sox.txt

linux下录音程序

SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


NAME
       sox - SOund eXchange : universal sound sample translator

SYNOPSIS
       sox infile outfile
       sox infile outfile [ effect [ effect options ... ] ]
       sox infile -e effect [ effect options ... ]
       sox  [ general options  ] [ format options  ] ifile [ for-
       mat options  ] ofile [ effect [ effect options ... ] ]

       General options: [ -e ] [ -h ] [ -p ] [ -v volume ] [ -V ]

       Format	options:   [   -t  filetype  ]	[  -r  rate  ]	[
       -s/-u/-U/-A/-a/-g ] [ -b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D ] [ -c channels	]
       [ -x ]

       Effects:
	    avg [ -l | -r ]
	    band [ -n ] center [ width ]
	    check
	    chorus  gain-in  gain  out	delay  decay  speed depth
		 -s | -t [ delay decay speed depth -s | -fI-t ]
	    copy
	    cut
	    deemph
	    echo gain-in gain-out delay decay [ delay decay  ...]
	    echos gain-in gain-out delay decay [ delay decay ...]
	    flanger gain-in gain-out delay decay speed -s | -fI-t
	    highp center
	    lowp center
	    map
	    mask
	    phaser gain-in gain-out delay decay speed -s | -t
	    pick
	    polyphase [ -w < num / ham > ]
		      [	 -width <  long	 / short  / # > ]
		      [ -cutoff #  ]
	    rate
	    resample
	    reverb gain-out reverb-time delay [ delay ... ]
	    reverse
	    split
	    stat [ debug | -v ]
	    vibro speed [ depth ]

DESCRIPTION
       Sox  translates	sound  files  from one format to another,
       possibly doing a sound effect.

OPTIONS
       The option syntax is a little grotty, but in essence:
	    sox file.au file.voc
       translates a sound sample in SUN Sparc .AU format  into	a
       SoundBlaster .VOC file, while



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SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


	    sox -v 0.5 file.au -rate 12000 file.voc rate
       does  the  same	format	translation  but  also lowers the
       amplitude by 1/2 and changes the sampling rate  from  8000
       hertz to 12000 hertz via the rate sound effect loop.

       File type options:

       -t filetype
		 gives the type of the sound sample file.

       -r rate	 Give sample rate in Hertz of file.

       -s/-u/-U/-A/-a/-g
		 The  sample  data  is signed linear (2's comple-
		 ment), unsigned linear, U-law (logarithmic),  A-
		 law  (logarithmic), ADPCM, or GSM.  U-law and A-
		 law are the U.S. and international standards for
		 logarithmic  telephone sound compression.  ADPCM
		 is form of sound compression  that  has  a  good
		 comprimise  between  good sound quality and fast
		 encoding/decoding time.  GSM is a stardard  used
		 for telephone sound compression in European con-
		 tries and its gaining popularity because of  its
		 quality.

       -b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D
		 The  sample  data  is	in  bytes,  16-bit words,
		 32-bit longwords, 32-bit floats,  64-bit  double
		 floats,  or 80-bit IEEE floats.  Floats and dou-
		 ble floats are in native machine format.

       -x	 The sample data is in XINU format; that  is,  it
		 comes	from  a	 machine  with	the opposite word
		 order than yours and must be  swapped	according
		 to  the  word-size given above.  Only 16-bit and
		 32-bit integer data may  be  swapped.	 Machine-
		 format	 floating-point	 data  is  not	portable.
		 IEEE floats are a fixed, portable format. ???

       -c channels
		 The number of sound channels in the  data  file.
		 This  may  be	1,  2, or 4; for mono, stereo, or
		 quad sound data.

       General options:

       -e	 after the input file allows you to avoid  giving
		 an output file and just name an effect.  This is
		 mainly useful with the stat effect  but  can  be
		 used with others.

       -h	 Print version number and usage information.

       -p	 Run  in  preview  mode	 and run fast.	This will



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SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


		 somewhat speed up sox when the output format has
		 a  different  number of channels and a different
		 rate then the input file.  The	 order	that  the
		 effects  are run in will be arranged for maximum
		 speed and not quality.

