configure.texi

早期freebsd实现

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@setfilename configure.info
@settitle Cygnus Configure
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START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* configure: (configure).	Cygnus configure.
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@ifinfo
This document attempts to describe the Cygnus Support version of
@code{configure}.

Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Cygnus Support
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.

@ignore
Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).

@end ignore
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
by Cygnus Support.
@end ifinfo

@titlepage
@sp 10
@title{Cygnus Configure}
@subtitle @manvers, for Cygnus Configure version 1.84
@author{K. Richard Pixley, @code{rich@@cygnus.com}}
@author{Cygnus Support}
@page

@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Copyright @copyright{} 1991, 1992 Cygnus Support

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
by Cygnus Support.
@end titlepage

@ifinfo

@node top, What Configure Does, (dir), (dir)
@top top

This file documents the configuration system used and distributed by
Cygnus Support.

@menu
* What Configure Does::		What Configure Does
* Invoking::			Invoking
* Using Configure::		Using Configure
* Porting::			Porting with Configure
* Reference::			Gory details described
* Known Bugs::			Known Bugs
* Variables Index::		Variable Index
* Concept Index::		Concept Index

 --- The Detailed Node Listing ---

Using Configure

* Install Locations::		Where to install things once they are built
* Build Directories::		Where to build object files
* Host::			Telling @code{configure} what will source will
			  be built
* Target::			Telling @code{configure} what the source will
			  target
* Local Conventions::		Adding information about local conventions

Install Locations

* prefix::		Changing the default install directory
* exec_prefix::		How to separate host independent files
			  from host dependent files when
			  installing for multiple hosts
* Install Details::	Full descriptions of all installation
			  subdirectories

Porting with Configure

* Programs::			Adding configure to new programs
* Hosts and Targets::		Adding hosts and targets
* Sites::			Adding site info

Gory details described

* Makefile Extensions::		Extensions to the @sc{gnu} coding standards
* configure.in::		The format of the configure.in file
* config.status::		config.status
* Makefile Fragments::		Makefile Fragments

The format of the @file{configure.in} file

* Minimal::			A minimal configure.in
* Configure Variables::		Variables available to configure.in
* Declarations::		For each invocation
* Per-host::			For each host
* Per-target::			For each target
* Post-target::			After each target
* Example::			An example configure.in
@end menu

@end ifinfo

@node What Configure Does, Invoking, top, top
@chapter What Configure Does

@code{configure} prepares source directories for building working
programs.  A program cannot be built until its source has been
configured.  When configure runs, it does the following things.

@table @emph
@item Create build directories
(see @ref{Build Directories}).  When you run @code{configure} with the
@code{-srcdir=} option, it uses the current directory as build
directory, creating under it a directory tree that parallels the
directory structure under the source directory.  (See @ref{Invoking}).

@item Generate makefiles
A makefile template from the source directory, usually called
@file{Makefile.in}, is copied to an output file in the build directory.
The output file is usually named @file{Makefile}.  @code{configure}
places definitions for a number of standard makefile macros at the
beginning of the output file.  If @code{-prefix=} or @code{-exec_prefix}
were specified on the @code{configure} command line, corresponding
makefile variables are set accordingly.  If host, target, or site
specific makefile fragments exist, these are inserted into the output
file.  (See @ref{Makefiles, , , make, Makefiles}.)

@item Generate @file{.gdbinit} If the source directory contains a
@file{.gdbinit} file and the build directory is not the same as the
source directory, a @file{.gdbinit} file is created in the build
directory.  This @file{.gdbinit} file contains @code{dir} commands and
a @code{source} command, which will cause the @file{.gdbinit} file from
the source directory to be read by GDB, and will allow GDB to find
source files in either the source directory or the build directory.
(see @ref{Command Files, , , gdb, Command Files}.)

@item Make symbolic links
Most directories have some symbolic links with generic names built
pointing to specific files in the source directory.  If the system where
@code{configure} runs cannot support symbolic links, hard links are used
instead.

@item Miscellaneous
If the source directory has special needs, they are handled by shell
script fragments stored with the source.  Usually there are no special
needs, but sometimes they involve changes to the output makefile.

@item Generate @file{config.status}
@code{configure} creates a shell script named @file{config.status} in
the build directory.  This shell script, when run from the build
directory, will reconfigure the build directory (but not its
subdirectories).  This is most often used to have a @code{Makefile} update
itself automatically if a new source directory is available.

@item Recursion
If the source directory has subdirectories that should also be
configured, @code{configure} is called for each.
@end table

@node Invoking, Using Configure, What Configure Does, top
@chapter Invoking

The usual way to invoke @code{configure} is as follows:
@example
configure @var{host}
@end example
This prepares the source to be compiled in a
@var{host} environment with programs and files to be installed in
@file{/usr/local}.

