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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"><!-- saved from url=(0056)http://data.km169.net/wsxx/showjq.asp?id=1396&type=LINUX --><html><head><title>New Page 1</title><meta content="text/html; charset=gb2312" http-equiv="Content-Type"><meta content="Microsoft FrontPage 3.0" name="GENERATOR"><meta content="FrontPage.Editor.Document" name="ProgId"><!--webbot bot="HTMLMarkup" startspan TAG="XBOT" --></SCRIPT><!--webbot bot="HTMLMarkup" endspan--><style>A:link { COLOR: #4444ff; TEXT-DECORATION: underline}A:visited { COLOR: #4444ff; TEXT-DECORATION: underline}A:active { TEXT-DECORATION: none}A:hover { COLOR: #ff0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none}BODY { COLOR: #505050; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 9pt}TD { FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 9pt}TD.a { FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 9pt}TD.b { FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; font-color: #ff0000}.other1 { FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 18px}.other2 { FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt}</style></head><body bgColor="#FFFFFF" leftMargin="7" topMargin="7"><hr SIZE="0"><p><b><font color="#fe3a42">标题: ■ </font><font color="#9b004e"> </font>PPP HOWTO 中译版: 使你的连结自动化 - 创造连结指令稿</b><br>姓名 :Robert Hart<br>Email:hartr@interweft.com.au<br>地址 :<br>转摘 :http://member.netease.com/</p><p align="center"><a href="linux.htm">返回</a></p><hr SIZE="0"><p>15. 使你的连结自动化 - 创造连结指令稿 <br>一旦你可以用上述的方法用手动方式签入,更好的做法是建立一些指令稿来自动为你进行这些工作. <br><br>一份 chat 指令稿可以自动化签入以及起动 PPP 的程序,因此所有你得做的(以 root 或是 ppp 群组组员的身分)只是发出单一个指令来起动你的连线. <br><br>15.1. 以使用者名称/密码认证的指令稿 <br>如果你的 ISP 并不要求使用 PAP/CHAP 的话,这些就是为你准备的! <br><br>如果 ppp 套件安装正确,你应该会有两个□例档案.在 PPP 2.1.2 中是在 /usr/sbin 而在 PPP 2.2 里是在 /etc/ppp/scripts.这些是 <br><br>在 PPP-2.1.2 <br><br><br>ppp-on <br>ppp-off <br><br><br>而在 PPP-2.2 <br><br><br>ppp-off <br>ppp-on <br>ppp-on-dialer <br><br><br>现在,如果你正在使用 PPP 2.1.2,我强烈建议你删除这些□例档案.它们有潜在的问题 - 不要告诉我它们工作得很好 - 我也用了很长一段时间(而且还在这份 HOWTO 的第一版中推荐它们)! <br><br>为了 ppp 2.1.2 使用者的权益,这里有比较好的样板档案,这些是从 ppp 2.2 发行套件里拿来的.我建议你拷贝并使用这些指令稿而不要再用旧的 PPP-2.1.2 指令稿. <br><br>15.2. ppp-on 指令稿 <br>这是实际启动连线的一对指令稿中的第一个. <br><br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>#!/bin/sh <br># <br># Script to initiate a PPP connection. This is the first part of the <br># pair of scripts. This is not a secure pair of scripts as the codes <br># are visible with the 'ps' command. However, it is simple. <br># <br># These are the parameters. Change as needed. <br>TELEPHONE=555-1212 # The telephone number for the connection <br>ACCOUNT=george # The account name for logon (as in 'George Burns') <br>PASSWORD=gracie # The password for this account (and 'Gracie Allen') <br>LOCAL_IP=0.0.0.0 # Local IP address if known. Dynamic = 0.0.0.0 <br>REMOTE_IP=0.0.0.0 # Remote IP address if desired. Normally 0.0.0.0 <br>NETMASK=255.255.255.0 # The proper netmask if needed <br># <br># Export them so that they will be available to 'ppp-on-dialer' <br>export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD <br># <br># This is the location of the script which dials the phone and logs <br># in. Please use the absolute file name as the $PATH variable is not <br># used on the connect option. (To do so on a 'root' account would be <br># a security hole so don't ask.) <br># <br>DIALER_SCRIPT=/etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer <br># <br># Initiate the connection <br># <br># <br>exec /usr/sbin/pppd debug /dev/ttySx 38400 \ <br>$LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \ <br>connect $DIALER_SCRIPT <br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br><br>而这是 ppp-on-dialer 指令稿:- <br><br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>#!