faq

早期freebsd实现

Archive-name: mh-faq
Last-modified: $Date: 1993/03/20 16:13:34 $
Version: $Revision: 93.3 $

  This is a living list of frequently asked questions on the mailer
  user interface, Mail Handler, or MH.  The point of this is to
  circulate existing information, and avoid rehashing old answers.
  Better to build on top than start again.  Please read this document
  before ever posting to this newsgroup.

  This article is posted monthly.  If it has already expired and
  you're not reading this, you can hope that you saved the last bit of
  question 3 so that you can get a copy yourself.

  Please do not post an answer when someone posts a frequently asked
  question, as I will always e-mail a reply.  This ensures that
  everybody gets their question answered fully and eliminates
  unnecessary traffic in this newsgroup.

  Your comments, additions and fixes to this list are welcome: please
  send them to Bill Wohler <[e-mail]>.

  
Subject: Table of Contents
From: Preface

Legend: + new, - deleted, ! changed

Introductory

 1.  Why should I use MH?
 2.  What is the current version/status of MH?
 3.  Where can I get MH?
 4.  What references exist for MH?
!5.  What other MH software is available?
 6.  How can I print a MH manual?
 7.  How should I report bugs?
 8.  How can I convert from my mailer to MH?

Building MH

 10. What machines does MH run on?
 11. How do I build MH?
 12. What options should I use?
 13. Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [BHST] no servers available"
 14. Where can I get POP3?
 15. What do I do if scan shows the wrong date?
 16. Why slocal writes messages to system maildrop that from(1) can't read.
 17. Why does repl add a "Re:" to a message that already has one?
 18. Does MH support IMAP2 (RFC 1064)?
 19. Why does "mailgroup mail" only affect inc and not slocal?

Using MH

 30. Where can I read about slocal and the format of the .maildelivery file?
 31. How do I include messages in repl with or without ">"?
 32. How can I eliminate duplicate copies of letters to myself?
 33. How would one go about reading usenet with MH?
 34. Can I append MH messages (ie. +inbox/1) to a UNIX mailbox format file?
 35. How can I include my signature?
 36. What to do with "Problems with edit - draft removed".
 37. How do I call my editor with arguments?
!38. How do I debug my .maildelivery file?  
 39. How can I digestify the messages in a folder for mail to another user?
 40. Can I run my message through a program (ie. ispell) before sending?  
 41. Can I append MH messages to a GNU Emacs rmail BABYL-format file?
 42. Is there documentation for mh-e?
 43. How can I change my return address?
 44. How can I change my From header?
 45. What to do with "bad address 'xxx' - no at-sign after local-part".
+46. How can I search through multiple folders?
+47. Why isn't slocal working?
+48. Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [RPLY] 503 Sender
     already specified" 

Xmh

 50. How can I get xmh to use Emacs as the editor?
 51. Does xmh support subfolders?
 52. How do I precede included messages with ">" when replying in xmh?

Appendix

 Glossary, Acknowledgements, Warranty
 Switching xmh's editor
 babyl2mh.pl
 inco

  
Subject: Viewing This Article
From: Preface

  To skip to a particular question numbered xx, use "/^F.*xx" with most
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  followed by ESC to end the search.  "-xx" is often sufficient.

  To skip to new or changed questions, use "/^S.*[!+]" with most pagers and
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  This article is in digest format.  Nn may have already broken this
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  This article is treated as an outline when edited by GNU Emacs.
  Run "M-x describe-mode" to see available outline-mode commands.
  Useful commands are "C-c C-s" (show-subtree) and "M-x show-all"

  Numbers in square brackets denote the month and year of the last
  update.

  
Subject: Why should I use MH?
From: Intro-1

  The MH message handling system is a set of electronic mail programs
  in the public domain.  If your computer runs UNIX, it can probably
  run MH.

  The big difference between MH and most other "mail user agents" is
  that you can use MH from a UNIX shell prompt.  In MH, each command
  is a separate program, and the shell is used as an interpreter.  So,
  all the power of UNIX shells (pipes, redirection, history, aliases,
  and so on) works with MH--you don't have to learn a new interface.
  Other mail agents have their own command interpreter for their
  individual mail commands (although the mush mail agent simulates a
  UNIX shell).

