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>> 怎样才能通过ORACLE8DBA(OCP)考试 [<a href=http://www.jsp001.com/forum/showthread.php?goto=newpost&threadid=318>查看别人的评论</a>]<br>
<hr><p>由 guest 发布于: 2001-02-07 17:33</p><p><img src="images/icons/icon7.gif" alt="Smile" border=0> </p><p>怎样才能通过ORACLE8DBA(OCP)考试<br><br>Hi, little fish <br><br>I can share my tips, but I find your website have not the oracle certification. <br>You can add it. If my tips can help you, tell me. <br><br>Best regards, <br><br>Sandy <br> <br>-------------------------------------- <br>How to pass the ORACLE 8 DBA(OCP) exam: <br><br>1. Get and read the student books from oracle or your friend(12 total), all the content in the books. <br>2. Do the assess exam.(run the attachment file assess.exe to install it).<br> （Download assess.exe）. <br>3. You can find more information at Oracle website. <br>4. Other tips below: <br><br>1Z0-001 - Into to Oracle: SQL and PL/SQL <br><br>1.An expr. with NULL always evaluates to NULL, except ||, which treats NULL as '' <br>2.Comparison to NULL is always FALSE <br>3.All functions, except COUNT(*), ignores NULL values <br>4.NULLS are displayed last with ORDERED BY in Oracle8 <br>5.Logical evaluation: TRUE takes precedence with OR, FALSE with AND <br>6.There are a lot of questions about GROUP BY/ HAVING... <br>7.Use WHERE to exclude rows, HAVING to exclude groups from a query <br>8.Know when a cartesian product will be formed. You need a min of N-1 conditions when you join N tables. <br>9.Know the difference between an equi (=), self (must use tab aliases), outer (+) and non-equi (IN, etc) join <br>10.You can only have a subquery in a FROM/ WHERE/ HAVING clause of a SELECT statement <br>11.Sub-queries and VIEWS cannot contain ORDER BY <br>12.A literal is any char/num/expr in a SELECT LIST that's not a col or col alias <br>13.MIN and MAX are the only functions that can operate on any datatype <br>14.PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints will implicitly create INDEXES <br>15.There is a lot of questions like: "Which line will return an error?". Look for names starting with numbers, invalid constraints, etc. <br><br>1Z0-013 - Oracle8: Database Administration<br><br>1.INSTANCE=SGA + background processed (not server processes); INSTANCE will open a DATABASE on disk <br>2.SGA=System Global Area/ PGA=Program Global Area <br>3.Oracle server creates PGA as writeable and non-shared/ SGA as shared <br>4.Know what background processes are doing in detail, DBWR, SMON, PMON, LGWR, etc. <br>5.SMON coalesces adjacent free extents into larger extent <br>6.Server processes executes SQL; Main phases are PARSE (setup parse tree=most effective search path), EXECUTE (apply parse tree) and FETCH (get rows) <br>7.Server configurations: single-task, two-task (dedicated server), MTS (shared server) <br>8.Shared Server: SQL*Net2/8 required, one requestQ for system, responseQ per dispatcher <br>9.Dedicated Server: use for batch, connect internal, server manager <br>10.With shared server session data and cursor state moves to SGA, stack space remains in PGA <br>11.No quota means segments cannot grow or be created, only object owner needs quotas. <br>12.By default a user has no access to any TS <br>13.If quota=0 NO ACCESS; -1=UNLIMITED (see view sys.dba_ts_quotas) <br>14.Clusters pre-allocate space/ 2 types: index clusters (stored together for faster join performance) and hush clusters <br>15.I've got about 3 questions on index clusters and none about hush clusters <br>16.Sysprivs and roles use WITH ADMIN OPTION, use WITH GRANT OPTION for object privs. <br>17.Revoke a GRANT...WITH ADMIN OPTION is not hierarchical and will not cascade, unlike WITH GRANT OPTION <br>18.Know how to calculate the size of the N nd extend. INITIAL, NEXT, NEXT := NEXT*(1+PCTINCREASE/100)... <br>19.PCTUSED is not valid for indexes; OPTIMAL is only valid for rollsegs; PCTINCREASE for rollsegs is 0 (cannot be set) <br>20.There are at least 3 questions about what will happen when PCTFREE/PCTUSED are increased/decreased <br>21.MAXTRANS applies to all blocks; INITRANS to new blocks only (23 bytes per freelist entry) <br>22.Run orapwd utility before setting REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE|SHARED; Grant OSDBA/OSOPER to users; Check V$PWFILE_USERS <br>23.DB_NAME is the only mandatory parm; DB_BLOCK_SIZE cannot change after db creation <br>24.Defaults: DB_BLOCK_SIZE=2K/ DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS=60/ SHARED_POOL_SIZE=3,500,000 bytes <br>25.Must have at least one control file and 2 log groups <br>26.Read consistency: readers do not block writers and writers do not block readers <br>AUDIT_TRAIL=DB uses SYS.AUD$ table, view via DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL <br>27.Use AUDIT SELECT for sequences <br>28.You need to set RESOURCE_LIMIT=TRUE for PROFILES (resource