refcard.tex

早期freebsd实现

\key{scroll right}{C-x >}

\endindentedkeys

\section{Killing and Deleting}

\paralign to \hsize{#\tabskip=10pt plus 1 fil&#\tabskip=0pt&#\cr
\threecol{{\bf entity to kill}}{{\bf backward}}{{\bf forward}}
\threecol{character (delete, not kill)}{DEL}{C-d}
\threecol{word}{M-DEL}{M-d}
\threecol{line (to end of)}{M-0 C-k}{C-k}
\threecol{sentence}{C-x DEL}{M-k}
\threecol{sexp}{M-- C-M-k}{C-M-k}
}

\key{kill {\bf region}}{C-w}
\key{kill to next occurrence of {\it char}}{M-z {\it char}}

\key{yank back last thing killed}{C-y}
\key{replace last yank with previous kill}{M-y}

\section{Marking}

\key{set mark here}{C-@ {\rm or} C-SPC}
\key{exchange point and mark}{C-x C-x}

\key{set mark {\it arg\/} {\bf words} away}{M-@}
\key{mark {\bf paragraph}}{M-h}
\key{mark {\bf page}}{C-x C-p}
\key{mark {\bf sexp}}{C-M-@}
\key{mark {\bf function}}{C-M-h}
\key{mark entire {\bf buffer}}{C-x h}

\section{Query Replace}

\key{interactively replace a text string}{M-\%}
\metax{using regular expressions}{M-x query-replace-regexp}

Valid responses in query-replace mode are

\key{{\bf replace} this one, go on to next}{SPC}
\key{replace this one, don't move}{,}
\key{{\bf skip} to next without replacing}{DEL}
\key{replace all remaining matches}{!}
\key{{\bf back up} to the previous match}{^}
\key{{\bf exit} query-replace}{ESC}
\key{enter recursive edit (\kbd{C-M-c} to exit)}{C-r}

\section{Multiple Windows}

\key{delete all other windows}{C-x 1}
\key{delete this window}{C-x 0}
\key{split window in 2 vertically}{C-x 2}
\key{split window in 2 horizontally}{C-x 5}

\key{scroll other window}{C-M-v}
\key{switch cursor to another window}{C-x o}

\metax{shrink window shorter}{M-x shrink-window}
\key{grow window taller}{C-x ^}
\key{shrink window narrower}{C-x \{}
\key{grow window wider}{C-x \}}

\key{select a buffer in other window}{C-x 4 b}
\key{find file in other window}{C-x 4 f}
\key{compose mail in other window}{C-x 4 m}
\key{run Dired in other window}{C-x 4 d}
\key{find tag in other window}{C-x 4 .}

\section{Formatting}

\key{indent current {\bf line} (mode-dependent)}{TAB}
\key{indent {\bf region} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-\\}
\key{indent {\bf sexp} (mode-dependent)}{C-M-q}
\key{indent region rigidly {\it arg\/} columns}{C-x TAB}

\key{insert newline after point}{C-o}
\key{move rest of line vertically down}{C-M-o}
\key{delete blank lines around point}{C-x C-o}
\key{delete all whitespace around point}{M-\\}
\key{put exactly one space at point}{M-SPC}

\key{fill {\bf paragraph}}{M-q}
\key{fill {\bf region}}{M-g}
\key{set fill column}{C-x f}
\key{set prefix each line starts with}{C-x .}

\section{Case Change}

\key{uppercase word}{M-u}
\key{lowercase word}{M-l}
\key{capitalize word}{M-c}

\key{uppercase region}{C-x C-u}
\key{lowercase region}{C-x C-l}
\metax{capitalize region}{M-x capitalize-region}

\section{The Minibuffer}

The following keys are defined in the minibuffer.

\key{complete as much as possible}{TAB}
\key{complete up to one word}{SPC}
\key{complete and execute}{RET}
\key{show possible completions}{?}
\key{abort command}{C-g}

Type \kbd{C-x ESC} to edit and repeat the last command that used the
minibuffer.  The following keys are then defined.

\key{previous minibuffer command}{M-p}
\key{next minibuffer command}{M-n}

\newcolumn
\title{GNU Emacs Reference Card}

\section{Buffers}

\key{select another buffer}{C-x b}
\key{list all buffers}{C-x C-b}
\key{kill a buffer}{C-x k}

\section{Transposing}

\key{transpose {\bf characters}}{C-t}
\key{transpose {\bf words}}{M-t}
\key{transpose {\bf lines}}{C-x C-t}
\key{transpose {\bf sexps}}{C-M-t}

\section{Spelling Check}

\key{check spelling of current word}{M-\$}
\metax{check spelling of all words in region}{M-x spell-region}
\metax{check spelling of entire buffer}{M-x spell-buffer}

\section{Tags}

\key{find tag}{M-.}
\key{find next occurrence of tag}{C-u M-.}
\metax{specify a new tags file}{M-x visit-tags-table}

\metax{regexp search on all files in tags table}{M-x tags-search}
\metax{query replace on all the files}{M-x tags-query-replace}
\key{continue last tags search or query-replace}{M-,}

\section{Shells}

\key{execute a shell command}{M-!}
\key{run a shell command on the region}{M-|}
\key{filter region through a shell command}{C-u M-|}
\metax{start a shell in window \kbd{*shell*}}{M-x shell}