  Because MH commands aren't part of a monolithic mail system, you can
  use them at any time; you don't have to start or quit the mail
  agent.  Because you use them from a shell prompt, you can use all
  the power of the shell.

  If your shell has time-saving aliases or functions (and most do),
  you'll be able to use them with MH, of course.  And because MH isn't
  a monolithic mail agent, you can use MH commands in UNIX shell
  scripts, or call them from programs in high-level languages like C.

  Unlike most mail agents, MH keeps each message in a separate file.
  The filename is the message number.  To rearrange the messages, MH
  just changes the filenames.  MH can use standard UNIX filesystem
  operations such as removing, copying and linking messages.  The
  message files are grouped into one or more folders, which are
  actually UNIX directories.

  MH is free, powerful, flexible--and the basics are easy to learn.
  --Jerry Peek <[e-mail]>

  
Subject: What is the current version/status of MH.
From: Intro-2

  The current version of MH is 6.8.

  This version includes MIME, a multi-media MH package that implements
  the new IETF work on Multi-media 822 (MIME).  This allows you to
  include things like audio, graphics, and the like, in your mail
  messages.  --Marshall Rose <[e-mail]>

  MH now works with Kerberos as well.
  
  In addition, a new program called mhparam extracts arguments from
  .mh_profile which is useful in shellscripts. 

  Please see the file CHANGES in the distribution for more details. [1.93]

  
Subject: Where can I get MH?
From: Intro-3

  MH comes standard with:

	Control Data Corp. CDC4680-MP . . . EMH Version 1.4.2 (modified MH)
	DEC Ultrix 3.1  . . . . . . . . . . MH Version 6.5
	DEC Ultrix 4.2A . . . . . . . . . . MH Version 6.7.1
	Evans and Sutherland ES/OS 2.3  . . MH Version 6.6
	IBM PS/2 AIX 1.2.x  . . . . . . . . MH Version 6.4
	IBM RISC System/6000 AIX 3.x  . . . MH Version 6.6
	MIPS RISC/OS 4.52 . . . . . . . . . MH Version 6.6
	Tektronix UTek  . . . . . . . . . . MH (version unknown)
	Table maintained by James R. Hamilton <[e-mail]> [9.92].

  via anonymous ftp:						[1.93]
    FTP Site:		IP Address:	Path/File Name:		Size:
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    ftp.ics.uci.edu	[128.195.1.1]	mh/mh-6.8.tar.Z		1.8MB
    louie.udel.edu	[128.175.1.3]	portal/mh-6.8.tar.Z	1.8MB
    ftp.uu.net		[192.48.96.9]	mail/mh/tar/mh-6.8.tar.Z-split/	256K*7
					README, part01, ..., part08

    Or use archie to find a site near you. [12.92]

  via uucp:
    The following shell script is one example of how to queue jobs for
    downloading the files from UUNET via UUCP:

	#!/bin/sh
	SRC=uunet!~/mail/mh/tar/mh-6.8.tar.Z-split
	DST=/usr/spool/uucppublic/mh
	uucp -d -r $SRC/README $DST/README
	for f in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
	do
		uucp -d -r $SRC/part0$f $DST/part0$f
	done

    UUNET subscribers would then call us normally using uucico.  Others
    can use UUNET's 900 number to access UUNET via anonymous uucp.  The
    number is 1-900-468-7727.  The login name is "uucp" and there is no
    password.  The following is a sample Systems/L.sys entry:
    
	uunet Any ACU 19200 19004687727 "" \d\r ogin:-\r-ogin: uucp
    
    The modems on the 900 lines are Telebit WorldBlazers.  These modems
    negotiate V.32bis, V.32, 2400, 1200, and last with (Turbo)PEP tones.
    The cost is 50 cents per minute (as of Jan 93) which will appear on
    your next phone bill.  For more information about the 900 service,
    retrieve uunet!~/help or send e-mail to [e-mail]
    (uunet!postmaster).  -- Eric Ziegast <[e-mail]>

  via mail:
    Send a note to either [e-mail] or
    [e-mail] with a body containing the following:

      send mail/mh/mh-6.8.tar.Z

    UK users may be able to use [e-mail].  Send a note
    whose body contains "help" to this address. [12.92]

