meref.me

早期freebsd实现

(including the
.b .TS
and
.b .TE
requests)
with the requests
.b .(z
and
.b .)z .
.TL
.b .PS
.i h
.i w
.DE
Begin
.i pic
picture.
.i H
is the height and
.i w
is the width,
both in basic units.
.TL
.b .PE
.DE
End picture.
.TL
.b .IS
.DE
Begin
.i ideal
picture.
.TL
.b .IE
.DE
End
.i ideal
picture.
.TL
.b .IF
.DE
End
.i ideal
picture (alternate form).
.TL
.b .GS
.DE
Begin
.i gremlin
picture.
.TL
.b .GE
.DE
End
.i gremlin
picture.
.TL
.b .GF
.DE
End
.i gremlin
picture (alternate form).
.sh 1 "Miscellaneous"
.TL
.b .re
.DE
Reset tabs every 0.5i.
.TL
.b .ba
.i +N
.DE
Set the base indent
to
.i +N
[0]
(saved in
.NR ($i ).
All paragraphs,
sections,
and displays
come out indented by this amount.
Titles and footnotes
are unaffected.
The
.b .sh
request performs a
.b .ba
request
if
.NR (si
[0] is not zero,
and sets the base indent to
.NR (si \c
.b * \c
.NR ($0 .
.TL
.b .xl
.i +N
.DE
Set the line length to
.i N
[6.0i].
This differs
from
.b .ll
because it only affects the current environment.
.TL
.b .ll
.i +N
.DE
Set line length in all environments
to
.i N
[6.0i].
This should not be used
after output has begun,
and particularly not in two-column output.
The current line length is stored in
.NR ($l .
.TL
.b .hl
.DE
Draws a horizontal line
the length of the page.
This is useful
inside floating keeps
to differentiate
between the text
and the figure.
.sh 1 "Standard Papers"
.TL
.b .tp
.DE
Begin title page.
Spacing at the top of the page
can occur,
and headers and footers are suppressed.
Also,
the page number
is not incremented
for this page.
.TL
.b .++
.i m
.i H
.DE
This request defines the section of the paper
which we are entering.
The section type is defined by
.i m .
.b C
means that we are entering the chapter portion
of the paper,
.b A
means that we are entering the appendix portion
of the paper,
.b P
means that the material following
should be the preliminary portion
(abstract, table of contents, etc.)
portion of the paper,
.b AB
means that we are entering the abstract
(numbered independently from 1
in Arabic numerals),
and
.b B
means that we are entering the bibliographic
portion at the end of the paper.
Also, the variants
.b RC
and
.b RA
are allowed,
which specify renumbering of pages
from one at the beginning of each
chapter or appendix,
respectively.
The
.i H
parameter defines the new header.
If there are any spaces in it,
the entire header must be quoted.
If you want the header to have the chapter number
in it,
Use the string
.b "\e\e\e\en(ch" .
For example, to number appendixes
.b A.1
etc.,
type
.b ".++ RA \(aa\(aa\(aa\e\e\e\en(ch.%\(aa" .
Each section
(chapter, appendix, etc.)
should be preceded by the
.b .+c
request.
It should be mentioned
that it is easier when using
\*T to put the front material
at the end of the paper,
so that the table of contents
can be collected and put out;
this material can then be physically
moved to the beginning of the paper.
.TL
.b .+c
.i T
.DE
Begin chapter with title
.i T .
The chapter number
is maintained in
.NR (ch .
This register is incremented
every time
.b .+c
is called with a parameter.
The title and chapter number
are printed by
.b .$c .
The header is moved to the footer
on the first page
of each chapter.
If
.i T
is omitted,
.b .$c
is not called;
this is useful for doing your own
.q "title page"
at the beginning of papers
without a title page proper.
.b .$c
calls
.b .$C
as a hook so that chapter titles can be inserted
into a table of contents automatically.
The footnote numbering is reset to one.
.TL
.b .$c
.i T
.DE
Print chapter number
(from
.NR (ch )
and
.i T .
This macro can be redefined to your liking.
It is defined by default
to be acceptable
for a PhD thesis
at Berkeley.
This macro calls
.b $C ,
which can be defined to make index entries,
or whatever.
.TL
.b .$C
.i K
.i N
.i T
.DE
This macro is called by
.b .$c .
It is normally undefined,
but can be used to automatically insert
index entries,
or whatever.
.i K
is a keyword,
either
.q Chapter
or
.q Appendix
(depending on the
.b .++
mode);
.i N
is the chapter or appendix number,
and
.i T
is the chapter or appendix title.
.sh 1 "Predefined Strings"
.TL
.ST *
.DE
Footnote number, actually
.ST [ \c
.NR ($f \c
.ST ] .
This macro is incremented
after each call to
.b .)f .
.TL
.ST #
.DE
Delayed text number.