checking) <br>29.One can DROP from a READ ONLY ts <br><br>1Z0-014 - Oracle8: Performance Tuning Workshop<br><br>1.Tuning process is ITERATIVE and PROGRESSIVE <br>2.Many inserts/updates with OLTP, many table scans with DSS <br>3.By default the SYSTEM tablespace will be used for sorts, CHANGE IT!!! <br>4.SEP=Sort Extent Pool is in SGA, Sorts are done in user memory except with MTS it's in UGA <br>5.Use DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO to register and track modules/ created with dbmsutil.sql/ See V$SQLAREA and V$SESSION <br>6.OPTIMIZER_MODE is for instance, OPTIMIZER_GOAL is for session <br>7.RULE is based on rank/ COST is based on lowest relative cost/ COOSE goes to COST if stats exists <br>8.TKPROF: Logical reads = QUERY (logical reads in consistent mode) + CURRENT (logical reads in current mode) <br>9.V$SYSSTAT: Logical reads = consistent gets + db block gets <br>10.Tune table scans: DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT=/ CACHE_SIZE_THRESHOLD= <br>Dict. row cache: V$ROWCACHE - getmisses/gets must be < 15% <br>11.Library cache: V$LIBRARYCACHE - pins/reloads <= 1% and GETHITRATIO > 0.90 <br>12.DB Block cache: V$BH/V$CACHE - logical_reads/ (logical_reads + physical reads) must be > 80% (90% with RAW) <br>13.V$CACHE is usefull for Oracle Parallel Server <br>14.Set DB_BLOCK_LRU_LATCHES if you have misses in V$LATCH <br>15.If Redo log space requests <>0, increase LOG_BUFFER= with 5% <br>16.Latches can be WILLING-TO-WAIT (eg redo allocation) or NOWAIT (eg redo copy) <br>17.Oracle maintains all locks as ENQUEUES/ Deadlocks are resolved at statement level <br>18.Lock modes: RX=DML/ TM=table/ TX=transaction and rollseg/ RS=SELECT... FOR UPDATE/ SRX=DML and no SELECT FOR UPDATE/ UL=user lock/ S=prevents any DML <br>19.Index foreign key column on child table to prevent SHARE lock during DML on parent!!! <br>20.Use SID and Serial# in V$SESSION to kill a session <br>21.Impact of reducing DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS: Set DB_BLOCK_LRU_STATISTICS= and query V$KCBCBH <br>22.Impact if increasing DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS: Set DB_BLOCK_EXTENDED_LRU_STATISTICS= and query V$KCBCBH <br>23.To keep sorts in memory, increase SORT_AREA_SIZE <br>24.SORT_WRITE_BUFFERS (16k - 32k) * SORT_WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE (2-8) + SORT_AREA_SIZE <br>25.Any MTS parameter may be wrong, but if MTS_SERVICE=SID, you will get a dedicated server connection if shared cannot be established <br><br>1Z0-015 - Oracle8: Backup and recovery Workshop <br>1.Backups types: Image copies (operating system backups) or logical backups (imp/ exp) <br>2.Files to backup: select * from v$controlfile/v$datafile/v$logfile, init.ora and password file <br>3.NOARCHIVELOG mode is default, you need to switch to ARCHIVELOG to do online-backups and point-in-time recovery. <br>4.You can only switch log mode in MOUNT-state (STARTUP MOUNT). You need ALTER DATABASE privs to do this. <br>5.LOG_ARCHIVE_START=TRUE will start ARCH process <br>6.An on-line DB is backed up tablespace by tablespace. Use the ALTER TABLESPACE BEGIN BACKUP command (Not READ ONLY tablespaces!!!) <br>7.Exp/imp DIRECT=YES uses RECORDLENGTH= and not BUFFER=. Data written directly to TTC (Two task common buffer) and bypasses BUFFER CACHE <br>8.Use exp CONSISTENT=YES if you need to preserve integrity between tables. <br>9.INCTYPE=INCREMENTAL - objects changed since last export of any type/ INCTYPE=CUMULATIVE - obects changed since last cumulative export <br>10.You cannot roll forward after a logical recovery (ie apply redo log files after an import). <br>11.After DB structure changes (know when - 2-3 questions) do an ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE... <br>12.Complete Recovery: DATABASE/ TABLESPACE/ DATAFILE based <br>13.Incomplete Recovery: TIME (YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS)/ CANCEL/ CHANGE based <br>14.Incomplete recovery not possable on SYSTEM ts or ts with active rollsegs. <br>15.Be careful not to confuse CANCEL and CHANGED based recovery. <br>16.All datafiles must be restored for an incomplete recovery. Incomplete recovery is to a point in the past. <br>17.After incomplete recovery, do an OPEN RESETLOGS and take a backup. <br>18.If LOG_BLOCK_CHECKSUM=TRUE and checksum fails: ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE... <br>19.Use DBVERIFY (dbv file=...) to check offline datafiles for structural damage (be careful, the training guide incorrectly states that both On-line and Off-line files can be checked) <br><br>1Z0-016 - Oracle8: Network Administration <br>1.The exam is easy, but take care of it, some answer is out of your image. <br>2.At chapter 1,2 and 3, the answer is ambigious. It is easy to lose your scores. <br><br><br> <br></p></td>
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