       -v volume Change amplitude (floating point); less than 1.0
		 decreases, greater than 1.0 increases.	 Note: we
		 perceive volume logarithmically,  not	linearly.
		 Note: see the stat effect.

       -V	 Print	a description of processing phases.  Use-
		 ful for figuring out exactly how sox is mangling
		 your sound samples.

       The  input and output files may be standard input and out-
       put.  This is specified by '-'.	The -t type  option  must
       be  given  in this case, else sox will not know the format
       of   the	  given	  file.	   The	 -t,   -r,   -s/-u/-U/-A,
       -b/-w/-l/-f/-d/-D  and  -x options refer to the input data
       when given before the input file name.  After, they  refer
       to the output data.

       If  you don't give an output file name, sox will just read
       the input file.	This is useful for validating  structured
       file  formats; the stat effect may also be used via the -e
       option.

FILE TYPES
       Sox needs to know the formats  of  the  input  and  output
       files.	File  formats  which have headers are checked, if
       that header doesn't seem right, the program exits with  an
       appropriate  message.   Currently,  raw (no header) binary
       and textual data, Amiga 8SVX, Apple/SGI	AIFF,  SPARC  .AU
       (w/header),  NeXT  .SND,	 CD-R, CVSD, GSM 06.10, Mac HCOM,
       Sound Tools MAUD, OSS device drivers, Turtle  Beach  .SMP,
       Sound  Blaster,	Sndtool,  and  Sounder,	 Sun Audio device
       driver, Yamaha TX-16W Sampler, IRCAM  Sound  Files,   Cre-
       ative  Labs  VOC,  Psion	 .WVE, and Microsoft RIFF/WAV are
       supported.


       .8svx	 Amiga 8SVX musical instrument	description  for-
		 mat.

       .aiff	 AIFF  files  used  on	Apple  IIc/IIgs	 and SGI.
		 Note: the AIFF format	supports  only	one  SSND
		 chunk.	  It  does  not	 support  multiple  sound
		 chunks, or the 8SVX musical instrument	 descrip-
		 tion format.  AIFF files are multimedia archives
		 and and can  have  multiple  audio  and  picture
		 chunks.   You	may  need  a separate archiver to
		 work with them.




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SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


       .au	 SUN Microsystems AU files.  There are apparently
		 many  types  of  .au files; DEC has invented its
		 own with  a  different	 magic	number	and  word
		 order.	 The .au handler can read these files but
		 will not write them.  Some .au files have  valid
		 AU  headers  and  some	 do  not.  The latter are
		 probably original SUN	u-law  8000  hz	 samples.
		 These can be dealt with using the

       .cdr	 CD-R
		 CD-R  files  are used in mastering music Compact
		 Disks.	 The file format is, as you might expect,
		 raw  stereo raw unsigned samples at 44khz.  But,
		 there's some blocking/padding oddity in the for-
		 mat, so it needs its own handler.

       .cvs	 Continuously Variable Slope Delta modulation
		 Used  to  compress speech audio for applications
		 such as voice mail.

       .dat	 Text Data files
		 These files contain a textual representation  of
		 the  sample  data.   There  is	 one  line at the
		 beginning that contains the sample rate.  Subse-
		 quent	lines contain two numeric data items: the
		 time since the beginning of the sample	 and  the
		 sample value.	Values are normalized so that the
		 maximum and minimum are 1.00  and  -1.00.   This
		 file format can be used to create data files for
		 external programs such as FFT analyzers or graph
		 routines.   SOX  can also convert a file in this
		 format back into one of the other file	 formats.

       .gsm	 GSM 06.10 Lossy Speech Compression
		 A  standard for compressing speech which is used
		 in the Global Standard for Mobil  telecommunica-
		 tions	(GSM).	Its good for its purpose, shrink-
		 ing audio data size, but it will introduce  lots
		 of  noise  when  a given sound sample is encoded
		 and decoded multiple times.  This format is used
		 by  some  voice mail applications.  It is rather
		 CPU intensive.	  GSM  in  sox	is  optional  and
		 requires  access to an external GSM library.  To
		 see if there is support for gsm run sox  -h  and
		 look  for  it	under  the list of supported file
		 formats.

