zhide.cpp

学生注册信息管理系统,通过C语言结构实现学生注册信息管理系统,包括学生的学好,专业,学院,年龄,性别,生日等信息,还有根据学生的姓名,学好查找学生,对学生的信息进行修改,删除,添加等操作!

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int i;/*定义全局变量i，主要控制学生的数量*/
struct student
{
 long int num;/*学号*/
 char name[20];/*名字*/
 char sex;/*性别*/
 char xibie[40];/*系别*/
 char zhuanye[30];/*专业*/
 int day;/*生日的day*/
 int month;/*生日的月*/
 int year;/*生日的年*/
 int il;/*文件中学生的个数*/
}stu[200];/*定义一个结构数组最大为200*/
void shuru(int r)/*定义个一个函数，用此函数从键盘读入学生的信息*/
{
 char j;
 i=r;
 for(;i<200;++i)/*应用for循环从键盘读入个个学生的信息*/
    {
     if(i==0||i==r)/*从别的函数中得到变量r，看r是否为第一个*/
      printf("please input the first one:\n");
     else
	{
	 printf("do you want to input another?y/n\n");
	 scanf("%c",&j);
	 if(j!='y'&&j!='Y')
	  break;
	}
     stu[i].il=i;
     printf("please input the student's number:\n");
     scanf("%ld",&stu[i].num);
     printf("please input the student's name:\n");
     scanf("%s",stu[i].name);
     getchar();
     printf("please input the student's sex:f/m?\n");
     scanf("%c",&stu[i].sex);
     printf("please input the student's department:\n");
     scanf("%s",stu[i].xibie);
     printf("please input the student's profession:\n");
     scanf("%s",stu[i].zhuanye);
     printf("the year of the student's birthday:\n");
     scanf("%d",&stu[i].year);
     printf("the month:\n");
     scanf("%d",&stu[i].month);
     printf("the day:\n");
     scanf("%d",&stu[i].day);
     getchar();
    }
}
void menu()/*菜但函数*/
{
 printf("\n0.new\n");
 printf("1.open\n");
 printf("2.input new students' information\n");
 printf("3.search one student\n");
 printf("4.modify one student's information\n");
 printf("5.delete one student's information\n");
 printf("6.save\n");
 printf("7.quit\n");
}
void if_break()
{
 printf("the number you input is error!");
}
void zprintfzhd()/*打开目标文件后，把文件中的内容读入数组结构，并把il的值赋给全局变量i*/
{
 int k=0;
 int f;
 FILE*fp;
 getchar();
 char dir[40];
 printf("please input the directories:\n");/*输入目标文件的路径*/
 gets(dir);
 if((fp=fopen(dir,"rb"))==NULL)
    {
     printf("don't have old file!");
    }
 do
    { fread(&stu[k],sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
      k++;
    } while(!feof(fp));
 i=stu[k-2].il+1;
 fclose(fp);
}
void printfzhd()/*利用for循环打印出所有学生的信息*/
{
 int k=0;
 struct student *p;
 p=&stu[0];
 printf("number:\t\t");
 printf("name:\t");
 printf("sex:\t");
 printf("department:\t");
 printf("profession:\t");
 printf("birthday:\n");
 for(;k<i;k++)
    {
      printf("%ld\t",(p+k)->num);
      printf("%s\t",(p+k)->name);
      printf("%c\t",(p+k)->sex);
      printf("%s\t",(p+k)->xibie);
      printf("%s\t",(p+k)->zhuanye);
      printf("%d",(p+k)->year);
      printf(".");
      printf("%d",(p+k)->month);
      printf(".");
      printf("%d\n",(p+k)->day);
    }
}
void snumberzhd()/*根据从键盘输入的学生的名字，查找其对应学生的信息*/
{
 long int a;
 int b,q;
 struct student *p;
 p=&stu[0];
 q=1;
 printf("\nplease input the student's number:\n");
 scanf("%ld",&a);
 for(b=0;b<i;b++,p++)
    {
     if(a==p->num)
	{
	 printf("number:%ld\n",p->num);
	 printf("name:%s\n",p->name);
	 printf("sex:%c\n",p->sex);
	 printf("department:%s\n",p->xibie);
	 printf("profession:%s\n",p->zhuanye);
	 printf("birthday:%d.%d.%d\n",p->year,p->month,p->day);
	 q=0;
	 break;
	}
    }
 if(q)
    {
     printf("the number you input can't find in the file!\n");
    }
}
void snamezhd()/*得到从键盘上输入的名字，并查找其对应的学生信息*/
{
 char name1[20];
 int q,k;
 struct student *p;
 p=&stu[0];
 q=1;
 printf("please input the student's name:\n");
 gets(name1);
 for(k=0;k<i;k++,p++)
    {
     if(strcmp(name1,p->name)==0)
	{
	 printf("number:%ld\n",p->num);
	 printf("name:%s\n",p->name);
	 printf("sex:%c\n",p->sex);
	 printf("department:%s\n",p->xibie);
	 printf("profession:%s\n",p->zhuanye);
