vip.texinfo

早期freebsd实现

@node Mark Commands, Motion Commands, Viewing the Buffer, Vi Commands
@section Mark Commands

The following commands are used to mark positions in the buffer.

@table @kbd
@item m @var{ch}
@kindex 155 @kbd{m} (@code{vip-mark-point})
Store current point in the register @var{ch}.  @var{ch} must be a lower
case character between @kbd{a} and @kbd{z}.
@item m <
Set mark at the beginning of current buffer.
@item m >
Set mark at the end of current buffer.
@item m .
Set mark at point.
@item m ,
Jump to mark (and pop mark off the mark ring).
@end table

@cindex mark ring

Emacs uses the @dfn{mark ring} to store marked positions.  The commands
@kbd{m <}, @kbd{m >} and @kbd{m .}@: not only set mark but also add it as the
latest element of the mark ring (replacing the oldest one).  By repeating
the command `@kbd{m ,}' you can visit older and older marked positions.  You
will eventually be in a loop as the mark ring is a ring.

@node Motion Commands, Searching and Replacing, Mark Commands, Vi Commands
@section Motion Commands

Commands for moving around in the current buffer are collected here.  These
commands are used as an `argument' for the delete, change and yank commands
to be described in the next section.

@table @kbd
@item h
@kindex 150 @kbd{h} (@code{vip-backward-char})
Move point backward by one character.  Signal error if point is at the
beginning of buffer, but (unlike Vi) do not complain otherwise
(@code{vip-backward-char}).
@item l
@kindex 154 @kbd{l} (@code{vip-forward-char})
Move point backward by one character.  Signal error if point is at the
end of buffer, but (unlike Vi) do not complain otherwise
(@code{vip-forward-char}).
@item j
@kindex 152 @kbd{j} (@code{vip-next-line})
Move point to the next line keeping the current column.  If point is on the
last line of the buffer, a new line will be created and point will move to
that line (@code{vip-next-line}).
@item k
@kindex 153 @kbd{k} (@code{vip-previous-line})
Move point to the previous line keeping the current column
(@code{vip-next-line}).
@item +
@kindex 053 @kbd{+} (@code{vip-next-line-at-bol})
Move point to the next line at the first non-white character.  If point is
on the last line of the buffer, a new line will be created and point will
move to the beginning of that line (@code{vip-next-line-at-bol}).
@item -
@kindex 055 @kbd{-} (@code{vip-previous-line-at-bol})
Move point to the previous line at the first non-white character
(@code{vip-previous-line-at-bol}).
@end table
@noindent
If a count is given to these commands, the commands will be repeated that
many times.

@table @kbd
@item 0
@kindex 060 @kbd{0} (@code{vip-beginning-of-line})
Move point to the beginning of line (@code{vip-beginning-of-line}).
@item ^
@kindex 136 @kbd{^} (@code{vip-bol-and-skip-white})
Move point to the first non-white character on the line
(@code{vip-bol-and-skip-white}).
@item $
@kindex 044 @kbd{$} (@code{vip-goto-eol})
Move point to the end of line (@code{vip-goto-eol}).
@item @var{n} |
@kindex 174 @kbd{|} (@code{vip-goto-col})
Move point to the @var{n}-th column on the line (@code{vip-goto-col}).
@end table
@noindent
Except for the @kbd{|} command, these commands neglect a count.

@cindex word

@table @kbd
@item w
@kindex 167 @kbd{w} (@code{vip-forward-word})
Move point forward to the beginning of the next word
(@code{vip-forward-word}).
@item W
@kindex 127 @kbd{W} (@code{vip-forward-Word})
Move point forward to the beginning of the next word, where a @dfn{word} is
considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-forward-Word}).
@item b
@kindex 142 @kbd{b} (@code{vip-backward-word})
Move point backward to the beginning of a word (@code{vip-backward-word}).
@item B
@kindex 102 @kbd{B} (@code{vip-backward-Word})
Move point backward to the beginning of a word, where a @i{word} is
considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-forward-Word}).
@item e
@kindex 145 @kbd{e} (@code{vip-end-of-word})
Move point forward to the end of a word (@code{vip-end-of-word}).
@item E
@kindex 105 @kbd{E} (@code{vip-end-of-Word})
Move point forward to the end of a word, where a @i{word} is
considered as a sequence of non-white characters (@code{vip-end-of-Word}).
@end table
@noindent
@cindex syntax table
Here the meaning of the word `word' for the @kbd{w}, @kbd{b} and @kbd{e}
commands is determined by the @dfn{syntax table} effective in the current
buffer.  Each major mode has its syntax mode, and therefore the meaning of
a word also changes as the major mode changes.  See GNU Emacs Manual for
details of syntax table.

