交通灯控制器电路（2）.ewb

EWB经典实用列子

Electronics Workbench Circuit File
Version: 5
Charset: ANSI
Description: 
"班级：自2 K51班    姓名：王亚伶    学号：2000031104" 
"8.4   交通灯控制器的EWB仿真" 
"    通过前面几节的阐述，大家对EWB软件中的元件及仪器的应用有了一定的概念，所以这一节选了综合性较强的电路--交通灯控制器的仿真设计。其要求如下：" 
"    设计一个主要街道和次要街道十字路口的交通灯控制器。当主要街道绿灯亮6秒时，次要街道的红灯亮；接着主要街道黄灯亮2秒，次要街道的黄灯仍然亮；紧接着次要街道的绿灯亮3秒，这时主要街道红灯亮；然后次要街道的黄灯亮1秒，主要街道红灯依然亮；最后主要街道绿灯亮，次要街道变红灯，依此顺序循环控制。" 
"8.4.1 交通灯设计器的控制原理" 
"    根据以上要求可知主要街道从绿灯亮到下一次绿灯亮共需12秒，由上述要求可列出这六个灯的真值表，如表8-2所示，其中MG、MY、MR、CG、CY、CR分别表示主要街道的绿灯、黄灯、红灯，次要街道的绿灯、黄灯、红灯。与8.1节相同，各灯的函数表达式可由EWB的逻辑转换仪得到。因为一次循环需要12秒，所以输入端可应用74LS163芯片来完成时间上的控制。其管角和功能表基本上与8.1节的74LS160一样，只是它是二进制记数器，，时钟为下跳边触发。首先，12秒一循环相当是一个模12记数，因此应将Qd、Qb和Qa通过一与非门接到芯片的CR清零端；其次，CP时钟端应输入1Hz的脉冲信号（这一元件可在电源元件库中找到，点中该元件后按鼠标右键，在属性一栏中修改它的输出频率为1Hz）；最后，根据下面所得的函数表达式完成电路设计。" 
"表8-2    交通灯控制器真值表" 
"Qd Qc Qb Qa	MG	MY	MR	CG	CY	CR" 
"0  0  0  0  	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  0  0  1	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  0  1  0	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  0  1  1	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  1  0  0	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  1  0  1	1	0	0	0	0	1" 
"0  1  1  0	0	1	0	0	0	1" 
"0  1  1  1	0	1	0	0	0	1" 
"1  0  0  0	0	0	1	1	0	0" 
"1  0  0  1	0	0	1	1	0	0" 
"1  0  1  0	0	0	1	1	0	0" 
"1  0  1  1	0	0	1	0	1	0" 
"1  1  0  0	x	x	x	x	x	X" 
"1  1  0  1	X	x	x	x	x	x" 
"1  1  1  0	x	x	x	x	x	X" 
"1  1  1  1	X	x	x	x	x	x" 
"" 

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