    Send a note to [e-mail] whose body contains "help"
    on a line by itself get information on getting ftp sources by
    mail.  Also include the lines "connect" and "dir /pub/mail/ua/mh"
    to see which files are available local to decwrl.  Please do this
    as a last resort only.  [1.93]

  via U.S. mail:
    You can send $75 US to the address below.  This covers
    the cost of a 6250 BPI 9-track magtape, handling, and ship-
    ping.  In addition, you'll get a laser-printed hard-copy of
    the entire MH documentation set.  Be sure to include your
    USPS address with your check.  Checks must be drawn on U.S.
    funds and should be made payable to:

	   Regents of the University of California

    The distribution address is:

	   Univeristy of California at Irvine
	   Office of Academic Computing
	   360 Computer Science
	   Irvine, CA  92717  USA

	   [phone]

    Sadly, if you just want the hard-copies of the documenta-
    tion, you still have to pay the $75.  The tar image has the
    documentation source (the manual is in roff format, but the
    rest are in TeX format).  Postscript formatted versions of
    the TeX papers are available, as are crude tty-conversions
    of those papers.  [1.93]

  
Subject: What references exist for MH?
From: Intro-4

  Book:
    MH & xmh: E-mail for Users & Programmers.  Second edition. Jerry Peek.
    ISBN 1-56592-027-9.  $29.95.  728 pages.
    O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
    Book Orders:
      US and Canada: 800-998-9938. Fax: [phone].

    References to "the MH book" in this document refer to the second
    edition of this book (section numbers for the first edition appear
    in parenthesis).

    To get a list of non-US distributors, send a note to
    [e-mail] or call [phone].

    Examples from this book are in:  
    ftp.uu.net		[137.39.1.9]
	published/oreilly/nutshell/MHxmh/MHxmh2.tar.Z		54KB

    There is another book that contains a number of examples of
    advanced mail handing using MH as the example message handler.
    It's also quite a good reference on e-mail in general.  [12.92]

    The Internet Message.  Marshall T. Rose
    ISBN 0-13-092941-7.  396 pages.
    P T R Prentice Hall

  Usenet:
    comp.mail.mh (gatewayed to MH-users)

  Mailing lists:
     General questions/discussion: [e-mail]
     (gatewayed to comp.mail.mh).
     MH developers and maintainers: [e-mail].
     Please use MH-users-request and MH-workers-request to request
     an addition or deletion.

  MH-users archives:
    ftp.ics.uci.edu	[128.195.1.1]	mh/mh-users/*

    The files are in packf(1) format, compressed with compress(1).  To
    get them, use anonymous ftp and set "binary" transfer mode.
                    
      mh-users.86.Z	   8549		mh-users.86.scan.Z	  771
      mh-users.87.Z	  55449		mh-users.87.scan.Z	 3679
      mh-users.88.Z	 182805		mh-users.88.scan.Z	11339
      mh-users.89.Z	  89151		mh-users.89.scan.Z	 5522
      mh-users.90.Z	 402470		mh-users.90.scan.Z	21551
      mh-users.91.Z	 878763		mh-users.91.scan.Z	36992
      mh-users.92.Z	1281585		mh-users.92.scan.Z	44975
      mh-users.mbox: current archive, uncompressed.

    There are directions in the README file.  Basically, you can use
    either "msh" or the individual commands "inc -file" to get the
    messages into a folder, and then "scan", "pick", "show", and so on
    (or your favorite commands in xmh, mh-e, etc.).  --Jerry Peek
    <[e-mail]>

  This document:
    via anonymous ftp:
      pit-manager.mit.edu  [18.172.1.27]      /pub/usenet/news.answers/mh-faq.Z
      ftp.uu.net 	   [137.39.1.9]   /archive/usenet/news.answers/mh-faq.Z
      ftp.cs.ruu.nl	   [131.211.80.17]    /pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/mh-faq

    via mail:
      Each of the following addresses is following by commands which
      should be included as the body of the message.
      