	 printf("birthday:%d.%d.%d\n",p->year,p->month,p->day);
	 q=0;
	 break;
	}
    }
 if(q)
    {
     printf("the name you input can't find in the file!\n");
    }
}
void newzhd()/*想要建立一个新的文件，从新开始的输入学生的信息*/
{
 printf("please input with tishi!\n and the number of all the students must less than 200!\n");
 shuru(0);
 printfzhd();
}
void openzhd()
{
 zprintfzhd();
 printfzhd();
}
void inputzhd()/*输入新学生信息的函数*/
{
 shuru(i);
}
void searchzhd()/*查找函数*/
{
 int j;
 printf("please choose the way which you want to use to search the student.\n name is 1,number is 2\n 1 or 2?");
 scanf("%d",&j);/*根据选择确定要查找的方式*/
 getchar();
 if(j!=1&&j!=2)
    {
     printf("the number you choose is error!\n");
     exit(0);
    }
 else if(j==1)
  snamezhd();
 else
  snumberzhd();
}
void modifyzhd()/*修改函数*/
{
 char name1[20];
 int q,k;
 struct student *p;
 p=&stu[0];
 q=1;
 getchar();
 printf("please input the student's name:\n");
 gets(name1);
 for(k=0;k<i;k++,p++)/*根据从键盘上读入的名字，找到其对应数组变量*/
    {
     if(strcmp(name1,p->name)==0)
	{
	 printf("number:%ld\n",p->num);
	 printf("name:%s\n",p->name);
	 printf("sex:%c\n",p->sex);
	 printf("department:%s\n",p->xibie);
	 printf("profession:%s\n",p->zhuanye);
	 printf("birthday:%d.%d.%d\n",p->year,p->month,p->day);
	 q=0;
	 stu[i].il=k;/*输入新的信息代替原来的信息，执行完这步，最好储存，因为这里只是数组结构中变了，文件中并没有改变*/
	 printf("new number:\n");
	 scanf("%ld",&stu[k].num);
	 printf("new name:\n");
	 scanf("%s",stu[k].name);
	 getchar();
	 printf("new sex:\n");
	 scanf("%c",&stu[k].sex);
	 printf("new department:\n");
	 scanf("%s",stu[k].xibie);
	 printf("new profession:\n");
	 scanf("%s",stu[k].zhuanye);
	 printf("new year of the birthday:\n");
	 scanf("%d",&stu[k].year);
	 printf("new month:\n");
	 scanf("%d",&stu[k].month);
	 printf("new day:\n");
	 scanf("%d",&stu[k].day);
	 break;
	}
    }
 if(q)
    {
     printf("the name you input can't find in the file!\n");
    }
}
void deletezhd()/*删除函数*/
{
 char name1[20];
 int q,k,l;
 struct student *p;
 p=&stu[0];
 q=1;
 getchar();
 printf("please input the student's name:\n");
 gets(name1);
 for(k=0;k<i;k++,p++)/*根据从键盘上读入的名字找到其对应的结构数组变量*/
    {
     if(strcmp(name1,p->name)==0)
	{
	 printf("number:%ld\n",p->num);
	 printf("name:%s\n",p->name);
	 printf("sex:%c\n",p->sex);
	 printf("department:%s\n",p->xibie);
	 printf("profession:%s\n",p->zhuanye);
	 printf("birthday:%d.%d.%d\n",p->year,p->month,p->day);
	 q=0;
	 for(l=k;l<i-1;l++)/*把其后面的数组结构变量一组一组的向前覆盖，从而得到删除的效果*/
	    {
	     stu[l].num=stu[l+1].num;
	     strcpy(stu[l].name,stu[l+1].name);
	     stu[l].sex=stu[l+1].sex;
	     strcpy(stu[l].xibie,stu[l+1].xibie);
	     strcpy(stu[l].zhuanye,stu[l+1].zhuanye);
	     stu[l].year=stu[l+1].year;
	     stu[l].month=stu[l+1].month;
	     stu[l].day=stu[l+1].day;
	    }
	 break;
	}
    }
 printf("the order is over!");
 i=i-1;
 if(q)
    {
     printf("the name you input can't find in the file!\n");
    }
}
void savezhd()/*储存函数，把结构数组中的变量一每个数组为单位，储存在指定文件中*/
{
 int k;
 FILE *fp;
 char dir[40];
 getchar();
 printf("please input the directories:\n");
 gets(dir);/*得到储存路径*/
 if((fp=fopen(dir,"w+b"))==NULL)
     {
      printf("cannot open the file");
      exit(1);
     }
 for(k=0;k<i;k++)
    {
     fwrite(&stu[k],sizeof(struct student),1,fp);
    }
 fclose(fp);
 printf("save over!");
}
void quitzhd()/*退出函数，不执行任何命令*/
{}
void sswitch(int o)/*从main函数中得到想要的值，并执行对应的函数*/
{
 if(o<0||o>8)
  {
  if_break();
  }
 switch(o)
  {
   case 0:newzhd(); break;
   case 1:openzhd(); break;
   case 2:inputzhd(); break;
   case 3:searchzhd(); break;
   case 4:modifyzhd(); break;
   case 5:deletezhd(); break;
   case 6:savezhd(); break;
   case 7:quitzhd();
  }
}
main()
{
 int o;
 do{
 menu();
 scanf("%d",&o);/*得到菜但选项，传递值给其他函数*/
 sswitch(o);}while(o>=0&&o<7);
 return(0);
}