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早期freebsd实现

Old GNU Emacs NEWS -- history of user-visible changes thru version 15.
Copyright (C) 1985 Richard M. Stallman.
See the end for copying conditions.

Changes in Emacs 15

* Emacs now runs on Sun and Megatest 68000 systems;
 also on at least one 16000 system running 4.2.

* Emacs now alters the output-start and output-stop characters
 to prevent C-s and C-q from being considered as flow control
 by cretinous rlogin software in 4.2.

* It is now possible convert Mocklisp code (for Gosling Emacs) to Lisp code
 that can run in GNU Emacs.  M-x convert-mocklisp-buffer
 converts the contents of the current buffer from Mocklisp to
 GNU Emacs Lisp.  You should then save the converted buffer with C-x C-w
 under a name ending in ".el"

 There are probably some Mocklisp constructs that are not handled.
 If you encounter one, feel free to report the failure as a bug.
 The construct will be handled in a future Emacs release, if that is not
 not too hard to do.

 Note that lisp code converted from Mocklisp code will not necessarily
 run as fast as code specifically written for GNU Emacs, nor will it use
 the many features of GNU Emacs which are not present in Gosling's emacs.
 (In particular, the byte-compiler (m-x byte-compile-file) knows little
 about compilation of code directly converted from mocklisp.)
 It is envisaged that old mocklisp code will be incrementally converted
 to GNU lisp code, with M-x convert-mocklisp-buffer being the first
 step in this process.

* Control-x n (narrow-to-region) is now by default a disabled command.

 This means that, if you issue this command, it will ask whether
 you really mean it.  You have the opportunity to enable the
 command permanently at that time, so you will not be asked again.
 This will place the form "(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)" in your
 .emacs file.

* Tags now prompts for the tag table file name to use.

 All the tags commands ask for the tag table file name
 if you have not yet specified one.

 Also, the command M-x visit-tag-table can now be used to
 specify the tag table file name initially, or to switch
 to a new tag table.

* If truncate-partial-width-windows is non-nil (as it intially is),
 all windows less than the full screen width (that is,
 made by side-by-side splitting) truncate lines rather than continuing
 them.

* Emacs now checks for Lisp stack overflow to avoid fatal errors.
 The depth in eval, apply and funcall may not exceed max-lisp-eval-depth.
 The depth in variable bindings and unwind-protects may not exceed
 max-specpdl-size.  If either limit is exceeded, an error occurs.
 You can set the limits to larger values if you wish, but if you make them
 too large, you are vulnerable to a fatal error if you invoke
 Lisp code that does infinite recursion.

* New hooks  find-file-hook  and  write-file-hook.
 Both of these variables if non-nil should be functions of no arguments.
 At the time they are called (current-buffer) will be the buffer being
 read or written respectively.

 find-file-hook  is called whenever a file is read into its own buffer,
 such as by calling  find-file,  revert-buffer, etc.  It is not called by
 functions such as  insert-file  which do not read the file into a buffer of
 its own.
 find-file-hook  is called after the file has been read in and its
 local variables (if any) have been processed.

 write-file-hook  is called just before writing out a file from a buffer.

* The initial value of shell-prompt-pattern is now  "^[^#$%>]*[#$%>] *"

* If the .emacs file sets inhibit-startup-message to non-nil,
 the messages normally printed by Emacs at startup time
 are inhibited.

* Facility for run-time conditionalization on the basis of emacs features.

 The new variable  features  is a list of symbols which represent "features"
 of the executing emacs, for use in run-time conditionalization.

 The function  featurep  of one argument may be used to test for the
 presence of a feature. It is just the same as
 (not (null (memq FEATURE features))) where FEATURE is its argument.
 For example, (if (featurep 'magic-window-hack)
		  (transmogrify-window 'vertical)
		(split-window-vertically))

 The function  provide  of one argument "announces" that FEATURE is present.
 It is much the same as (if (not (featurep FEATURE))
			    (setq features (cons FEATURE features)))

 The function  require  with arguments FEATURE and FILE-NAME loads FILE-NAME
 (which should contain the form (provide FEATURE)) unless FEATURE is present.
 It is much the same as (if (not (featurep FEATURE))
			    (progn (load FILE-NAME)
				   (if (not featurep FEATURE) (error ...))))
 FILE-NAME is optional and defaults to FEATURE.

* New function load-average.

 This returns a list of three integers, which are
 the current 1 minute, 5 minute and 15 minute load averages,
 each multiplied by a hundred (since normally they are floating
 point numbers).

* Per-terminal libraries loaded automatically.

 Emacs when starting up on terminal type T automatically loads
 a library named term-T.  T is the value of the TERM environment variable.
 Thus, on terminal type vt100, Emacs would do (load "term-vt100" t t).
 Such libraries are good places to set the character translation table.

 It is a bad idea to redefine lots of commands in a per-terminal library,
 since this affects all users.  Instead, define a command to do the
 redefinitions and let the user's init file, which is loaded later,
 call that command or not, as the user prefers.

* Programmer's note: detecting killed buffers.

 Buffers are eliminated by explicitly killing them, using
 the function kill-buffer.  This does not eliminate or affect
 the pointers to the buffer which may exist in list structure.
 If you have a pointer to a buffer and wish to tell whether
 the buffer has been killed, use the function buffer-name.
 It returns nil on a killed buffer, and a string on a live buffer.

* New ways to access the last command input character.