      [e-mail]
        send usenet/comp.mail.mh/mh-faq

      [e-mail]
	send pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/mh-faq
	
  
Subject: ! What other MH software is available?
From: Intro-5

  vmh 
    Vmh is designed for people using the bulletin-board features
    of MH, where mail is stored in packed (single-file) folders.  As
    a result, use of this program cannot be mixed with the use of
    normal MH commands.  Vmh is a part of the official MH
    distribution.  --James Perkins <[e-mail]> [1.93]

  xmh
    Xmh is a X11 mouse-based MH browsing tool.  It is very powerful
    and feature-filled and thus comes with a moderate learning
    curve.  Its dependence on the X11 environment makes it very
    reconfigurable, but only by people well-versed in X applications
    programming.  Its message reply built-in-editor interface is not
    always popular among those used to having MH bring up the editor
    of their choice.  --James Perkins <[e-mail]>

    xmh is part of the standard X Window System distribution from
    MIT.  Ultrix also ships dxmail which is similar.

    cs.utk.edu 	[128.169.201.1]	pub/xmh.shar.Z		161KB

    Here's a version of xmh that includes MIME.  --Harald Tveit
    Alvestrand <[e-mail]> [1.93]

    aun.uninett.no		pub/unix/mixmh-0.2.tar.Z

  olmh
    Sun's Open Windows 3 comes with a demo for OLIT (Open Look
    Interface Toolkit, the Open Look wrapper to Xt) named olmh that
    does handle 3rd and subsequent levels of nesting of folders.
    --Dale Carstensen <[e-mail]>

    Obtain the Open Windows 3 distribution CD/ROM from Sun (SPARC
    only).  To do this, call 1-800-USA-4SUN and send tone "2" for
    telemarketing after it answers.  The 4.1.2 CD/ROM may also have
    Open Windows 3.  The list price for the 4.1.2 CD/ROM is $200.

  mh-e
    Mh-e is the GNU Emacs front end for MH.  It offers all the
    functionality of MH, the visual orientation and simplicity of
    use of xmh, and full integration with Emacs, including thorough
    configurability.  The command set is similar to that of rmail
    (the Emacs front end for BSD mail) and BSD mail itself.  On-line
    help is available.

    Mh-e allows one to read and process mail very quickly: commands
    are single characters and completion and defaults are available
    for file and folder names.  During a reply, the original message
    is displayed simultaneously in another window for easy reference
    where a mh-e command can quickly incorporate and format this
    text into your reply.

    With mh-e you compose outgoing messages in Emacs.  This is a big
    plus for Emacs users, but it has been known for non-Emacs users
    to be able use mh-e after only learning the most basic cursor
    motion commands.  Mh-e is easily configured via the Emacs
    edit-options menu, and people familiar with Emacs Lisp will be
    able to further reconfigure mh-e beyond recognition.  --Stephen
    Gildea <[e-mail]>

    Mh-e is part of the standard GNU Emacs distribution.  Note
    that mh-e got much faster in Emacs 18.56.

    primost.cs.wisc.edu [128.105.2.115] pub/mh-e.el.Z		36KB

    mime-compose.el allows one to easily include MIME components into
    a mh-e message.  --Marc Andreessen <[e-mail]>  [1.93]

    archive.cis.ohio-state.edu
      pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/mime-compose.el.Z	19KB

  vmail 
    Vmail is a curses-based, vi-like message browser which calls on
    MH programs to manipulate mail.  It can be used on almost any
    terminal.  It organizes mail folders into index pages, from
    which a message can be selected to be shown, replied-to,
    forwarded, refiled, deleted, and so on.  The vi-like interface
    and command keystrokes are comfortable to less-experienced UNIX
    users, and it is a small, compact program, unlike the mh-e Emacs
    package.

    This version of vmail has been bugfixed and enhanced from the
    original vmail published on the net in 1987 by J. Zobel.
    --James Perkins <[e-mail]> [1.93]