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📄 schema.htm

📁 这是一本关于XML的学习的书
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</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;ElementType name="Book"&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;description&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">This is how we describe the books we sell.  Be sure to specify</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">the ageGroup!</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;/description&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;element type="ageGroup"&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;default&gt;ADULT&lt;/default&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;/element&gt;</P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&lt;/ElementType&gt;</P>
</FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">　</P>
</FONT><B><FONT FACE="Arial">
  <LI class="normal105">group Element</LI>
</font></B>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">group</span></font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">用来按一定序列</span>，<span class="normal105">将</span></FONT><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">element</span></FONT></span><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">组织成</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">group 
    </font></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">group</span></font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">的表达形式为</font></P>
<FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;group</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"> maxOccurs="{1 | *}" </span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"> minOccurs="{0 | 1}" </span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"> order="{one | seq | many}" &gt;</span></P>
</FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P></FONT>
  <TABLE BORDER CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=7 WIDTH=611>
    <TR valign="middle"> 
      <TD WIDTH="15%" ROWSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">maxOccurs
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="35%" ROWSPAN=2> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">定义该</span></font><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">group</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">出现的最多次数</FONT></span>
      </TD>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">1
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">只能调用一次
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">*
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">可以调用任意次
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

<FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P></FONT>
  <TABLE BORDER CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=7 WIDTH=611>
    <TR valign="middle"> 
      <TD WIDTH="15%" ROWSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">minOccurs
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="35%" ROWSPAN=2> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">定义该</font><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">group</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">出现的最少次数</FONT>
      </TD>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">0
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">无要求
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">1
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">至少调用一次
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

<FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P></FONT>
  <TABLE BORDER CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=7 WIDTH=611>
    <TR valign="middle"> 
      <TD WIDTH="15%" ROWSPAN=3> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">order
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="35%" ROWSPAN=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105"><span class="normal105">定义该</span></font><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">group</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">中</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">element</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">的排列顺序</FONT></span>
      </TD>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">one
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">只允许元素内容按一种方式排列
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">seq
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">允许元素内容按指定的方式排列
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
      <TD WIDTH="8%"> <FONT SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">many
        </FONT></TD>
      <TD WIDTH="42%"> <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3> 
        <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY" class="normal105">按任意方式排列
        </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>

<FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">　</P>
</FONT><FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;ElementType name="x" order="one"&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;group order="seq"&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;element type="x1"&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;element type="y1"&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;/group&gt;</span></P>
  </FONT>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>&#9;</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">&lt;group 
    order="seq"&gt;</span></font></span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>&#9;&#9;</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">&lt;element 
    type="x2"&gt;</font></span></span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>&#9;&#9;</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">&lt;element 
    type="y2"&gt;</font></span></span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>&#9;</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">&lt;/group&gt;</font></span></span></P>
  <FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105">&lt;/ElementType&gt;</span></span></P>
  </FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">　</span></P>
</FONT><B><FONT FACE="Arial">
  <LI class="normal105">Extensibility</LI>
</font></B>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">Xml Schema</span></font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">时刻扩展的，他们建立在一个开放的内容模式上，在</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal9"><span class="normal105">Schema</span></span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">文档上可以任意的添加</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">elemtnt</FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">和</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal9"><span class="normal105">attribute</span></span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">，如下例，你可以利用其</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">extensibility</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">机制，对</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">element</span> 
    <span class="normal105">“page”</span></FONT><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">加以限制条件，由</span></FONT></span><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">namespace</span> 
    <span class="normal105">“myEXT”</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">扩展的</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">tag</span></FONT><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">，限制了书本的页数必须在</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">50</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">至</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">100</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">页之间。</font></span></span></span></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT><FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;ElementType name="pages" xmlns:myExt="urn:myschema-extensions"&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;datatype dt:type="int" /&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;myExt:min&gt;50&lt;/myExt:min&gt;</span></P>
  </FONT>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>&#9;</FONT><FONT SIZE=3>&lt;myExt:max&gt;100&lt;/myExt:max&gt;</font></span></P>
  <FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;/ElementType&gt;</span></P>
  </FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">　</span></P>
</FONT><B>
  <LI><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN">如何在</font><FONT FACE="Arial">XML</FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN">文件中引用</FONT><FONT FACE="Arial">XML 
    Schema</font></span></LI>
</B>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">要在一个</span></font><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">XML</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">文件中引用一个</FONT></span><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal9"><span class="normal105">Schema</span></span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">，只需在相应的</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">element</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">处注明，一般格式为：</font></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT><FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;”elementname” xmlns=” x-schema:[the 
    url of the schema file]” &gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">例如：</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT><B><FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;book xmlns="x-schema:http://www.microsoft.com/xml/schema/book.xml"&gt;</span></P>
  </font></B><FONT SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105">&lt;title&gt;Presenting XML&lt;/title&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105">&lt;author&gt;Richard Light&lt;/author&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> <span class="normal105">&lt;pages&gt;334&lt;/pages&gt;</span></P>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105">&lt;/book&gt;</span></P>
</FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">　</P>
</FONT><B>
  <LI><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="Arial">Schema </font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN">与</FONT><FONT FACE="Arial"> 
    DTDs</font></span></LI>
</B>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">在</font><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">Schema</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">之前，另有一种定义</span></FONT><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">XML</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">结构的方式，即</span></FONT></span><FONT SIZE=3><span class="nocolor"><span class="normal105">DTDs</span></span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">，两者的区别在于：</span></font></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">1 
    XML Schemas</span></font></span><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">是</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">XML</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">文档，而</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">DTDs</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">有自己的特殊语法，这样，你只需懂得</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">XML</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">的语法规则即可编写</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">Schema</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">，无需学习其他语法规则；</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="nocolor"><span class="normal105">xml</span></span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">文件与</span></FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">xml 
    schema</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">文件可以用相同的语法分析器来解析，而无须写两套分析器；</FONT><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105">xml 
    schema</FONT><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">有强大、易用的扩展功能。</span></font></span></span></span></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
  </FONT> 
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><span class="normal105"><span class="normal105"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">2</span></font></span></span><FONT SIZE=3 class="normal105"> 
    XML Schema</font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">利用名域将文档中特殊的节点与</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">schema</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">说明相联系，一个</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">xml</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">文件可以有多个对应的</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">schema,</span></FONT><span class="normal105"><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3><span class="normal105">而用</span></FONT></span><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">DTDs</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">的话，一个</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">xml</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">文件只能由一个相对应的</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">DTDs</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">。</font></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3>
<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>
</FONT>
  <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">3</span> <span class="normal105">XML 
    schemas</span></font><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">内容模型是开放的，可以随意扩充，而</FONT><FONT SIZE=3><span class="normal105">DTDs</span></FONT><FONT FACE="宋体" LANG="ZH-CN" SIZE=3 class="normal105">将无法解析扩充的内容。</font></P>
  <FONT FACE="宋
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