \fIinfile outfile \fB
.br
.B sox \fIinfile outfile \fB[ \fIeffect\fR 
.B [ \fIeffect options ...\fB ] ]
.br
.B sox \fIinfile \fB-e \fIeffect\fR 
.B [ \fIeffect options ...\fB ]
.br
.B sox
[\fI general options \fB ]
[ \fIformat options \fB ]
\fIifile\fB 
[ \fIformat options \fB ]
\fIofile\fB 
[ \fIeffect\fR [ \fIeffect options ...\fB ] ]
.P
\fIGeneral options:\fB
[ -e ]
[ -h ]
[ -p ]
[ -v \fIvolume\fB ]
[ -V ]
.P
\fIFormat options:\fB
[ \fB-t \fIfiletype\fB ]
[ -r \fIrate\fB ]
[ -s/-u/-U/-A/-a/-g ]
[ -b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D ]
[ -c \fIchannels\fB ]
[ -x ]
.P
\fIEffects:\fB
.br
	avg [ \fI-l\fB | \fI-r\fB ]
.br
	band \fB[ \fI-n \fB] \fIcenter \fB[ \fIwidth\fB ]
.br
 	check 
.br
	chorus \fIgain-in gain out delay decay speed depth
		-s\fB | \fI-t\fB [ \fIdelay decay speed depth -s\fB | -fI-t\fB ]
.br
	copy
.br
	cut
.br
	deemph
.br
	echo \fIgain-in gain-out delay decay\fB [ \fIdelay decay ...\fB]
.br
	echos \fIgain-in gain-out delay decay\fB [ \fIdelay decay ...\fB]
.br
	flanger \fIgain-in gain-out delay decay speed -s\fB | -fI-t\fB
.br
	highp \fIcenter\fB
.br
	lowp \fIcenter\fB
.br
	map
.br
	mask
.br
	phaser \fIgain-in gain-out delay decay speed -s\fB | \fI-t\fB
.br
	pick
.br
	polyphase [ \fI-w \fR< \fInum\fR / \fIham\fR > ] 
               [ \fI -width \fR< \fI long \fR / \fIshort \fR / \fI# \fR> ] 
               [ \fI-cutoff # \fR ]
.br
	\fBrate 
.br
	resample
.br
	reverb \fIgain-out reverb-time delay\fB [ \fIdelay ... \fB]
.br
	reverse
.br
	split
.br
	stat [ \fIdebug\fB | \fI-v\fB ]
.br
	vibro \fIspeed \fB[ \fIdepth\fB ]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Sox
translates sound files from one format to another,
possibly doing a sound effect.
.SH OPTIONS
The option syntax is a little grotty, but in essence:
.br
	sox file.au file.voc 
.br
translates a sound sample in SUN Sparc .AU format 
into a SoundBlaster .VOC file, while
.br
	sox -v 0.5 file.au -rate 12000 file.voc rate
.br
does the same format translation but also 
lowers the amplitude by 1/2 and changes
the sampling rate from 8000 hertz to 12000 hertz via
the
.B rate
\fIsound effect\fR loop.
.PP
File type options:
.TP 10
\fB-t\fI filetype
gives the type of the sound sample file.
.TP 10
\fB-r \fIrate\fR
Give sample rate in Hertz of file.
.TP 10
\fB-s/-u/-U/-A/-a/-g\fR
The sample data is signed linear (2's complement),
unsigned linear, U-law (logarithmic), A-law (logarithmic),
ADPCM, or GSM.
U-law and A-law are the U.S. and international
standards for logarithmic telephone sound compression.
ADPCM is form of sound compression that has a good
comprimise between good sound quality and fast encoding/decoding
time.
GSM is a stardard used for telephone sound compression in
European contries and its gaining popularity because of its
quality.
.TP 10
\fB-b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D\fR
The sample data is in bytes, 16-bit words, 32-bit longwords,
32-bit floats, 64-bit double floats, or 80-bit IEEE floats.
Floats and double floats are in native machine format.
.TP 10
\fB-x\fR
The sample data is in XINU format; that is,
it comes from a machine with the opposite word order 
than yours and must
be swapped according to the word-size given above.
Only 16-bit and 32-bit integer data may be swapped.
Machine-format floating-point data is not portable.
IEEE floats are a fixed, portable format. ???
.TP 10
\fB-c \fIchannels\fR
The number of sound channels in the data file.
This may be 1, 2, or 4; for mono, stereo, or quad sound data.
.PP
General options:
.TP 10
\fB-e\fR
after the input file allows you to avoid giving
an output file and just name an effect.
This is mainly useful with the 
.B stat
effect but can be used with others.
.TP 10
\fB-h\fR
Print version number and usage information.
.TP 10
\fB-p\fR
Run in preview mode and run fast.  This will somewhat speed up
sox when the output format has a different number of channels and
a different rate then the input file.  The order that the effects 
are run in will be arranged for maximum speed and not quality.
.TP 10
\fB-v \fIvolume\fR
Change amplitude (floating point); 
less than 1.0 decreases, greater than 1.0 increases.
Note: we perceive volume logarithmically, not linearly.
Note: see the
.B stat
effect.
.TP 10
\fB-V\fR
Print a description of processing phases.
Useful for figuring out exactly how
.I sox
is mangling your sound samples.
.PP
The input and output files may be standard input and output.
This is specified by '-'.
The 
.B -t\ \fItype
option must be given in this case,
else 
.I sox 
will not know the format of the given file.
