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<P>
DIR 方向控制，与CPU地线相接，电机反转</P>
<P> VCC 直流电源正端</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>GND 直流电源负端
</P>
<P> A 接电机引出线红线</P>
<P> <IMG height=18
src="金坛四海电机电器厂_步进电机原理及使用说明.files/A1.gif"
width=21> 接电机引出线绿线 </P>
<P>
B 接电机引出线黄线</P>
<P> <IMG height=18
src="金坛四海电机电器厂_步进电机原理及使用说明.files/B1.gif"
width=15> 接电机引出线蓝线</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>步进电机一经定型，其性能取决于电机的驱动电源。步进电机转速越高，力距越大则要求电机的电流越大，驱动电源的电压越高。电压对力矩影响如下：</P>
<P align=center><IMG height=128 src="金坛四海电机电器厂_步进电机原理及使用说明.files/I.gif"
width=232></P>
<P> 4、细分驱动器</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>在步进电机步距角不能满足使用的条件下，可采用细分驱动器来驱动步进电机，细分驱动器的原理是通过改变相邻（A，B）电流的大小，以改变合成磁场的夹角来控制步进电机运转的。</P>
<P align=center><IMG height=157 src="金坛四海电机电器厂_步进电机原理及使用说明.files/M.gif"
width=213></P></FONT>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000 size=4><STRONG>四、步进电机的应用</STRONG></FONT></P><FONT
color=#000000 size=3>
<P>（一）步进电机的选择</P>
<P>
步进电机有步距角（涉及到相数）、静转矩、及电流三大要素组成。一旦三大要素确定，步进电机的型号便确定下来了。</P>
<P>1、步距角的选择</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>电机的步距角取决于负载精度的要求，将负载的最小分辨率（当量）换算到电机轴上，每个当量电机应走多少角度（包括减速）。电机的步距角应等于或小于此角度。目前市场上步进电机的步距角一般有0.36度/0.72度（五相电机）、0.9度/1.8度（二、四相电机）、1.5度/3度
（三相电机）等。</P>
<P>2、静力矩的选择</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>步进电机的动态力矩一下子很难确定，我们往往先确定电机的静力矩。静力矩选择的依据是电机工作的负载，而负载可分为惯性负载和摩擦负载二种。单一的惯性负载和单一的摩擦负载是不存在的。直接起动时（一般由低速）时二种负载均要考虑，加速起动时主要考虑惯性负载，恒速运行进只要考虑摩擦负载。一般情况下，静力矩应为摩擦负载的2-3倍内好，静力矩一旦选定，电机的机座及长度便能确定下来（几何尺寸）</P>
<P>3、电流的选择</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>静力矩一样的电机，由于电流参数不同，其运行特性差别很大，可依据矩频特性曲线图，判断电机的电流（参考驱动电源、及驱动电压）</P>
<P> <FONT color=#0000ff size=3>
</FONT>综上所述选择电机一般应遵循以下步骤：</P>
<P align=center> <IMG height=280
src="金坛四海电机电器厂_步进电机原理及使用说明.files/L.gif" width=292></P>
<P align=left> </P>
<P align=left> </P>
<P>4、力矩与功率换算</P></FONT>
<P><FONT face="" size=4>
步进电机一般在较大范围内调速使用、其功率是变化的，一般只用力矩来衡量，力矩与功率换算如下：</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4><FONT
face="">
P=<SPAN
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style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Ω<SPAN
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<P><FONT size=4><SPAN
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Ω=2<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">π<SPAN
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<P><FONT size=4><SPAN
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
P=2<SPAN
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<P><FONT size=4><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT
size=3> 其P为功率单位为</FONT><SPAN
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size=5><FONT size=3>瓦</FONT>，<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Ω<FONT
size=3>为每秒角速度，单位为弧度，n为每分钟转速，M为力矩单位为牛顿<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">·米</SPAN></FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=4><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <FONT
size=3> P=2πfM/400(半步工作）</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3><SPAN
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<SPAN
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