trn.1

早期freebsd实现

The environment variable SHELL will be used if defined.
If
.I command
is null, an interactive shell is started.
.Ip v 8
Print the current version number and information on where to send bug
reports.
.Ip q 8
Quit.
.Ip x 8
Quit, restoring .newsrc to its state at startup of
.IR trn .
The .newsrc you would have had if you had exited with \*(L'q\*(R' will be
called .newnewsrc, in case you didn't really want to type \*(L'x\*(R'.
.Ip ^K 8
Edit the global list of memorized commands (in the global KILL file) that
you wish to be performed in every newsgroup as it is started up (that is, when
it is selected at the newsgroup-selection level).
This file contains commands (one per line) such as /subject/:j or /author/f:+
to kill or select articles based on the indicated search criteria.
There is also a local list of commands for each newsgroup that can contain
kill/selection commands tailored for each specific group.
Because of the overhead involved in searching for articles to kill, it is
better if possible to use a local list rather than the global one.
Local memorized commands are usually maintained by using the \*(L'A\*(R'
or \*(L'T\*(R' commands from the article/pager level or in the selector.
There is also a K search modifier that appends any search command you
desire to add.
It is also possible to manually edit the file with the \*(L'^K\*(R'
command from anywhere inside a newsgroup.
If either of the environment variables VISUAL or EDITOR is set, the
specified editor will be invoked; otherwise a default editor
is invoked on the KILL file.
.Sh "The Selector"
Most people who don't have all day to read news will want to enter a newsgroup
by way of the selector.
This is accomplished by using the \*(L'+\*(R'
command at the newsgroup-selection or article/pager levels.
In fact, this may be the default command for entering a newsgroup, depending
on how your version of
.I trn
was configured and your use of the
.B \-X
option.
.PP
The selector displays a list of articles by their subjects and (usually)
authors.
The articles are grouped into threads by default (which may list multiple
subjects per selectable item if the subject has changed during the discussion)
and ordered by the date of their oldest unread article.
Thread or subject groups are also shown with a count of the number of
articles in each group.
Each selectable item is preceded by a letter or number that can be typed
to toggle its selection.
Items that are selected are flagged with a \*(L'+\*(R' after their letter.
Groups that have only some of their articles selected are flagged with
a \*(L'*\*(R'.
You can change the selector's mode (to pick each subject separately or
pick individual articles), order the list by a variety of sort
criteria, and switch the author display between its long, medium and short
styles using the commands detailed below.
.PP
The following commands are available in the selector:
.Ip "a-z,0-9,A-Z" 8
Select/deselect the indicated item by its letter or number.
There are quite a few letters omitted from the alpha characters to be
typed as commands \*(-- see below.
Also, the variable SELECTCHARS is available to customize which characters
you want to be used as selection letters, overriding their command function.
.Ip SP 8
Perform the default command.
This is usually > for most pages, and Z on the last page (although D and X
are also quite popular).
.Ip CR 8
Begin reading.
If no articles are selected, the current item is selected (unless you've
marked it as killed).
.Ip "Z,TAB" 8
Begin reading.
If no articles are selected, read all unread articles.
.Ip "\*(L'.\*(R'" 8
Toggle the current item's selection (the one under the cursor).
.Ip * 8
Same as \*(L'.\*(R' except that it affects all articles with the same
subject (useful in the article selector).
.Ip # 8
Make an overriding selection that reads the current item only,
temporarily ignoring all other selections.
.Ip "k, \*(L',\*(R'" 8
Mark the current item as killed.
.Ip "m, \e" 8
Unmark the current item.
.Ip \- 8
Set a range, as in a \- k.
Repeats the last marking action: selection, deselection, killing,
or unmarking.
.Ip @ 8
Toggle all visible selections.
.Ip M 8
Mark the current item's article(s) to return on newsgroup exit
and kill the item.
.Ip Y 8
Yank back and select the marked-to-return articles, clearing their
to-return status.
.Ip E 8
Exclude all unselected items from the selection list (narrow the display).
Press it again to pick from all available items.
.Ip "n, ]" 8
Move down to the next item (try the down-arrow keypad key also).
.Ip "p, [" 8
Move up to the previous item (try the up-arrow keypad key also).
.Ip < 8
Go to previous page (try the left-arrow keypad key also).
.Ip > 8
Go to next page (try the right-arrow keypad key also).
.Ip ^ 8
Go to the first page.
.Ip $ 8
Go to the last page.
.Ip S 8
Set the items the selector displays: threads, subjects or articles.
