oonews

早期freebsd实现

 it reeexecutes the entire line minus any prompt.
 The prompt is recognized by searching for the value of
 shell-prompt-pattern, starting from the beginning of the line.
 Anything thus skipped is not reexecuted.

Changes in Emacs 1.3

* An undo facility exists now.  Type C-x u to undo a batch of
 changes (usually one command's changes, but some commands
 such as query-replace divide their changes into multiple
 batches.  You can repeat C-x u to undo further.  As long
 as no commands other than C-x u intervene, each one undoes
 another batch.  A numeric argument to C-x u acts as a repeat
 count.

 If you keep on undoing, eventually you may be told that
 you have used up all the recorded undo information.
 Some actions, such as reading in files, discard all
 undo information.

 The undo information is not currently stored separately
 for each buffer, so it is mainly good if you do something
 totally spastic.  [This has since been fixed.]

* A learn-by-doing tutorial introduction to Emacs now exists.
 Type C-h t to enter it.

* An Info documentation browser exists.  Do M-x info to enter it.
 It contains a tutorial introduction so that no more documentation
 is needed here.  As of now, the only documentation in it
 is that of Info itself.

* Help k and Help c are now different.  Help c prints just the
 name of the function which the specified key invokes.  Help k
 prints the documentation of the function as well.

* A document of the differences between GNU Emacs and Twenex Emacs
 now exists.  It is called DIFF, in the same directory as this file.

* C mode can now indent comments better, including multi-line ones.
 Meta-Control-q now reindents comment lines within the expression
 being aligned.

* Insertion of a close-parenthesis now shows the matching open-parenthesis
 even if it is off screen, by printing the text following it on its line
 in the minibuffer.

* A file can now contain a list of local variable values
 to be in effect when the file is edited.  See the file DIFF
 in the same directory as this file for full details.

* A function nth is defined.  It means the same thing as in Common Lisp.

* The function install-command has been renamed to set-key.
 It now takes the key sequence as the first argument
 and the definition for it as the second argument.
 Likewise, local-install-command has been renamed to local-set-key.

Changes in Emacs 1.2

* A Lisp single-stepping and debugging facility exists.
 To cause the debugger to be entered when an error
 occurs, set the variable debug-on-error non-nil.

 To cause the debugger to be entered whenever function foo
 is called, do (debug-on-entry 'foo).  To cancel this,
 do (cancel-debug-on-entry 'foo).  debug-on-entry does
 not work for primitives (written in C), only functions
 written in Lisp.  Most standard Emacs commands are in Lisp.

 When the debugger is entered, the selected window shows
 a buffer called " *Backtrace" which displays a series
 of stack frames, most recently entered first.  For each
 frame, the function name called is shown, usually followed
 by the argument values unless arguments are still being
 calculated.  At the beginning of the buffer is a description
 of why the debugger was entered: function entry, function exit,
 error, or simply that the user called the function `debug'.

 To exit the debugger and return to top level, type `q'.

 In the debugger, you can evaluate Lisp expressions by 
 typing `e'.  This is equivalent to `M-ESC'.

 When the debugger is entered due to an error, that is
 all you can do.  When it is entered due to function entry
 (such as, requested by debug-on-entry), you have two
 options:
  Continue execution and reenter debugger after the
    completion of the function being entered.  Type `c'.
  Continue execution but enter the debugger before
    the next subexpression.  Type `d'.

 You will see that some stack frames are marked with *.
 This means the debugger will be entered when those
 frames exit.  You will see the value being returned
 in the first line of the backtrace buffer.  Your options:
  Continue execution, and return that value.  Type `c'.
  Continue execution, and return a specified value.  Type `r'.

 You can mark a frame to enter the debugger on exit
 with the `b' command, or clear such a mark with `u'.

* Lisp macros now exist.
 For example, you can write
    (defmacro cadr (arg) (list 'car (list 'cdr arg)))
 and then the expression
    (cadr foo)
 will expand into
    (car (cdr foo))

Changes in Emacs 1.1

* The initial buffer is now called "scratch" and is in a
 new major mode, Lisp Interaction mode.  This mode is
 intended for typing Lisp expressions, evaluating them,
 and having the values printed into the buffer.

  Type Linefeed after a Lisp expression, to evaluate the
 expression and have its value printed into the buffer,
 advancing dot.

 The other commands of Lisp mode are available.

* The C-x C-e command for evaluating the Lisp expression
 before dot has been changed to print the value in the
 minibuffer line rather than insert it in the buffer.
 A numeric argument causes the printed value to appear
 in the buffer instead.

* In Lisp mode, the command M-C-x evaluates the defun
 containing or following dot.  The value is printed in
 the minibuffer.

* The value of a Lisp expression evaluated using M-ESC
 is now printed in the minibuffer.

* M-q now runs fill-paragraph, independent of major mode.

* C-h m now prints documentation on the current buffer's
 major mode.  What it prints is the documentation of the
 major mode name as a function.  All major modes have been
 equipped with documentation that describes all commands
 peculiar to the major mode, for this purpose.