       .hcom	 Macintosh HCOM files.	 These	are  (apparently)
		 Mac FSSD files with some variant of Huffman com-
		 pression.  The Macintosh has wacky file  formats
		 and  this format handler apparently doesn't han-
		 dle all the ones it should.  Mac users will need
		 your  usual  arsenal  of file converters to deal
		 with an HCOM file under Unix or DOS.



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SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


       .maud	 An Amiga format
		 An IFF-conform sound file type, registered by MS
		 MacroSystem  Computer GmbH, published along with
		 the "Toccata" sound-card on the  Amiga.   Allows
		 8bit  linear, 16bit linear, A-Law, u-law in mono
		 and stereo.

       ossdsp	 OSS /dev/dsp device driver
		 This is a psuedo-file type and can be optionally
		 compiled  into	 Sox.	Run  sox -h to see if you
		 have support for  this	 file  type.   When  this
		 driver	 is used it allows you to open up the OSS
		 /dev/dsp file and configure it to use	the  same
		 data  type  as	 passed	 in to Sox.  It works for
		 both playing and recording sound samples.   When
		 playing  sound	 files	it attempts to set up the
		 OSS driver to use the same format as  the  input
		 file.	 It  is	 suggested to always override the
		 output values to use the highest quality samples
		 your  sound card can handle.  Example: -t ossdsp
		 -w -s /dev/dsp

       .sf	 IRCAM Sound Files.
		 SoundFiles are used by academic  music	 software
		 such  as  the	CSound	package,  and the MixView
		 sound sample editor.

       .smp	 Turtle Beach SampleVision files.
		 SMP files are for use with  the  PC-DOS  package
		 SampleVision  by  Turtle  Beach  Softworks. This
		 package is for	 communication	to  several  MIDI
		 samplers.  All sample rates are supported by the
		 package, although not all are supported  by  the
		 samplers  themselves.	Currently loop points are
		 ignored.

       sunau	 Sun /dev/audio device driver
		 This is a psuedo-file type and can be optionally
		 compiled  into	 Sox.	Run  sox -h to see if you
		 have support for  this	 file  type.   When  this
		 driver	 is  used  it allows you to open up a Sun
		 /dev/audio file and configure it to use the same
		 data  type  as	 passed	 in to Sox.  It works for
		 both playing and recording sound samples.   When
		 playing  sound	 files	it attempts to set up the
		 audio driver to use the same format as the input
		 file.	 It  is	 suggested to always override the
		 output values to use the highest quality samples
		 your  hardware can handle.  Example: -t sunau -w
		 -s /dev/audio or -t sunau -U -c 1 /dev/audio for
		 older sun equipment.

       .txw	 Yamaha TX-16W sampler.
		 A  file  format  from a Yamaha sampling keyboard



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SOX(1)							   SOX(1)


		 which wrote IBM-PC format 3.5"	 floppies.   Han-
		 dles reading of files which do not have the sam-
		 ple rate field set to one  of	the  expected  by
		 looking  at  some other bytes in the attack/loop
		 length fields, and defaulting to  33kHz  if  the
		 sample rate is still unknown.

       .vms	 More info to come.
		 Used  to  compress speech audio for applications
		 such as voice mail.

       .voc	 Sound Blaster VOC files.
		 VOC files are	multi-part  and	 contain  silence
		 parts,	 looping,  and different sample rates for
		 different chunks.  On input, the  silence  parts
		 are  filled  out, loops are rejected, and sample
		 data  with  a	new  sample  rate  is	rejected.
		 Silence  with	a different sample rate is gener-
		 ated appropriately.  On output, silence  is  not
		 detected, nor are impossible sample rates.

       .wav	 Microsoft .WAV RIFF files.
		 These	appear	to  be very similar to IFF files,
		 but not the same.  They  are  the  native  sound
		 file format of Windows.  (Obviously, Windows was
		 of such incredible importance	to  the	 computer
		 industry  that it just had to have its own sound
		 file format.)	Normally .wav files have all for-