@table @kbd
@item H
@kindex 110 @kbd{H} (@code{vip-window-top})
Move point to the beginning of the @i{home} (top) line of the window.
Given a count @var{n}, go to the @var{n}-th line from top
(@code{vip-window-top}).
@item M
@kindex 115 @kbd{M} (@code{vip-window-middle})
Move point to the beginning of the @i{middle} line of the window.  Given
a count @var{n}, go to the @var{n}-th line from the middle line
(@code{vip-window-middle}).
@item L
@kindex 114 @kbd{L} (@code{vip-window-bottom})
Move point to the beginning of the @i{lowest} (bottom) line of the
window.  Given count, go to the @var{n}-th line from bottom
(@code{vip-window-bottom}).
@end table
@noindent
These commands can be used to go to the desired line visible on the screen.

@table @kbd
@item (
@kindex 050 @kbd{(} (@code{vip-backward-sentence})
Move point backward to the beginning of the sentence
(@code{vip-backward-sentence}).
@item )
@kindex 051 @kbd{)} (@code{vip-forward-sentence})
Move point forward to the end of the sentence
(@code{vip-forward-sentence}).
@item @{
@kindex 173 @kbd{@{} (@code{vip-backward-paragraph})
Move point backward to the beginning of the paragraph
(@code{vip-backward-paragraph}).
@item @}
@kindex 175 @kbd{@}} (@code{vip-forward-paragraph})
Move point forward to the end of the paragraph
(@code{vip-forward-paragraph}).
@end table
@noindent
A count repeats the effect for these commands.

@table @kbd
@item G
@kindex 107 @kbd{G} (@code{vip-goto-line})
Given a count @var{n}, move point to the @var{n}-th line in the buffer on
the first non-white character.  Without a count, go to the end of the buffer
(@code{vip-goto-line}).
@item ` `
@kindex 140 @kbd{`} (@code{vip-goto-mark})
Exchange point and mark (@code{vip-goto-mark}).
@item ` @var{ch}
Move point to the position stored in the register @var{ch}.  @var{ch} must
be a lower case letter.
@item ' '
@kindex 047 @kbd{'} (@code{vip-goto-mark-and-skip-white})
Exchange point and mark, and then move point to the first non-white
character on the line (@code{vip-goto-mark-and-skip-white}).
@item ' @var{ch}
Move point to the position stored in the register @var{ch} and skip to the
first non-white character on the line.  @var{ch} must be a lower case letter.
@item %
@kindex 045 @kbd{%} (@code{vip-paren-match})
Move point to the matching parenthesis if point is looking at @kbd{(},
@kbd{)}, @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{[} or @kbd{]}
@*(@code{vip-paren-match}).
@end table
@noindent
The command @kbd{G} mark point before move, so that you can return to the
original point by @kbd{` `}.  The original point will also be stored in
the mark ring.

The following commands are useful for moving points on the line.  A count
will repeat the effect.

@table @kbd
@item f @var{ch}
@kindex 146 @kbd{f} (@code{vip-find-char-forward})
Move point forward to the character @var{ch} on the line.  Signal error if
@var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-find-char-forward}).
@item F @var{ch}
@kindex 106 @kbd{F} (@code{vip-find-char-backward})
Move point backward to the character @var{ch} on the line.  Signal error if
@var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-find-char-backward}).
@item t @var{ch}
@kindex 164 @kbd{t} (@code{vip-goto-char-forward})
Move point forward upto the character @var{ch} on the line.  Signal error if
@var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-goto-char-forward}).
@item T @var{ch}
@kindex 124 @kbd{T} (@code{vip-goto-char-backward})
Move point backward upto the character @var{ch} on the line.  Signal error if
@var{ch} could not be found (@code{vip-goto-char-backward}).
@item ;
@kindex 073 @kbd{;} (@code{vip-repeat-find})
Repeat previous @kbd{f}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{F} or @kbd{T} command
(@code{vip-repeat-find}).
@item ,
@kindex 054 @kbd{,} (@code{vip-repeat-find-opposite})
Repeat previous @kbd{f}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{F} or @kbd{T} command, in the
opposite direction (@code{vip-repeat-find-opposite}).
@end table

@node Searching and Replacing, Modifying Commands, Motion Commands, Vi Commands
@section Searching and Replacing

Following commands are available for searching and replacing.