* You can display a Unix manual entry with
 the M-x manual-entry command.

* You can run a shell, displaying its output in a buffer,
 with the M-x shell command.  The Return key sends input
 to the subshell.  Output is printed inserted automatically
 in the buffer.  Commands C-c, C-d, C-u, C-w and C-z are redefined
 for controlling the subshell and its subjobs.
 "cd", "pushd" and "popd" commands are recognized as you
 enter them, so that the default directory of the Emacs buffer
 always remains the same as that of the subshell.

* C-x $ (that's a real dollar sign) controls line-hiding based
 on indentation.  With a numeric arg N > 0, it causes all lines
 indented by N or more columns to become invisible.
 They are, effectively, tacked onto the preceding line, where
 they are represented by " ..." on the screen.
 (The end of the preceding visible line corresponds to a
 screen cursor position before the "...".  Anywhere in the
 invisible lines that follow appears on the screen as a cursor
 position after the "...".)
 Currently, all editing commands treat invisible lines just
 like visible ones, except for C-n and C-p, which have special
 code to count visible lines only.
 C-x $ with no argument turns off this mode, which in any case
 is remembered separately for each buffer.

* Outline mode is another form of selective display.
 It is a major mode invoked with M-x outline-mode.
 It is intended for editing files that are structured as
 outlines, with heading lines (lines that begin with one
 or more asterisks) and text lines (all other lines).
 The number of asterisks in a heading line are its level;
 the subheadings of a heading line are all following heading
 lines at higher levels, until but not including the next 
 heading line at the same or a lower level, regardless
 of intervening text lines.

  In outline mode, you have commands to hide (remove from display)
 or show the text or subheadings under each heading line
 independently.  Hidden text or subheadings are invisibly
 attached to the end of the preceding heading line, so that
 if you kill the hading line and yank it back elsewhere
 all the invisible lines accompany it.

  All editing commands treat hidden outline-mode lines
 as part of the preceding visible line.
 
* C-x C-z runs save-buffers-kill-emacs
 offers to save each file buffer, then exits.

* C-c's function is now called suspend-emacs.

* The command C-x m runs mail, which switches to a buffer *mail*
 and lets you compose a message to send.  C-x 4 m runs mail in
 another window.  Type C-z C-s in the mail buffer to send the
 message according to what you have entered in the buffer.

  You must separate the headers from the message text with
 an empty line.

* You can now dired partial directories (specified with names
 containing *'s, etc, all processed by the shell).  Also, you
 can dired more than one directory; dired names the buffer
 according to the filespec or directory name.  Reinvoking
 dired on a directory already direded just switches back to
 the same directory used last time; do M-x revert if you want
 to read in the current contents of the directory.

  C-x d runs dired, and C-x 4 d runs dired in another window.

  C-x C-d (list-directory) also allows partial directories now.

Lisp programming changes

* t as an output stream now means "print to the minibuffer".
 If there is already text in the minibuffer printed via t
 as an output stream, the new text is appended to the old
 (or is truncated and lost at the margin).  If the minibuffer
 contains text put there for some other reason, it is cleared
 first.

  t is now the top-level value of standard-output.

  t as an input stream now means "read via the minibuffer".
 The minibuffer is used to read a line of input, with editing,
 and this line is then parsed.  Any excess not used by `read'
 is ignored; each `read' from t reads fresh input.
 t is now the top-level value of standard-input.

* A marker may be used as an input stream or an output stream.
 The effect is to grab input from where the marker points,
 advancing it over the characters read, or to insert output
 at the marker and advance it.

* Output from an asynchronous subprocess is now inserted at
 the end of the associated buffer, not at the buffer's dot,
 and the buffer's mark is set to the end of the inserted output
 each time output is inserted.

* (pos-visible-in-window-p POS WINDOW)
 returns t if position POS in WINDOW's buffer is in the range
 that is being displayed in WINDOW; nil if it is scrolled
 vertically out of visibility.

  If display in WINDOW is not currently up to date, this function
 calculates carefully whether POS would appear if display were
 done immediately based on the current (window-start WINDOW).

  POS defaults to (dot), and WINDOW to (selected-window).

* Variable buffer-alist replaced by function (buffer-list).
 The actual alist of buffers used internally by Emacs is now
 no longer accessible, to prevent the user from crashing Emacs
 by modifying it.  The function buffer-list returns a list
 of all existing buffers.  Modifying this list cannot hurt anything
 as a new list is constructed by each call to buffer-list.

* load now takes an optional third argument NOMSG which, if non-nil,
 prevents load from printing a message when it starts and when
 it is done.

* byte-recompile-directory is a new function which finds all
 the .elc files in a directory, and regenerates each one which
 is older than the corresponding .el (Lisp source) file.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright information:

Copyright (C) 1985 Richard M. Stallman

   Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies
   of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the
   copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved,
   thus giving the recipient permission to redistribute in turn.

   Permission is granted to distribute modified versions
   of this document, or of portions of it,
   under the above conditions, provided also that they
   carry prominent notices stating who last changed them.

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