classloader.h

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//
// ClassLoader.h
//
// $Id: //poco/Main/Foundation/include/Foundation/ClassLoader.h#5 $
//
// Definition of the ClassLoader class.
//
// Copyright (c) 2004, Guenter Obiltschnig/Applied Informatics.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
//    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// 3. Redistributions in any form must be accompanied by information on
//    how to obtain complete source code for this software and any
//    accompanying software that uses this software.  The source code
//    must either be included in the distribution or be available for no
//    more than the cost of distribution plus a nominal fee, and must be
//    freely redistributable under reasonable conditions.  For an
//    executable file, complete source code means the source code for all
//    modules it contains.  It does not include source code for modules or
//    files that typically accompany the major components of the operating
//    system on which the executable file runs.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
// FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
// INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
// BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
// LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
// CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
// LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
// ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//


#ifndef Foundation_ClassLoader_INCLUDED
#define Foundation_ClassLoader_INCLUDED


#ifndef Foundation_Foundation_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/Foundation.h"
#endif
#ifndef Foundation_MetaObject_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/MetaObject.h"
#endif
#ifndef Foundation_Manifest_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/Manifest.h"
#endif
#ifndef Foundation_SharedLibrary_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/SharedLibrary.h"
#endif
#ifndef Foundation_Mutex_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/Mutex.h"
#endif
#ifndef Foundation_Exception_INCLUDED
#include "Foundation/Exception.h"
#endif
#ifndef STD_MAP_INCLUDED
#include <map>
#define STD_MAP_INCLUDED
#endif


Foundation_BEGIN


template <class Base>
class ClassLoader
	/// The ClassLoader loads C++ classes from shared libraries
	/// at runtime. It must be instantiated with a root class
	/// of the loadable classes.
	/// For a class to be loadable from a library, the library
	/// must provide a Manifest of all the classes it contains.
	/// The Manifest for a shared library can be easily built
	/// with the help of the macros in the header file
	/// "Foundation/ClassLibrary.h".
{
public:
	typedef AbstractMetaObject<Base> Meta;
	typedef Manifest<Base> Manif;
	typedef void (*InitializeLibraryFunc)();
	typedef void (*UninitializeLibraryFunc)();
	typedef bool (*BuildManifestFunc)(ManifestBase*);

	struct LibraryInfo
	{
		SharedLibrary* pLibrary;
		const Manif*   pManifest;
		int            refCount;
	};
	typedef std::map<std::string, LibraryInfo> LibraryMap;

	class Iterator
		/// The ClassLoader's very own iterator class.
	{
	public:
		typedef std::pair<std::string, const Manif*> Pair;

		Iterator(const typename LibraryMap::const_iterator& it)
		{
			_it = it;
		}
		Iterator(const Iterator& it)
		{
			_it = it._it;
		}
		~Iterator()
		{
		}
		Iterator& operator = (const Iterator& it)
		{
			_it = it._it;
			return *this;
		}
		inline bool operator == (const Iterator& it) const
		{
			return _it == it._it;
		}
		inline bool operator != (const Iterator& it) const
		{
			return _it != it._it;
		}
		Iterator& operator ++ () // prefix
		{
			++_it;
			return *this;
		}
		Iterator operator ++ (int) // postfix
		{
			Iterator result(_it);
			++_it;
			return result;
		}
		inline const Pair* operator * () const
		{
			_pair.first  = _it->first;
			_pair.second = _it->second.pManifest;
			return &_pair;
		}
		inline const Pair* operator -> () const
		{
			_pair.first  = _it->first;
			_pair.second = _it->second.pManifest;
			return &_pair;
		}

	private:
		typename LibraryMap::const_iterator _it;
		mutable Pair _pair;
	};