/bin/sh <br># <br># This is part 2 of the ppp-on script. It will perform the connection <br># protocol for the desired connection. <br># <br>/usr/sbin/chat -v \ <br>TIMEOUT 3 \ <br>ABORT '\nBUSY\r' \ <br>ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r' \ <br>ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r' \ <br>'' \rAT \ <br>'OK-+++\c-OK' ATH0 \ <br>TIMEOUT 30 \ <br>OK ATDT$TELEPHONE \ <br>CONNECT '' \ <br>ogin:--ogin: $ACCOUNT \ <br>assword: $PASSWORD <br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br><br>在 PPP-2.2 中,ppp-off 指令稿看起来像:- <br><br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>#!/bin/sh <br>###################################################################### <br># <br># Determine the device to be terminated. <br># <br>if [ "$1" = "" ]; then <br>DEVICE=ppp0 <br>else <br>DEVICE=$1 <br>fi <br><br>###################################################################### <br># <br># If the ppp0 pid file is present then the program is running. Stop it. <br>if [ -r /var/run/$DEVICE.pid ]; then <br>kill -INT `cat /var/run/$DEVICE.pid` <br># <br># If the kill did not work then there is no process running for this <br># pid. It may also mean that the lock file will be left. You may wish <br># to delete the lock file at the same time. <br>if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]; then <br>rm -f /var/run/$DEVICE.pid <br>echo "ERROR: Removed stale pid file" <br>exit 1 <br>fi <br># <br># Success. Let pppd clean up its own junk. <br>echo "PPP link to $DEVICE terminated." <br>exit 0 <br>fi <br># <br># The ppp process is not running for ppp0 <br>echo "ERROR: PPP link is not active on $DEVICE" <br>exit 1 <br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br><br>15.3. 编辑这里所提供的起始指令稿 <br>因为这份新的指令稿分成两部份,我们分别编辑它们. <br><br>15.3.1. ppp-on 指令稿 <br>你将得编辑这个指令稿以反映你在 ISP 的使用者名称,你在 ISP 的密码,你 ISP 的电话号码. <br><br>每一行像是 TELEPHONE= 实际上设定了这个变数包含在等号右边的资讯 (当然不包括注解部份).因此编辑每一行使它对你的 ISP 与连线是正确的. <br><br>而且,如果你(需要)在 /etc/ppp/options 档案里设定了 IP 号码,删除这行 <br><br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>$LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \ <br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br><br>还有,确定变数 DIALER_SCRIPT 指向你将要使用的拨号指令稿的全部路径名称.因此,如果你移动或改变这个指令稿的名称,确定你正确地改变 ppp-on 指令稿里的这一行. <br><br>15.3.2. ppp-on-dialer 指令稿 <br>这是第二个指令稿实际建立起我们的 PPP 连结. <br><br>注意: 一份 chat 指令稿一般全都放在同一行里.倒斜线是用来让一行可以跨过数行的实体行(便於人们阅读)而并不是指令稿本身组成的一部份. <br><br>然而,仔细地看看它的细节部份以便让我们了解它实际(假设的)要做什麽是非常有用的! <br><br>15.4. 一份 chat 指令稿其中的含意... <br>一份 chat 指令稿是一系列``期待字串'' ``送出字串''的配对.特别是,注意到我们总是在送出某些讯息之前先期待某些讯息出现. <br><br>如果我们在没有先接收到任何讯息的情况下要送出某些讯息的话,我们必须使用空的期待字串(藉由 ``'' 指明)而在没有送出任何讯息的情况下要期待某些讯息作法也类似! 而且,如果字串包含好几个字(例如 NO CARRIER),你必须把字串用引号括住,这样 chat 会把字串当作是单一个项目. <br><br>在我们样板里的 chat 指令行是: <br><br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br>exec /usr/sbin/chat -v <br><br><br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br><br><br>起动 chat ,-v 告诉 chat 将其所有的输出/入拷贝到系统记录里(通常是 /var/log/messages).一旦你觉得 chat 指令稿的运作稳定而可靠,编辑这一行把 -v
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