\section{Rmail}

\key{scroll forward}{SPC}
\key{scroll reverse}{DEL}
\key{beginning of message}{. {\rm (dot)}}
\key{{\bf next} non-deleted message}{n}
\key{{\bf previous} non-deleted message}{p}
\key{next message}{M-n}
\key{previous message}{M-p}
\key{{\bf delete} message}{d}
\key{delete message and back up}{C-d}
\key{undelete message}{u}
\key{{\bf reply} to message}{r}
\key{forward message to someone}{f}
\key{send mail}{m}
\key{{\bf get} newly arrived mail}{g}
\key{{\bf quit} Rmail}{q}
\key{output message to another Rmail file}{o}
\key{output message in Unix-mail style}{C-o}
\key{show summary of headers}{h}

\section{Regular Expressions}

The following have special meaning inside a regular expression.

\key{any single character}{. {\rm(dot)}}
\key{zero or more repeats}{*}
\key{one or more repeats}{+}
\key{zero or one repeat}{?}
\key{any character in set}{[ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}
\key{any character not in set}{[^ {\rm$\ldots$} ]}
\key{beginning of line}{^}
\key{end of line}{\$}
\key{quote a special character {\it c\/}}{\\{\it c}}
\key{alternative (``or'')}{\\|}
\key{grouping}{\\( {\rm$\ldots$} \\)}
\key{{\it n\/}th group}{\\{\it n}}
\key{beginning of buffer}{\\`}
\key{end of buffer}{\\'}
\key{word break}{\\b}
\key{not beginning or end of word}{\\B}
\key{beginning of word}{\\<}
\key{end of word}{\\>}
\key{any word-syntax character}{\\w}
\key{any non-word-syntax character}{\\W}
\key{character with syntax {\it c}}{\\s{\it c}}
\key{character with syntax not {\it c}}{\\S{\it c}}

\section{Registers}

\key{copy region to register}{C-x x}
\key{insert register contents}{C-x g}

\key{save point in register}{C-x /}
\key{move point to saved location}{C-x j}

\section{Info}

\key{enter the Info documentation reader}{C-h i}
\beginindentedkeys

Moving within a node:

\key{scroll forward}{SPC}
\key{scroll reverse}{DEL}
\key{beginning of node}{. {\rm (dot)}}

Moving between nodes:

\key{{\bf next} node}{n}
\key{{\bf previous} node}{p}
\key{move {\bf up}}{u}
\key{select menu item by name}{m}
\key{select {\it n\/}th menu item by number (1--5)}{{\it n}}
\key{follow cross reference  (return with \kbd{l})}{f}
\key{return to last node you saw}{l}
\key{return to directory node}{d}
\key{go to any node by name}{g}

Other:

\key{run Info {\bf tutorial}}{h}
\key{list Info commands}{?}
\key{{\bf quit} Info}{q}
\key{search nodes for regexp}{s}

\endindentedkeys

\section{Keyboard Macros}

\key{{\bf start} defining a keyboard macro}{C-x (}
\key{{\bf end} keyboard macro definition}{C-x )}
\key{{\bf execute} last-defined keyboard macro}{C-x e}
\key{append to last keyboard macro}{C-u C-x (}
\metax{name last keyboard macro}{M-x name-last-kbd-macro}
\metax{insert lisp definition in buffer}{M-x insert-kbd-macro}

\section{Commands Dealing with Emacs Lisp}

\key{eval {\bf sexp} before point}{C-x C-e}
\key{eval current {\bf defun}}{C-M-x}
\metax{eval {\bf region}}{M-x eval-region}
\metax{eval entire {\bf buffer}}{M-x eval-current-buffer}
\key{read and eval minibuffer}{M-ESC}
\key{re-execute last minibuffer command}{C-x ESC}
\metax{read and eval Emacs Lisp file}{M-x load-file}
\metax{load from standard system directory}{M-x load-library}

\section{Simple Customization}

% The intended audience here is the person who wants to make simple
% customizations and knows Lisp syntax.

Here are some examples of binding global keys in Emacs Lisp.  Note
that you cannot say \kbd{"\\M-\#"}; you must say \kbd{"\\e\#"}.

\beginexample%
(global-set-key "\\C-cg" 'goto-line)
(global-set-key "\\e\\C-r" 'isearch-backward-regexp)
(global-set-key "\\e\#" 'query-replace-regexp)
\endexample

An example of setting a variable in Emacs Lisp:

\beginexample%
(setq backup-by-copying-when-linked t)
\endexample

\section{Writing Commands}

\beginexample%
(defun \<command-name> (\<args>)
  "\<documentation>"
  (interactive "\<template>")
  \<body>)
\endexample

An example:

\beginexample%
(defun this-line-to-top-of-screen (line)
  "Reposition line point is on to the top of
the screen.  With ARG, put point on line ARG.
Negative counts from bottom."
  (interactive "P")
  (recenter (if (null line)
                0
              (prefix-numeric-value line))))
\endexample

The argument to \kbd{interactive} is a string specifying how to get
the arguments when the function is called interactively.
Type \kbd{C-h f interactive} for more information.

\copyrightnotice

\bye

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