 The function last-key-struck, which used to return the last
 input character that was read by command input, is eliminated.
 Instead, you can find this information as the value of the
 variable last-command-char.  (This variable used to be called
 last-key).

 Another new variable, last-input-char, holds the last character
 read from the command input stream regardless of what it was
 read for.  last-input-char and last-command-char are different
 only inside a command that has called read-char to read input.

* The new switch -kill causes Emacs to exit after processing the
 preceding command line arguments.  Thus,
    emacs -l lib data -e do-it -kill
 means to load lib, find file data, call do-it on no arguments,
 and then exit.

* The config.h file has been modularized.

 Options that depend on the machine you are running on are defined
 in a file whose name starts with "m-", such as m-vax.h.
 Options that depend on the operating system software version you are
 running on are defined in a file whose name starts with "s-",
 such as s-bsd4.2.h.

 config.h includes one m- file and one s- file.  It also defines a
 few other options whose values do not follow from the machine type
 and system type being used.  Installers normally will have to
 select the correct m- and s- files but will never have to change their
 contents.

* Termcap AL and DL strings are understood.

 If the termcap entry defines AL and DL strings, for insertion
 and deletion of multiple lines in one blow, Emacs now uses them.
 This matters most on certain bit map display terminals for which
 scrolling is comparatively slow.

* Bias against scrolling screen far on fast terminals.

 Emacs now prefers to redraw a few lines rather than
 shift them a long distance on the screen, when the terminal is fast.

* New major mode, mim-mode.

 This major mode is for editing MDL code.  Perhaps a MDL
 user can explain why it is not called mdl-mode.
 You must load the library mim-mode explicitly to use this.

* GNU documentation formatter `texinfo'.

 The `texinfo' library defines a format for documentation
 files which can be passed through Tex to make a printed manual
 or passed through texinfo to make an Info file.  Texinfo is
 documented fully by its own Info file; compare this file
 with its source, texinfo.texinfo, for additional guidance.

 All documentation files for GNU utilities should be written
 in texinfo input format.

 Tex processing of texinfo files requires the Botex macro package.
 This is not ready for distribution yet, but will appear at
 a later time.

* New function read-from-string (emacs 15.29)

 read-from-string takes three arguments: a string to read from,
 and optionally start and end indices which delimit a substring
 from which to read.  (They default to 0 and the length of the string,
 respectively.)

 This function returns a cons cell whose car is the object produced
 by reading from the string and whose cdr is a number giving the
 index in the string of the first character not read. That index may
 be passed as the second argument to a later call to  read-from-string
 to read the next form represented by the string.

 In addition, the function  read  now accepts a string as its argument.
 In this case, it calls  read-from-string  on the whole string, and
 returns the car of the result. (ie the actual object read.)

Changes in Emacs 14

* Completion now prints various messages such as [Sole Completion]
 or [Next Character Not Unique] to describe the results obtained.
 These messages appear after the text in the minibuffer, and remain
 on the screen until a few seconds go by or you type a key.

* The buffer-read-only flag is implemented.
 Setting or binding this per-buffer variable to a non-nil value
 makes illegal any operation which would modify the textual content of
 the buffer.  (Such operations signal a  buffer-read-only  error)
 The read-only state of a buffer may be altered using toggle-read-only
 (C-x C-q)
 The buffers used by Rmail, Dired, Rnews, and Info are now read-only
 by default to prevent accidental damage to the information in those
 buffers.

* Functions car-safe and cdr-safe.
 These functions are like car and cdr when the argument is a cons.
 Given an argument not a cons, car-safe always returns nil, with
 no error; the same for cdr-safe.

* The new function user-real-login-name returns the name corresponding
 to the real uid of the Emacs process.  This is usually the same
 as what user-login-name returns; however, when Emacs is invoked
 from su, user-real-login-name returns "root" but user-login-name
 returns the name of the user who invoked su.

Changes in Emacs 13

* There is a new version numbering scheme.

 What used to be the first version number, which was 1,
 has been discarded since it does not seem that I need three
 levels of version number.

 However, a new third version number has been added to represent
 changes by user sites.  This number will always be zero in
 Emacs when I distribute it; it will be incremented each time
 Emacs is built at another site.

* There is now a reader syntax for Meta characters:
 \M-CHAR means CHAR or'ed with the Meta bit.  For example:

    ?\M-x   is   (+ ?x 128)
    ?\M-\n  is   (+ ?\n 128)
    ?\M-\^f is   (+ ?\^f 128)

 This syntax can be used in strings too.  Note, however, that
 Meta characters are not meaningful in key sequences being passed
 to define-key or lookup-key; you must use ESC characters (\e)
 in them instead.

 ?\C- can be used likewise for control characters.  (13.9)

* Installation change
 The string "../lisp" now adds to the front of the load-path
 used for searching for Lisp files during Emacs initialization.
 It used to replace the path specified in paths.h entirely.
 Now the directory ../lisp is searched first and the directoris
 specified in paths.h are searched afterward.

Changes in Emacs 1.12

* There is a new installation procedure.
 See the file INSTALL that comes in the top level
 directory in the tar file or tape.

* The Meta key is now supported on terminals that have it.
 This is a shift key which causes the high bit to be turned on
 in all input characters typed while it is held down.

 read-char now returns a value in the range 128-255 if
 a Meta character is typed.  When interpreted as command
 input, a Meta character is equivalent to a two character