The
.B -t,
.B -r,
.B -s/-u/-U/-A,
.B -b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D
and
.B -x
options refer to the input data when given before the
input file name.  After, they refer to the output data.
.PP
If you don't give an output file name,
.I sox
will just read the input file.
This is useful for validating structured file formats;
the 
.B stat 
effect may also be used
via the 
.B -e
option.
.SH FILE TYPES
.I Sox
needs to know the formats of the input and output files.
File formats which have headers are checked, 
if that header doesn't seem right,
the program exits with an appropriate message.
Currently, raw (no header) binary and textual data, 
Amiga 8SVX, Apple/SGI AIFF, SPARC .AU (w/header), NeXT .SND,
CD-R, CVSD, GSM 06.10, Mac HCOM, Sound Tools MAUD, OSS device drivers,
Turtle Beach .SMP, Sound Blaster, Sndtool, and Sounder,
Sun Audio device driver,
Yamaha TX-16W Sampler, IRCAM Sound Files,  Creative Labs VOC,
Psion .WVE, and Microsoft RIFF/WAV are supported.
.PP
.TP 10
.B .8svx
Amiga 8SVX musical instrument description format.
.TP 10
.B .aiff
AIFF files used on Apple IIc/IIgs and SGI.
Note: the AIFF format supports only one SSND chunk.
It does not support multiple sound chunks, 
or the 8SVX musical instrument description format.
AIFF files are multimedia archives and
and can have multiple audio and picture chunks.
You may need a separate archiver to work with them.
.TP 10
.B .au
SUN Microsystems AU files.
There are apparently many types of .au files;
DEC has invented its own with a different magic number
and word order.  
The .au handler can read these files but will not write them.
Some .au files have valid AU headers and some do not.
The latter are probably original SUN u-law 8000 hz samples.
These can be dealt with using the 
.TP 10
.B .cdr
CD-R
.br
CD-R files are used in mastering music Compact Disks.
The file format is, as you might expect, raw stereo
raw unsigned samples at 44khz.  But, there's
some blocking/padding oddity in the format, so it
needs its own handler.
.TP 10
.B .cvs
Continuously Variable Slope Delta modulation
.br
Used to compress speech audio for applications such as voice mail.
.TP 10
.B .dat      
Text Data files
.br
These files contain a textual representation of the
sample data.  There is one line at the beginning
that contains the sample rate.  Subsequent lines
contain two numeric data items: the time since
the beginning of the sample and the sample value.
Values are normalized so that the maximum and minimum
are 1.00 and -1.00.  This file format can be used to
create data files for external programs such as
FFT analyzers or graph routines.  SOX can also convert
a file in this format back into one of the other file
formats.
.TP 10
.B .gsm
GSM 06.10 Lossy Speech Compression
.br
A standard for compressing speech which is used in the
Global Standard for Mobil telecommunications (GSM).  Its good
for its purpose, shrinking audio data size, but it will introduce
lots of noise when a given sound sample is encoded and decoded
multiple times.  This format is used by some voice mail applications.
It is rather CPU intensive.
GSM in
.B sox
is optional and requires access to an external GSM library.  To see
if there is support for gsm run
.I sox -h
and look for it under the list of supported file formats.
.TP 10
.B .hcom
Macintosh HCOM files.
These are (apparently) Mac FSSD files with some variant
of Huffman compression.
The Macintosh has wacky file formats and this format
handler apparently doesn't handle all the ones it should.
Mac users will need your usual arsenal of file converters
to deal with an HCOM file under Unix or DOS.
.TP 10
.B .maud
An Amiga format
.br
An IFF-conform sound file type, registered by
MS MacroSystem Computer GmbH, published along
with the "Toccata" sound-card on the Amiga.
Allows 8bit linear, 16bit linear, A-Law, u-law
in mono and stereo.
.TP 10
.B ossdsp
OSS /dev/dsp device driver
.br
This is a psuedo-file type and can be optionally compiled into Sox.  Run
.B sox -h
to see if you have support for this file type.  When this driver is used
it allows you to open up the OSS /dev/dsp file and configure it to
use the same data type as passed in to
.B Sox.
It works for both playing and recording sound samples.  When playing sound
files it attempts to set up the OSS driver to use the same format as the
input file.  It is suggested to always override the output values to use
the highest quality samples your sound card can handle.  Example:
.I -t ossdsp -w -s /dev/dsp
.TP 10
.B .sf
IRCAM Sound Files.
.br
SoundFiles are used by academic music software 
such as the CSound package, and the MixView sound sample editor.
.TP 10
.B .smp
Turtle Beach SampleVision files.
.br
SMP files are for use with the PC-DOS package SampleVision by Turtle Beach
Softworks. This package is for communication to several MIDI samplers. All
sample rates are supported by the package, although not all are supported by
the samplers themselves. Currently loop points are ignored.
.TP 10
.B sunau
Sun /dev/audio device driver
.br
This is a psuedo-file type and can be optionally compiled into Sox.  Run
.B sox -h
to see if you have support for this file type.  When this driver is used
it allows you to open up a Sun /dev/audio file and configure it to
use the same data type as passed in to
.B Sox.
It works for both playing and recording sound samples.  When playing sound
files it attempts to set up the audio driver to use the same format as the
input file.  It is suggested to always override the output values to use
the highest quality samples your hardware can handle.  Example:
.I -t sunau -w -s /dev/audio