Actually
[\c
.NR ($d ].
.TL
.ST {
.DE
Superscript.
This string gives upward movement
and a change to a smaller point size.
Extra space is left above the line
to allow room for the superscript.
.TL
.ST }
.DE
Unsuperscript.
Inverse to
.ST { .
For example,
to produce a superscript
you might type
.b x \c
.ST { \c
.b 2 \c
.ST } ,
which will produce
.b x\*{2\*} .
.TL
.ST <
.DE
Subscript.
Extra space is left below the line
to allow for the subscript.
.TL
.ST >
.DE
Inverse to
.ST < .
.TL
.ST (dw
.DE
The day of the week,
as a word.
.TL
.ST (mo
.DE
The month,
as a word.
.TL
.ST (td
.DE
Today's date,
directly printable.
The date is of the form \*(td.
Other forms of the date can be used
by using
.NR (dy
(the day of the month;
for example, \n(dy),
.ST (mo
(as noted above)
or
.NR (mo
(the same,
but as an ordinal number;
for example, \*(mo is \n(mo),
and
.NR (yr
(the last two digits of the current year).
.TL
.ST (lq
.DE
Left quote marks.
.TL
.ST (rq
.DE
Right quote.
.TL
.ST \-
.DE
.ie \w'\(34'>0 \(34
.el 3/4
em dash.
.sh 1 "Special Characters and Marks"
.pp
There are a number of special characters
and diacritical marks
(such as accents)
available through \-me.
.ta 15 +5 +6
.nf
Name	Usage	Example
Acute accent	\e*\(aa	a\e*\(aa	a\*'
Grave accent	\e*\(ga	e\e*\(ga	e\*`
Umlaut	\e*:	u\e*:	u\*:
Tilde	\e*~	n\e*~	n\*~
Caret	\e*^	e\e*^	e\*^
Cedilla	\e*,	c\e*,	c\*,
Czech	\e*v	e\e*v	e\*v
Circle	\e*o	A\e*o	A\*o
There exists	\e*(qe		\*(qe
For all	\e*(qa		\*(qa
.fi
.sp 1i
.b Acknowledgments
.pp
I would like to thank
Bob Epstein,
Bill Joy,
and Larry Rowe
for having the courage
to use the \-me macros
to produce non-trivial papers
during the development stages;
Ricki Blau,
Pamela Humphrey,
and Jim Joyce
for their help with the documentation phase;
peter kessler
for numerous complaints,
most accompanied by fixes;
and the plethora of people who have contributed ideas
and have given support for the project.
.bp
.b Summary
.pp
This alphabetical list summarizes all macros, strings, and number registers
available in the \-me macros.
Selected
.i troff
commands, registers, and functions are included as well;
those listed can generally be used with impunity.
.pp
The columns are the name of the
command, macro, register, or string;
the type of the object,
and the description.
Types are
.b M
for macro or builtin command
(invoked with
.b \&.
or
.b \&\'
in the first input column),
.b S
for a string
(invoked with
.b \e*
or
.b \e*( ),
.b R
for a number register
(invoked with
.b \en
or
.b \en( ),
and
.b F
for a
.i troff
builtin function
(invoked by preceding it with a single backslash).
.pp
Lines marked with \(sc are
.i troff
internal codes.
Lines marked with \(dg or \(dd
may be defined by the user to get special functions;
\(dd indicates that these are defined by default
and changing them may have unexpected side effects.
Lines marked with \(de
are specific to
.i ditroff
(device-independent
.i troff ).
.de $H
.ev 1
.ta \w'\e(space)\(sc\ 'u +\w'TYPE  'u
NAME	TYPE	DESCRIPTION
.ev
..