@code{configure} prepares the source as you specify by selecting and
using script and Makefile fragments prepared in advance, and stored with
the source.  @code{configure}'s command line options also allow you to
specify other aspects of the source configuration:

@table @code
@item -exec_prefix=@var{dir}
Configure the source to install host dependent files in @var{dir}.

This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{exec_prefix}.
Generated Makefiles will have their @code{exec_prefix} variables set to
this value. (See @ref{Install Details}.)

@item -gas
Configure to use the @sc{GNU} assembler.

@item -help
Display a quick summary of how to invoke @code{configure}.

@item -host=@var{host}
FIXME-soon: I don't think this option should be documented.
@c Then why does it exist?  /Pesch 7jan92

@item -nfp
@emph{No floating point} unit available on the target; configure to
avoid dependencies on hardware floating point.

@item -norecursion
Configure only this directory; ignore any subdirectories.  This is used
by the executable shell script @file{config.status} to reconfigure the
current directory.  (see @ref{config.status}).

@item -prefix=@var{dir}
Configure the source to install programs and files under directory
@file{@var{dir}}.

This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{prefix}.  Generated
Makefiles will have their @code{prefix} variables set to this value.
(See @ref{Install Details}.)

@item -program_prefix=@var{string}
Configure the source to install certain programs using @var{string} as a
prefix.  This applies to programs which might be used for cross-compilation,
such as the compiler and the binutils, and also to programs which have the same
name as a common Unix program, such as make.

This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{program_prefix}.
Generated Makefiles will have their @code{program_prefix} variables set to this
value.  (See @ref{Install Details}.)

@item -program_suffix=@var{string}
Configure the source to install certain programs using @var{string} as a
suffix.  This applies to programs which might be used for cross-compilation.

@item -program_transform_name=@var{sed-pattern}
Configure the source to install certain programs using the names that result
from passing the usual name through @code{sed} invoked with @var{sed-pattern}.
This option may be given multiple times; each @var{sed-pattern} will be applied
in turn.  This applies to programs which might be used for cross-compilation.

This option sets the @code{configure} variable @code{program_transform_name}.
Generated Makefiles will have their @code{program_transform_name} variables set
to this value.  (See @ref{Install Details}.)

@item -recurring
@c Wouldn't it make more sense to call this "-quiet"? (FIXME).
This option is used internally by @code{configure} when recurring on
subdirectories.  Its sole purpose is to suppress status output.  You can
override this effect with the @code{-verbose} option.

@item -rm
@emph{Remove} the configuration specified by @var{host} and the other
command-line options, rather than creating it.

@item -site=@var{site}
Generate Makefiles using site specific Makefile fragments for
@var{site}.  See also @ref{Sites}.

@item -srcdir=@var{_dir}
Build Makefiles to use the sources located in directory @file{@var{dir}}.  The
build directory is assumed to be @file{.}.

@item -target=@var{target}
Requests that the sources be configured to target the @var{target}
machine.  If no target is specified explicitly, the target is assumed
to be the same as the host.  

@item -tmpdir=@var{tmpdir}
Use the directory @var{tmpdir} for @code{configure}'s temporary files.
The default is the value of the environment variable TMPDIR, or
@file{/tmp} if the environment variable is not set.

@item -verbose
@itemx -v
Print status lines for each directory configured.  Normally, only the
status lines for the initial working directory are printed.

@item -x
Use @sc{MIT} style @sc{X11} header files and libraries on the host, even
if they are not normally available.
@end table

@node Using Configure, Porting, Invoking, top
@chapter Using Configure

The choices and options available at configuration time
generally have valid defaults, but the defaults do not cover all cases.
The choices available include install locations, build directories,
host, target, and local conventions.

@menu
* Install Locations::		Where to install things once they are built
* Build Directories::		Where to build object files
* Host::			Telling @code{configure} what will source will
			  be built
* Target::			Telling @code{configure} what the source will
			  target
* Local Conventions::		Adding information about local conventions
@end menu

@node Install Locations, Build Directories, Using Configure, Using Configure
@section Install Locations
@cindex Where to install

Using the default configuration, @code{make install} creates a
single tree of files, some of which are programs.  The location of this
tree is determined by the value of the variable @code{prefix}.  The
default value of @code{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}.  This is
often correct for native tools installed on only one host.

@menu
* prefix::		Changing the default install directory
* exec_prefix::		How to separate host independent files
			  from host dependent files when
			  installing for multiple hosts
* Install Details::	Full descriptions of all installation