	ClassLoader()
		/// Creates the ClassLoader.
	{
	}

	virtual ~ClassLoader()
		/// Destroys the ClassLoader.
	{
		for (typename LibraryMap::const_iterator it = _map.begin(); it != _map.end(); ++it)
		{
			delete it->second.pLibrary;
			delete it->second.pManifest;
		}
	}

	void loadLibrary(const std::string& path)
		/// Loads a library from the given path. Does nothing
		/// if the library is already loaded.
		/// Throws a LibraryLoadException if the library
		/// cannot be loaded or does not have a Manifest.
		/// If the library exports a function named "pocoInitializeLibrary",
		/// this function is executed.
		/// If called multiple times for the same library,
		/// the number of calls to unloadLibrary() must be the same
		/// for the library to become unloaded.
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		typename LibraryMap::iterator it = _map.find(path);
		if (it == _map.end())
		{
			LibraryInfo li;
			li.pLibrary  = new SharedLibrary(path);
			li.pManifest = new Manif();
			li.refCount  = 1;
			try
			{
				if (li.pLibrary->hasSymbol("pocoInitializeLibrary"))
				{
					InitializeLibraryFunc initializeLibrary = (InitializeLibraryFunc) li.pLibrary->getSymbol("pocoInitializeLibrary");
					initializeLibrary();
				}
				if (li.pLibrary->hasSymbol("pocoBuildManifest"))
				{
					BuildManifestFunc buildManifest = (BuildManifestFunc) li.pLibrary->getSymbol("pocoBuildManifest");
					if (buildManifest(const_cast<Manif*>(li.pManifest)))
						_map[path] = li;
					else
						throw LibraryLoadException(std::string("Manifest class mismatch in ") + path);
				}
				else throw LibraryLoadException(std::string("No manifest in ") + path);
			}
			catch (...)
			{
				poco_bugcheck_msg("failed to load library");
				delete li.pLibrary;
				delete li.pManifest;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			++it->second.refCount;
		}
	}
	
	void unloadLibrary(const std::string& path)
		/// Unloads the given library. 
		/// Be extremely cautious when unloading shared libraries.
		/// If objects from the library are still referenced somewhere,
		/// a total crash is very likely.
		/// If the library exports a function named "pocoUninitializeLibrary",
		/// this function is executed before it is unloaded.
		/// If loadLibrary() has been called multiple times for the same
		/// library, the number of calls to unloadLibrary() must be the same
		/// for the library to become unloaded.
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		typename LibraryMap::iterator it = _map.find(path);
		if (it != _map.end())
		{
			if (--it->second.refCount == 0)
			{
				if (it->second.pLibrary->hasSymbol("pocoUninitializeLibrary"))
				{
					UninitializeLibraryFunc uninitializeLibrary = (UninitializeLibraryFunc) it->second.pLibrary->getSymbol("pocoUninitializeLibrary");
					uninitializeLibrary();
				}
				delete it->second.pManifest;
				it->second.pLibrary->unload();
				delete it->second.pLibrary;
				_map.erase(it);
			}
		}
		else throw NotFoundException(path);
	}

	const Meta* findClass(const std::string& className) const
		/// Returns a pointer to the MetaObject for the given
		/// class, or a null pointer if the class is not known.
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		for (typename LibraryMap::const_iterator it = _map.begin(); it != _map.end(); ++it)
		{
			const Manif* pManif = it->second.pManifest;
			typename Manif::Iterator itm = pManif->find(className);
			if (itm != pManif->end())
				return *itm;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	
	const Meta& classFor(const std::string& className) const
		/// Returns a reference to the MetaObject for the given
		/// class. Throws a NotFoundException if the class
		/// is not known.
	{
		const Meta* pMeta = findClass(className);
		if (pMeta)
			return *pMeta;
		else
			throw NotFoundException(className);
	}
	
	const Manif* findManifest(const std::string& path) const
		/// Returns a pointer to the Manifest for the given
		/// library, or a null pointer if the library has not been loaded.
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		typename LibraryMap::const_iterator it = _map.find(path);
		if (it != _map.end())
			return it->second.pManifest;
		else
			return 0;
	}
	
	const Manif& manifestFor(const std::string& path) const
		/// Returns a reference to the Manifest for the given library
		/// Throws a NotFoundException if the library has not been loaded.
	{
		const Manif* pManif = findManifest(path);
		if (pManif)
			return *pManif;
		else
			throw NotFoundException(path);
	}

	Iterator begin() const
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		return Iterator(_map.begin());
	}

	Iterator end() const
	{
		FastMutex::ScopedLock lock(_mutex);

		return Iterator(_map.end());
	}

private:
	LibraryMap _map;
	mutable FastMutex _mutex;
};


Foundation_END


#endif // Foundation_ClassLoader_INCLUDED