.(l
.$H
\e(space)	F\(sc	unpaddable space
\e"	F\(sc	comment (to end of line)
\e*#	S	optional delayed text tag string
\e$\fI\&N\fP	F\(sc	interpolate argument \fI\&N\fP
\en($0	R	section depth
\&.$0	M\(dg	invoked after section title printed
\en($1	R	first section number
\&.$1	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 1 section
\en($2	R	second section number
\&.$2	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 2 section
\en($3	R	third section number
\&.$3	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 3 section
\en($4	R	fourth section number
\&.$4	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 4 section
\en($5	R	fifth section number
\&.$5	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 5 section
\en($6	R	sixth section number
\&.$6	M\(dg	invoked before printing depth 6 section
\&.$C	M\(dg	called at beginning of chapter
\&.$H	M\(dg	text header
\en($V	R\(dd	relative vertical spacing in displays
\en($c	R	current column number
\&.$c	M\(dd	print chapter title
\en($d	R	delayed text number
\en($f	R	footnote number
\&.$f	M\(dd	print footer
\&.$h	M\(dd	print header
\en($i	R	paragraph base indent
\en($l	R	column width
\en($m	R	number of columns in effect
\e*($n	S	section name
\en($p	R	numbered paragraph number
\&.$p	M\(dd	print section heading (internal macro)
\en($s	R	column indent
\&.$s	M\(dd	footnote separator (from text)
\en($v	R\(dd	relative vertical spacing in text
\en%	R\(sc	current page number
\e&	F\(sc	zero width character, useful for hiding controls
\e(\fI\&xx\fP	F\(sc	interpolate special character \fI\&xx\fP
\&.(b	M	begin block
\&.(c	M	begin centered block
\&.(d	M	begin delayed text
\&.(f	M	begin footnote
\&.(l	M	begin list
\&.(q	M	begin quote
\&.(x	M	begin index entry
\&.(z	M	begin floating keep
\&.)b	M	end block
\&.)c	M	end centered block
\&.)d	M	end delayed text
\&.)f	M	end footnote
\&.)l	M	end list
\&.)q	M	end quote
\&.)x	M	end index entry
\&.)z	M	end floating keep
\e*\fI\&x\fP	F\(sc	interpolate string \fI\&x\fP
\e*(\fI\&xx\fP	F\(sc	interpolate string \fI\&xx\fP
\e**	S	optional footnote tag string
\&.++	M	set paper section type
\&.+c	M	begin chapter
\e*,	S	cedilla
\e\-	F\(sc	minus sign
\e*\-	S	3/4 em dash
\e0	F\(sc	unpaddable digit-width space
\&.1c	M	revert to single column output
\&.2c	M	begin two column output
\e*:	S	umlat
\e*<	S	begin subscript
\e*>	S	end subscript
\&.EN	M	end equation
\&.EQ	M	begin equation
\eL\'\fI\&d\fP\'	F\(sc	vertical line drawing function for distance \fI\&d\fP
\&.GE	M\(de	end \fIgremlin\fP picture
\&.GF	M\(de	end \fIgremlin\fP picture (with flyback)
\&.GS	M\(de	start \fIgremlin\fP picture
\&.IE	M\(de	end \fIideal\fP picture
\&.IF	M\(de	end \fIideal\fP picture (with flyback)
\&.IS	M\(de	start \fIideal\fP picture
\&.PE	M\(de	end \fIpic\fP picture
\&.PF	M\(de	end \fIpic\fP picture (with flyback)
\&.PS	M\(de	start \fIpic\fP picture
\&.TE	M	end table
\&.TH	M	end header of table
\&.TS	M	begin table
\e*{	S	begin superscript
\en(\&.$	R\(sc	number of arguments to macro
\en(\&.i	R\(sc	current indent
\en(\&.l	R\(sc	current line length
\en(\&.s	R\(sc	current point size
\e*(\&\'	S	acute accent
\e*(\&\`	S	grave accent
\e(\'	F\(sc	acute accent
\e(\`	F\(sc	grave accent
\e*}	S	end superscript
\e^	F\(sc	1/12 em narrow space
\e*^	S	caret
\&.ad	M\(sc	set text adjustment
\&.af	M\(sc	assign format to register
\&.am	M\(sc	append to macro
\&.ar	M	set page numbers in Arabic
\&.as	M\(sc	append to string
\&.b	M	bold font
\&.ba	M	set base indent
\&.bc	M	begin new column
\&.bi	M	bold italic
\en(bi	R	display (block) indent
\&.bl	M	blank lines (even at top of page)
\en(bm	R	bottom title margin
\&.bp	M\(sc	begin page
\&.br	M\(sc	break (start new line)
\en(bs	R	display (block) pre/post spacing
\en(bt	R	block keep threshold
\&.bx	M	boxed
\ec	F\(sc	continue input
\&.ce	M\(sc	center lines
\en(ch	R	current chapter number
\&.de	M\(sc	define macro
\en(df	R	display font
\&.ds	M\(sc	define string
\en(dw	R\(sc	current day of week
\e*(dw	S	current day of week
\en(dy	R\(sc	day of month
\ee	F\(sc	printable version of \e
\&.ef	M	set footer (even numbered pages only)
\&.eh	M	set header (even numbered pages only)