If the group is unthreaded setting this to threads will thread the
group.
.Ip = 8
Switch between the article selector and the subject/thread selector.
.Ip O 8
Pick the order for the items: date, subject, author, item count
(for thread/subject groups), and a subject-date grouping of
individual articles.
Typing the selection in lower-case will sort the articles in the
default direction, while using upper-case will reverse the sort.
There is a separate default sort order for the subject/thread selector
and the article selector.
See the
.B \-O
option to set your favorite selector mode and sort order as the default.
.Ip R 8
Reverse the current sort order.
.Ip L 8
Switch the selector's display between the long, medium and short
display styles.
See the
.B \-x
option to set your favorite style as the default.
.Ip U 8
Switch between selecting unread/read articles.
.Ip X 8
Mark all unselected articles as read and start reading.
.Ip D 8
Mark unselected articles on the current page as read and
begin reading if articles are selected, otherwise go to the next page.
.Ip J 8
Mark all selected articles as read (useful after performing some action
on them with the \*(L':\*(R' command).
.Ip c 8
Catch up \*(-- marks ALL articles as read without affecting their cross-posted
counterparts.
.Ip A 8
Add a subject-search command to the memorized list (a.\|k.\|a. a KILL file)
for this group.
You are prompted to choose selection (+), junking (j),
selection including all replies (.) or junking including all replies (,).
If the thread has more than one subject the first subject is the one
chosen for the memorized command.
.Ip T 8
Add a thread-oriented command to the memorized list for this group.
You are prompted to choose selecting the thread (+), junking the
thread (j), or clearing the auto-selection/junking for the thread (c).
(Note: there are three other options (\*(L'.\*(R', \*(L',\*(R',
and \*(L'C\*(R') on the
article-reading level \*(-- look there for an explanation of their use.)
.Ip ^K 8
Edit the local list of memorized commands (a.\|k.\|a. a KILL file) for this
newsgroup.
A detailed description of memorized commands is found in the Article Selection
section.
.Ip ":command" 8
Apply a command to all selected articles.
If nothing is selected, apply the command to all the unread articles.
.Sp
Applicable commands include \*(L'+\*(R'/\*(L'-\*(R' (select/deselect
an article), \*(L"++\*(R"/\*(L"--\*(R" (select/deselect a thread),
\&\*(L"T+\*(R" (auto-select the entire thread), \*(L"Tj\*(R"
(auto-junk the entire thread), \*(L't\*(R'
(display article tree), \*(L"s dest\*(R" (save article to a destination),
\*(L"e dir\*(R" (extract to directory), \*(L'E\*(R' (end partial uudecode),
as well as: S, |, w, W, m, M, j, = and \*(L',\*(R'.
.Ip "/pattern" 8
Scan all articles for a subject containing
.I pattern
and select it.
.Ip "/pattern/modifiers:command{:command}" 8
Apply the commands listed to articles matching the search command (possibly
with h, a, r, or K modifiers).
The default action, if no command is specified, is to select the article's
item in the selector (e.\|g. the entire thread (\*(L"++\*(R") in the thread
selector).
See the section on Regular Expressions and the description of pattern
searching in the Article Selection section.
.Sp
One example: to scan all the unread articles looking for \*(L"topic\*(R"
anywhere in the article and then select its group and save the articles to
the files topic.1, topic.2, etc. use \*(L"/topic/a:++:s topic.%#\*(R".
.Ip N 8
Go to the next newsgroup with unread news.
.Ip P 8
Go to the previous newsgroup with unread news.
.Ip & 8
Display or set the current status of command-line switches.
.Ip && 8
Display or set the current macro definitions.
.Ip !command 8
Escape to a subshell.
.Ip q 8
Quit this group.
.Ip "ESC,+" 8
Quit the selector to the article level.
Note: ESC won't work if trn has mapped your arrow keys with default macros
and the first character that your arrow keys send is an ESC.
.Ip Q 8
Quit the current newsgroup and return to the newsgroup-selection prompt
for this group.
.Sh "Article-Reading Level"
On the article-reading level,
.I trn
displays unread articles in thread sequence (reading each article and its
replies before going on to another topic) unless threads are disabled for
a particular group, in which case the default order is the order they
arrived at your site (numeric sequence).
In either case if you use the subject-search command (^N) you will switch
to reading the articles in date order within each matching subject.
(Making selections in the subject selector or using the
.B \-S
switch will automatically turn subject search mode on in an unthreaded group.)