@cindex regular expression (search)

@table @kbd
@item / @var{string} @key{RET}
@kindex 057 @kbd{/} (@code{vip-search-forward})
Search the first occurrence of the string @var{string} forward starting
from point.  Given a count @var{n}, the @var{n}-th occurrence of
@var{string} will be searched.  If the variable @code{vip-re-search} has value
@code{t} then @dfn{regular expression} search is done and the string
matching the regular expression @var{string} is found.  If you give an
empty string as @var{string} then the search mode will change from vanilla
search to regular expression search and vice versa
(@code{vip-search-forward}).
@item ? @var{string} @key{RET}
@kindex 077 @kbd{?} (@code{vip-search-backward})
Same as @kbd{/}, except that search is done backward
(@code{vip-search-backward}).
@item n
@kindex 156 @kbd{n} (@code{vip-search-next})
Search the previous search pattern in the same direction as before
(@code{vip-search-next}).
@item N
@kindex 116 @kbd{N} (@code{vip-search-Next})
Search the previous search pattern in the opposite direction
(@code{vip-search-Next}).
@item C-s
@kindex 023 @kbd{C-s} (@code{isearch-forward})
Search forward incrementally.  See GNU Emacs Manual for details
(@code{isearch-forward}).
@item C-r
@kindex 022 @kbd{C-r} (@code{isearch-backward})
Search backward incrementally (@code{isearch-backward}).
@cindex vanilla (replacement)
@cindex regular expression (replacement)
@item R @var{string} RET @var{newstring}
@kindex 122 @kbd{R} (@code{vip-replace-string})
There are two modes of replacement, @dfn{vanilla} and @dfn{regular expression}.
If the mode is @i{vanilla} you will get a prompt @samp{Replace string:},
and if the mode is @i{regular expression} you will ge a prompt
@samp{Replace regexp:}.  The mode is initially @i{vanilla}, but you can
toggle these modes by giving a null string as @var{string}.  If the mode is
vanilla, this command replaces every occurrence of @var{string} with
@var{newstring}.  If the mode is regular expression, @var{string} is
treated as a regular expression and every string matching the regular
expression is replaced with @var{newstring} (@code{vip-replace-string}).
@item Q	@var{string} RET @var{newstring}
@kindex 121 @kbd{Q} (@code{vip-query-replace})
Same as @kbd{R} except that you will be asked form confirmation before each
replacement
@*(@code{vip-query-replace}).
@item r @var{ch}
@kindex 162 @kbd{r} (@code{vip-replace-char})
Replace the character point is looking at by the character @var{ch}.  Give
count, replace that many characters by @var{ch} (@code{vip-replace-char}).
@end table
@noindent
The commands @kbd{/} and @kbd{?} mark point before move, so that you can
return to the original point by @w{@kbd{` `}}.

@node Modifying Commands, Delete Commands, Searching and Replacing, Vi Commands
@section Modifying Commands

In this section, commands for modifying the content of a buffer are
described.  These commands affect the region determined by a motion command
which is given to the commands as their argument.

@cindex point commands
@cindex line commands

We classify motion commands into @dfn{point commands} and
@dfn{line commands}.  The point commands are as follows:
@example
@kbd{h}, @kbd{l}, @kbd{0}, @kbd{^}, @kbd{$}, @kbd{w}, @kbd{W}, @kbd{b}, @kbd{B}, @kbd{e}, @kbd{E}, @kbd{(}, @kbd{)}, @kbd{/}, @kbd{?}, @kbd{`}, @kbd{f}, @kbd{F}, @kbd{t}, @kbd{T}, @kbd{%}, @kbd{;}, @kbd{,}
@end example
@noindent
The line commands are as follows:
@example
@kbd{j}, @kbd{k}, @kbd{+}, @kbd{-}, @kbd{H}, @kbd{M}, @kbd{L}, @kbd{@{}, @kbd{@}}, @kbd{G}, @kbd{'}
@end example
@noindent
@cindex expanding (region)
If a point command is given as an argument to a modifying command, the
region determined by the point command will be affected by the modifying
command. On the other hand, if a line command is given as an argument to a
modifying command, the region determined by the line command will be
enlarged so that it will become the smallest region properly containing the
region and consisting of whole lines (we call this process @dfn{expanding
the region}), and then the enlarged region will be affected by the modifying
command.

@menu
* Delete Commands::	Commands for deleting text.
* Yank Commands::	Commands for yanking text in Vi's sense.
* Put Back Commands::	Commands for putting bake deleted/yanked text.
* Change Commands::	Commands for changing text.
@end menu
@node Delete Commands, Yank Commands, Modifying Commands, Modifying Commands
@subsection Delete Commands

@table @kbd
@item d @var{motion-command}
@kindex 1440 @kbd{d} (@code{vip-command-argument})
Delete the region determined by the motion command @var{motion-command}.
@end table
@noindent
For example, @kbd{d $} will delete the region between point and end of
current line since @kbd{$} is a point command that moves point to end of line.
@kbd{d G} will delete the region between the beginning of current line and
end of the buffer, since @kbd{G} is a line command.  A count given to the