\&.el	M\(sc	else part of conditional
\&.ep	M	end page
\en(es	R	equation pre/post space
\ef\fI\&f\fP	F\(sc	inline font change to font \fI\&f\fP
\ef(\fI\&ff\fP	F\(sc	inline font change to font \fI\&ff\fP
\&.fc	M\(sc	set field characters
\en(ff	R	footnote font
\&.fi	M\(sc	fill output lines
\en(fi	R	footnote indent (first line only)
\en(fm	R	footer margin
\&.fo	M	set footer
\en(fp	R	footnote pointsize
\en(fs	R	footnote prespace
\en(fu	R	footnote undent (from right margin)
\eh\'\fI\&d\fP\'	F\(sc	local horizontal motion for distance \fI\&d\fP
\&.hc	M\(sc	set hyphenation character
\&.he	M	set header
\&.hl	M	draw horizontal line
\en(hm	R	header margin
\&.hx	M	suppress headers and footers on next page
\&.hy	M\(sc	set hyphenation mode
\&.i	M	italic font
\&.ie	M\(sc	conditional with else
\&.if	M\(sc	conditional
\en(ii	R	indented paragraph indent
\&.in	M\(sc	indent (transient, use .ba for pervasive)
\&.ip	M	begin indented paragraph
\&.ix	M	indent, no break
\el\'\fI\&d\fP\'	F\(sc	horizontal line drawing function for distance \fI\&d\fP
\&.lc	M\(sc	set leader repetition character
\&.ll	M	set line length
\&.lp	M	begin left justified paragraph
\e*(lq	S	left quote marks
\&.ls	M\(sc	set multi-line spacing
\&.m1	M	set space from top of page to header
\&.m2	M	set space from header to text
\&.m3	M	set space from text to footer
\&.m4	M	set space from footer to bottom of page
\&.mc	M\(sc	insert margin character
\&.mk	M\(sc	mark vertical position
\en(mo	R\(sc	month of year
\e*(mo	S	current month
\en\fI\&x\fP	F\(sc	interpolate number register \fI\&x\fP
\en(\fI\&xx\fP	F\(sc	interpolate number register \fI\&xx\fP
\&.n1	M	number lines in margin
\&.n2	M	number lines in margin
\&.na	M\(sc	turn off text adjustment
\&.ne	M\(sc	need vertical space
\&.nf	M\(sc	don't fill output lines
\&.nh	M\(sc	turn off hyphenation
\&.np	M	begin numbered paragraph
\&.nr	M\(sc	set number register
\&.ns	M\(sc	no space mode
\e*o	S	circle (e.g., for Norse A\*o)
\&.of	M	set footer (odd numbered pages only)
\&.oh	M	set header (odd numbered pages only)
\&.pa	M	begin page
\&.pd	M	print delayed text
\en(pf	R	paragraph font
\en(pi	R	paragraph indent
\&.pl	M\(sc	set page length
\&.pn	M\(sc	set next page number
\&.po	M\(sc	page offset
\en(po	R	simulated page offset
\&.pp	M	begin paragraph
\en(pp	R	paragraph pointsize
\en(ps	R	paragraph prespace
\&.q	M	quoted
\e*(qa	S	for all
\e*(qe	S	there exists
\en(qi	R	quote indent (also shortens line)
\en(qp	R	quote pointsize
\en(qs	R	quote pre/post space
\&.r	M	roman font
\&.rb	M	real bold font
\&.re	M	reset tabs
\&.rm	M\(sc	remove macro or string
\&.rn	M\(sc	rename macro or string
\&.ro	M	set page numbers in roman
\e*(rq	S	right quote marks
\&.rr	M\(sc	remove register
\&.rs	M\(sc	restore spacing
\&.rt	M\(sc	return to vertical position
\es\fI\&S\fP	F\(sc	inline size change to size \fI\&S\fP
\en(sf	R	section title font
\&.sh	M	begin numbered section
\en(si	R	relative base indent per section depth
\&.sk	M	skip next page
\&.sm	M	set argument in a smaller pointsize
\&.so	M\(sc	source input file
\en(so	R	additional section title offset
\&.sp	M\(sc	vertical space
\en(sp	R	section title pointsize
\en(ss	R	section prespace
\&.sx	M	change section depth
\&.sz	M	set pointsize and vertical spacing
\&.ta	M\(sc	set tab stops
\&.tc	M\(sc	set tab repetition character
\e*(td	S	today's date
\en(tf	R	title font
\&.ti	M\(sc	temporary indent (next line only)
\&.tl	M\(sc	three part title
\en(tm	R	top title margin
\&.tp	M	begin title page
\en(tp	R	title pointsize
\&.tr	M\(sc	translate
\&.u	M	underlined
\&.uh	M	unnumbered section
\&.ul	M\(sc	underline next line
\ev\'\fI\&d\fP\'	F\(sc	local vertical motion for distance \fI\&d\fP
\e*v	S	inverted `v' for czeck ``e\*v''
\ew\'\fI\&S\fP\'	F\(sc	return width of string \fI\&S\fP
\&.xl	M	set line length (local)
\&.xp	M	print index
\en(xs	R	index entry prespace
\en(xu	R	index undent (from right margin)
\en(yr	R\(sc	year (last two digits only)
\en(zs	R	floating keep pre/post space
\e{	F\(sc	begin conditional group
\e|	F\(sc	1/6 em narrow space
\e}	F\(sc	end conditional group
\e*~	S	tilde
.)l
.rm $H