.Sp
On the article-reading level you are
.I not
asked whether you want to read an article before the article is displayed;
rather,
.I trn
simply displays the first page (or portion of a page, at low baud rates) of an
article and asks if you want to continue.
The normal article-reading prompt comes at the END of an article
(although article-reading commands can also be given from within the middle
of an article in addition to the pager level commands).
The prompt at the end of an article looks like this:
.Sp 
End of article 248 (of 257) \*(-- what next? [npq]
.Sp
The following are the options at this point:
.Ip n,SP 8
Scan forward for next unread article.
(Note: the \*(L'n\*(R' (next) command when typed at the end of an article
does not mark the article as read, since an article is automatically marked
as read after the last line of it is printed.
It is therefore possible to type a sequence such as \*(L'mn\*(R' and leave
the article marked as unread.
The fact that an article is marked as read by typing n, N, ^N, e, s, S, |,
w, or W within the MIDDLE of the article is in fact a special case.)
.Ip N 8
Go to the next article.
.Ip ^N 8
Find the next article with the same subject in date order.
This also makes subject search mode (^N) the default command at the end
of an article.
.Ip p 8
Scan backward for previous unread article.
If there is none, stay at the current article.
.Ip P 8
Go to the previous article.
.Ip \- 8
Go to the previously displayed article (regardless of whether that article
is before or after this article in the normal sequence).
.Ip ^P 8
Find the previous article with the same subject in date order.
Makes subject search mode (^N) the default.
.Ip _N 8
Go to the next article in numeric sequence.
.Ip _P 8
Go to the previous article in numeric sequence.
.Ip "<, >" 8
Browse the previous/next selected thread/subject.
If no selections have been made, all the threads that had unread news when
you entered the newsgroup (or last left the selector) are treated
as selected.
Entering an empty newsgroup makes all the already-read threads available
for browsing.
.Ip "[, ]" 8
Proceed to the left/right in the article tree.
Visits already-read articles as well as empty nodes.
Try using the left-/right-arrow keys also.
.Ip "{, }" 8
Go to the root/leaf of the article tree, even if the node is
already read or empty.
Proceeds to the very first/last node if you're already at a root/leaf in
a multi-root thread.
.Ip "(, )" 8
Go to the previous/next sibling in the thread, including \*(L"cousin\*(R"
siblings.
Try using the up-/down-arrow keys also.
.Ip t 8
Display the entire article tree and all its associated subjects.
If the group is not currently threaded, it will become threaded to
process this command.
.Ip ^R 8
Restart the current article.
.Ip v 8
Restart the current article verbosely, displaying the entire header.
.Ip ^L 8
Refresh the screen.
.Ip ^X 8
Restart the current article, and decrypt as a rot13 message.
.Ip X 8
Refresh the screen, and decrypt as a rot13 message.
.Ip b 8
Back up one page.
.Ip q 8
Quit this newsgroup and go back to the newsgroup-selection level.
.Ip ^ 8
Go to the first unread article.
.Ip $ 8
Go to the last article (actually, one past the last article).
.Ip "number" 8
Go to the numbered article.
.Ip "range{,range}:command{:command}" 8
Apply a set of commands to a set of articles.
A range consists of either <article number> or
<article\ number>\-<article\ number>.
A dot \*(L'.\*(R' represents the current article, and a dollar
sign \*(L'$\*(R' represents the last article.
.Sp
Applicable commands include \*(L'm\*(R' (mark as unread), \*(L'M\*(R'
(mark as read-until-exit), \*(L'j\*(R' (mark as read), \*(L"s dest\*(R"
(save to a destination), \*(L"e dir\*(R" (extract to directory),
\&\*(L"!command\*(R" (shell escape), \*(L"=\*(R" (print the subject),
\&\*(L'+\*(R'/\*(L'-\*(R' (select/deselect the article),
\&\*(L'T+\*(R' (auto-select the entire thread), \*(L'Tj\*(R'
(auto-junk the entire thread), \*(L"++\*(R"/\*(L"--\*(R" (select/deselect
the associated thread), \*(L'C\*(R' (cancel),
as well as S, |, w, W, and t.
.Ip ":command" 8
Apply a command to all selected articles.
If nothing is selected, nothing is done.
For applicable commands, see the discussion above for the range command.
.Ip j 8
Junk the current article (i.\|e. mark it as read).
If this command is used from within an article, you are left at the end of
the article, unlike \*(L'n\*(R', which looks for the next article.
.Ip m 8
Mark the current article as still unread.